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This report focuses on methane oxidising bacteria (methanotrophs). The key function of methanotrophs as methane consumers and degraders of halogenated hydrocarbons bring them in the perspective of being useful indicators of environmental perturbations. Effects of climate on diversity and temperature adaptation as well as the capacity of different methanotrophs to degrade two atmospheric pollutants (chlorofluoromethanes) was investigated. None of the methanotrophs were found to be adapted for growth at permanently low temperatures although type I methanotrophs grew better at lower temperatures than the type II methanotrophs. Some of the methanotrophs were able to degrade dichlorofluoromethane while chlorodifluoromethane degradation was not demonstrated. No correlation was found between the degradation capacity and the origin of the isolates (landfill or wetland soil), or characteristics of their methane monooxygenase enzymes. The project did not identify a simple correlation between climatic variation or environmental stress and the variation in composition of the methanotroph community. More knowledge about temperature dependent interactions between type I and type II methanotrophs is needed before the composition of methanotrophs can be implemented as an indicator revealing ecological consequences of e.g. changes in climate.

Methanotrophs. --- Bacteria.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

methane --- methanotrophs --- electron transfer --- bioreactor --- value addition and sustainability

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Medical microbiology & virology --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- methane --- methanotrophs --- electron transfer --- bioreactor --- value addition and sustainability

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This book offers a comprehensive overview of the microbiological fundamentals and biotechnological applications of methanotrophs: aerobic proteobacteria that can utilize methane as their sole carbon and energy source. It highlights methanotrophs’ pivotal role in the global carbon cycle, in which they remove methane generated geothermally and by methanogens. Readers will learn how methanotrophs have been employed as biocatalysts for mitigating methane gas and remediating halogenated hydrocarbons in soil and underground water. Recently, methane has also attracted considerable attention as a potential next-generation carbon feedstock for industrial biotechnology, because of its abundance and low price. Methanotrophs can be used as biocatalysts for the production of fuels, chemicals and biomaterials including methanobactin from methane under environmentally benign production conditions. Sharing these and other cutting-edge insights, the book offers a fascinating read for all scientists and students of microbiology and biotechnology.

Methanotrophs. --- Bacteriology. --- Microbiology. --- Metabolism. --- Biochemistry. --- Applied Microbiology. --- Metabolomics. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Biochemistry --- Physiology --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Microbiology --- Composition --- Plant biochemistry. --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Botany --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics

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This book collects the peer-reviewed contributions accepted for the publication in the Special Issue “Advances in In Situ Biological and Chemical Groundwater Treatment” of the MDPI journal Water. As such, the contributions refer to a variety of widespread pollutants (chlorinated ethenes, chlorinated phenols, chromium, copper, nickel, and arsenic phenols) and new remediation approaches (bioremediation, bioelectrochemical systems, and sorption), covering lab and field studies.

Research & information: general --- microplastic --- bioplastic --- chlorinated phenols --- sorption --- kinetics --- matrix effect --- arsenic --- phosphate --- competitive surface complexes --- release --- mobility --- remediation --- magnetite nanoparticles --- onion peel --- corn silk --- adsorption --- groundwater --- chlorinated solvents --- biological reductive dechlorination --- aerobic oxidation --- qPCR --- ethenotrophs --- methanotrophs --- bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) --- hexavalent chromium --- electrobioremediation --- groundwater treatment --- heavy metals --- carbon nanotubes --- adsorption mechanism