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Turkey --- Kurds --- Civil rights --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê. --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- PKK --- Kurdish Workers' Party --- Worker's Party of Kurdistan --- Apocular (Organization) --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Partiya Karkerén Kürdistan --- Ergatiko Komma tou Kourdistan --- Kurdistan Isci Partisi --- Partito kurdo dei lavoratori --- Partito comunista kurdo --- Partî Kirêkaranî Kurdistan --- KİP --- Ḥizb al-ʻUmmāl al-Kūrdistānī --- Kongreya Azadî û Demokrasiya Kurdistan --- Politics and government

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Spread across a number of countries around the world, and concentrated in four Middle East countries, the Kurdish people have you yearned for their own country for almost a century, but were forgotten when the region was carved up by the Sykes-Picot Agreement early in the twentieth century. Since then, the creation of a Kurdish state was high on the agenda of all Kurds. This was especially true when we consider the lot of Kurds in Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran. This book examines the political situation of Kurds in these four countries, looks at how this has changed particularly in the past decade, and considers what the future might hold for the Kurdish people and for the notion of an independent state of Kurdistan. It asks the question of whether a Kurdish state is achievable, or, even, desirable. The book is written for policymakers and academics interested in the Middle East region and in Kurdish politics in particular. It is written in an accessible way that makes it easy reading for anyone curious about the region and its people.

Kurds --- Ethnic identity. --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê. --- Kurdistan --- History --- Autonomy and independence movements. --- Politics and government. --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- PKK --- Kurdish Workers' Party --- Worker's Party of Kurdistan --- Apocular (Organization) --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Partiya Karkerén Kürdistan --- Ergatiko Komma tou Kourdistan --- Kurdistan Isci Partisi --- Partito kurdo dei lavoratori --- Partito comunista kurdo --- Partî Kirêkaranî Kurdistan --- KİP --- Ḥizb al-ʻUmmāl al-Kūrdistānī --- Kongreya Azadî û Demokrasiya Kurdistan --- Coordistan --- Koordistan --- Kordestān

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How do insurgents and governments select their targets? Which ideological discourses and organizational policies do they adopt to win civilian loyalties and control territory? Aysegul Aydin and Cem Emrence suggest that both insurgents and governments adopt a wide variety of coercive strategies in war environments. In Zones of Rebellion, they integrate Turkish-Ottoman history with social science theory to unveil the long-term policies that continue to inform the distribution of violence in Anatolia. The authors show the astonishing similarity in combatants' practices over time and their resulting inability to consolidate Kurdish people and territory around their respective political agendas. The Kurdish insurgency in Turkey is one of the longest-running civil wars in the Middle East. Zones of Rebellion demonstrates for the first time how violence in this conflict has varied geographically. Identifying distinct zones of violence, Aydin and Emrence show why Kurds and Kurdish territories have followed different political trajectories, guaranteeing continued strife between Kurdish insurgents and the Turkish state in an area where armed groups organized along ethnic lines have battled the central state since Ottoman times. Aydin and Emrence present the first empirical analysis of Kurdish insurgency, relying on original data. These new datasets include information on the location, method, timing, target, and outcome of more than ten thousand insurgent attacks and counterinsurgent operations between 1984 and 2008. Another data set registers civilian unrest in Kurdish urban centers for the same period, including nearly eight hundred incidents ranging from passive resistance to active challenges to Turkey's security forces. The authors argue that both state agents and insurgents are locked into particular tactics in their conduct of civil war and that the inability of combatants to switch from violence to civic politics leads to a long-running stalemate. Such rigidity blocks negotiations and prevents battlefield victories from being translated into political solutions and lasting agreements.

KURDS--TURKEY --- KURDS--TURKEY--HISTORY--AUTONOMY AND INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS --- Kurds --- Ethnic conflict --- Ethnology --- Iranians --- Conflict, Ethnic --- Ethnic violence --- Inter-ethnic conflict --- Interethnic conflict --- Ethnic relations --- Social conflict --- History --- Autonomy and independence movements. --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê. --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- PKK --- Kurdish Workers' Party --- Worker's Party of Kurdistan --- Apocular (Organization) --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Partiya Karkerén Kürdistan --- Ergatiko Komma tou Kourdistan --- Kurdistan Isci Partisi --- Partito kurdo dei lavoratori --- Partito comunista kurdo --- Partî Kirêkaranî Kurdistan --- KİP --- Ḥizb al-ʻUmmāl al-Kūrdistānī --- Kongreya Azadî û Demokrasiya Kurdistan --- Turkey --- Ethnic relations.

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The definitive introduction to the Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan (PKK, Kurdistan Workers' Party) in Turkey.

Government, Resistance to --- Kurds --- Civil resistance --- Non-resistance to government --- Resistance to government --- Political science --- Political violence --- Insurgency --- Nonviolence --- Revolutions --- Civil rights --- Partiya Karkercên Kurdistanê. --- Revolutionary groups & movements --- Politics and government --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê. --- Turkey --- Ethnic relations. --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- PKK --- Kurdish Workers' Party --- Worker's Party of Kurdistan --- Apocular (Organization) --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Partiya Karkerén Kürdistan --- Ergatiko Komma tou Kourdistan --- Kurdistan Isci Partisi --- Partito kurdo dei lavoratori --- Partito comunista kurdo --- Partî Kirêkaranî Kurdistan --- KİP --- Ḥizb al-ʻUmmāl al-Kūrdistānī --- Kongreya Azadî û Demokrasiya Kurdistan --- Political resistance --- 1900-1999

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The Kurds, who number some 25 million people in the Middle East, have no country they can call their own. Long ignored by the West, Kurds are now highly visible actors on the world's political stage. More than half of them live in Turkey, where the Kurdish struggle has gained new strength and attention since the U.S. overthrow of Saddam Hussein in neighboring Iraq. Essential to understanding modern-day Kurds-and their continuing demands for an independent state-is understanding the PKK, the Kurdistan Workers Party. A guerilla force that was founded in 1978 by a small group of ex-Turkish university students, the PKK radicalized the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, becoming a tightly-organized, well-armed fighting force of some 15,000, with a 50,000-member civilian militia in Turkey and tens of thousands of active backers in Europe. The war they waged in Turkey through 1999 left nearly 40,000 people dead and drew in the neighboring states Iran, Iraq and Syria, which all sought to use the PKK for their own purposes. Since 2004, emboldened by Iraqi Kurds who have established a near-autonomous Kurdish land in the northernmost reaches of Iraq, the PKK has again turned to violence to meet its objectives. Blood and Belief combines reportage and scholarship to give the first, in-depth account of the PKK. Aliza Marcus, one of the first Western reporters to meet with PKK rebels, wrote about their war for many years for a variety of prominent publications before being put on trial in Turkey for her reporting. Based on her interviews with PKK rebels and their supporters and opponents throughout the world-including the Palestinians who trained them, the intelligence services that tracked them, and the dissidents who tried to break them up-Marcus provides an in-depth account of this influential radical group.

Kurds --- Kurdes --- History --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Histoire --- Autonomie et mouvements indépendantistes --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- Turkey --- Turquie --- Ethnic relations. --- Relations interethniques --- Kurds -- Turkey -- History -- Autonomy and independence movements. --- Partiya Karkere^n Kurdistane^ -- History. --- Turkey -- Ethnic relations. --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Balkan Peninsula --- Autonomy and independence movements. --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê --- History. --- Autonomie et mouvements indépendantistes --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê. --- History&delete& --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- PKK --- Kurdish Workers' Party --- Worker's Party of Kurdistan --- Apocular (Organization) --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Partiya Karkerén Kürdistan --- Ergatiko Komma tou Kourdistan --- Kurdistan Isci Partisi --- Partito kurdo dei lavoratori --- Partito comunista kurdo --- Partî Kirêkaranî Kurdistan --- KİP --- Ḥizb al-ʻUmmāl al-Kūrdistānī --- Ethnology --- Iranians --- Kongreya Azadî û Demokrasiya Kurdistan --- National movements --- Kurdistan --- Iran --- Iraq --- Syria