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Nerve growth factor. --- Nervous system --- NGF (Nerve growth factor) --- Growth factors --- Nerve tissue proteins --- Pathophysiology.

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A number of studies have demonstrated that both morphological and biochemical indices in the brain undergo alterations in response to environmental influences. In previous work we have shown that rats raised in an enriched environmental condition (EC) perform better on a spatial memory task than rats raised in isolated conditions (IC), We have also found that EC rats have a higher density of immunoreactivity than IC rats for both low and high affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors in the basal forebrain. In order to determine if these alterations were coupled with altered levels of neurotrophins in other brain regions as well, we measured neurotrophin levels in rats that were raised in EC or IC conditions. Rats were placed in the different environments at 2 months of age and 12 months later brain regions were dissected and analyzed for NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) levels using Promega ELISA kits. We found that NGF and BDNF levels were increased in the cerebral cortex, hippocampal formation, basal forebrain, and hindbrain in EC animals compared to age-matched IC animals. NT-3 was found to be increased in the basal forebrain and cerebral cortex of EC animals as well. These findings demonstrate significant alterations in NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 protein levels in several brain regions as a result of an enriched versus an isolated environment and thus provide a possible biochemical basis for behavioral and morphological alterations that have been found to occur with a shifting environmental stimulus. (C) 2000 Academic Press

Affinity ngf receptors. --- Age. --- Aged rats. --- Alzheimers-disease. --- Animal. --- Animals. --- Biochemical. --- Brain. --- Cerebral-cortex. --- Cholinergic neuron atrophy. --- Cognitive dysfunction. --- Cortex. --- Density. --- Elisa. --- Enriched. --- Enrichment. --- Environment. --- Environmental enrichment. --- Environments. --- Factor messenger-rna. --- Growth. --- Hippocampal slices. --- Hippocampal-formation. --- Hippocampal. --- Immunoreactivity. --- Increase. --- Increases. --- Learning deficits. --- Level. --- Long-term. --- Memory. --- Nerve growth-factor. --- Neurotrophic factor. --- Neurotrophin,ngf,bdnf,nt-3,elisa,enriched environment. --- Ngf. --- Protein. --- Rat-brain. --- Rat. --- Rats. --- Receptor. --- Receptors. --- Response. --- Spatial memory. --- Spatial. --- Stimulus. --- Task. --- Visual-cortex. --- Work.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Neurosciences --- neurotrophic factors --- BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) --- NGF (nerve growth factor) --- CNS—central nervous system --- neuronal plasticity

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Neurosciences --- neurotrophic factors --- BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) --- NGF (nerve growth factor) --- CNS—central nervous system --- neuronal plasticity

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Despite the extraordinary growth of research interest in neurotrophic factors, the techniques available have often been inadequate or just emergent from other disciplines. In Neurotrophin Protocols, established leaders in the neurotrophin field detail their special expertise in a wide variety of key protein, RNA, recombinant, and in vivo techniques. The protocols range from immunological analysis for the cellular localization and quantification of the neurotrophins, to genetic manipulation of cells and animals for the analysis of biological function, to quantitative analysis of the active neurotrophin genes. There are also radiotracing techniques for studying neurotrophin transport in both the retrograde and anterograde directions, procedures for using immunotoxins to study the effects of eliminating a single class of neurons, and the essential stereological method for estimation of neuronal numbers. Each method includes not only detailed step-by-step instructions, but also a list of necessary equipment and supplies, and valuable notes spelling out quick tips and tricks of the trade. Timely and robust, Neurotrophin Protocols provides today's neuroscientists in both academia and industry with a comprehensive range of practical, readily reproducible methods for studying neurotrophins and the critically important effects they have on the nervous system.

Nerve growth factor --- Nerve tissue proteins. --- Nerve proteins --- Neural proteins --- Neuroproteins --- Proteins --- NGF (Nerve growth factor) --- Growth factors --- Nerve tissue proteins --- Neurosciences. --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system