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Transitional justice - the act of reckoning with a former authoritarian regime after it has ceased to exist - has direct implications for democratic processes. Mechanisms of transitional justice have the power to influence who decides to go into politics, can shape politicians' behavior while in office, and can affect how politicians delegate policy decisions. However, these mechanisms are not all alike: some, known as transparency mechanisms, uncover authoritarian collaborators who did their work in secret while others, known as purges, fire open collaborators of the old regime. After Authoritarianism analyzes this distinction in order to uncover the contrasting effects these mechanisms have on sustaining and shaping the qualities of democratic processes. Using a highly disaggregated global transitional justice dataset, the book shows that mechanisms of transitional justice are far from being the epilogue of an outgoing authoritarian regime, and instead represent the crucial first chapter in a country's democratic story.

Authoritarianism. --- Transitional justice. --- Democratization. --- Political purges. --- Lustration (Political purges) --- Political parties --- Political party purges --- Purges, Political --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- Justice --- Human rights --- Authority --- Purges

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How do transitional democracies deal with officials who have been tainted by complicity with prior governments? Should they be excluded or should they be incorporated into the new system? In Lustration and Transitional Justice, Roman David examines major institutional innovations that developed in Central Europe following the collapse of communist regimes. While the Czech Republic approved a lustration (vetting) law based on the traditional method of dismissals, Hungary and Poland devised alternative models that granted their tainted officials a second chance in exchange for truth. David classifies personnel systems as exclusive, inclusive, and reconciliatory; they are based on dismissal, exposure, and confession, respectively, and they represent three major classes of transitional justice.David argues that in addition to their immediate purposes, personnel systems carry symbolic meanings that help explain their origin and shape their effects. In their effort to purify public life, personnel systems send different ideological messages that affect trust in government and the social standing of former adversaries. Exclusive systems may establish trust at the expense of reconciliation, while inclusive and reconciliatory systems may promote both trust and reconciliation.In spite of its importance, the topic of inherited personnel has received only limited attention in research on transitional justice and democratization. Lustration and Transitional Justice is the first attempt to fill this gap. Combining insights from cultural sociology and political psychology with the analysis of original experiments, historical surveys, parliamentary debates, and interviews, the book shows how perceptions of tainted personnel affected the origin of lustration systems and how dismissal, exposure, and confession affected trust in government, reconciliation, and collective memory.

Transitional justice --- Democratization --- Political purges --- Lustration (Political purges) --- Political parties --- Political party purges --- Purges, Political --- Justice --- Human rights --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- Purges --- Poland --- Hungary --- Czech Republic --- Česká republika --- ČR --- Tschechische Republik --- Česko --- Czechia --- チェコ --- Cheko --- チェコ共和国 --- Cheko Kyōwakoku --- Tschechien --- Tschechenland --- Tschechei --- République tchèque --- República Checa --- Chequia --- Txèquia‏ --- Txeca --- República Txeca --- Češka --- Czech Socialist Republic (Czechoslovakia) --- Czechoslovakia --- Politics and government --- Political Science. --- Public Policy.

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Factionalism is widely understood to be a distinguishing characteristic of Chinese politics. In this book, first published in 2000, Jing Huang examines the role of factionalism in leadership relations and policy-making. His detailed knowledge of intra-party politics offers an alternative understanding of still-disputed struggles behind the high walls of leadership in Zhongnanhai. Huang traces the development of factional politics from its roots in the 'mountaintops' and the enduring impact of the personal bonds formed between Mao and his supporters at the Yan'an Round Table. Critiquing the predominant theories on leadership and decision-making, he explains that it is not power struggles that give rise to factionalism, but rather the existence of 'factionalism that turns power into an overriding goal in CCP politics'. Huang explains why policy outcomes switched constantly between 'Left-adventurism' and 'Right-conservatism' under Mao's reign and between 'emancipation of mind' and 'socialist spiritual civilization' in the Deng era.

Political purges --- Lustration (Political purges) --- Political parties --- Political party purges --- Purges, Political --- Purges --- Zhongguo gong chan dang --- Zhong guo gong chan dang --- Chung-kuo kung chʻan tang --- Chūgoku Kyōsantō --- Chungguk Kongsandang --- 中国共产党 --- 中國共產黨 --- КПК --- KPK --- Komunistická strana Číny --- Komunistička partija Kine --- Communist Party of China --- Chinese Communist Party --- Communist Party (China) --- Gong chan dang (China) --- 共产党 (China) --- Коммунистическая партия Китая --- Kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ Kitai︠a︡ --- Shina Kyōsantō --- Китайска комунистическа партия --- Kitaĭska komunisticheska partii︠a︡ --- Partido Comunista de China --- PCCh --- Parti communiste chinois --- CCP --- Partito comunista cinese --- KPCh --- Kommunistische Partei Chinas --- К.П.К. --- K.P.K. --- CPC --- C.C.P. --- Partia Komuniste të Kinës --- Đảng cộng sản Trung quốc --- Zhong gong --- 中共 --- Pcc --- P.C. Chino --- ХКН --- KhKN --- Хятадын Коммунист нам --- Khi︠a︡tadyn Kommunist nam --- History. --- China --- Politics and government --- Social Sciences --- Political Science

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Ideologieën --- Idéologies --- Politiek --- Politique --- Tchécoslovaquie --- Tsjechoslowakije --- History of Eastern Europe --- Prague --- Political purges --- Trials (Political crimes and offenses) --- --1948-1954 --- --Procès --- 340.096 --- 943.7 --- -Trials (Political crimes and offenses) --- -340.096 --- 943.7<1952> --- Lustration (Political purges) --- Political party purges --- Purges, Political --- Beroemde processen. --- Geschiedenis van Tsjechoslowakije --- -Purges --- -Political purges --- -Czechoslovakia --- 943.7 Geschiedenis van Tsjechoslowakije --- 340.096 Beroemde processen. --- -History of Eastern Europe --- History --- Political parties --- Czechoslovakia --- Chekhoslovakii︠a︡ --- Czechosłowacja --- Československá socialistická republika --- Czechoslovak Socialist Republic --- Chekhoslovat︠s︡kai︠a︡ Sot︠s︡ialisticheskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Čehoslovakija --- CSRS --- ČSSR --- Tschechoslowakei --- Tsjekkoslovakia --- Tsechoslobakia --- Tshīkūslūfākiyā --- Československo --- Československa republika --- Tchécoslovaquie --- Csehszlovákia --- Ceho-Slovacia --- ČSR --- Chieh-kʻo-ssu-lo-fa-kʻo --- Chieh-kʻo-ssu-lo-fa-kʻo she hui chu i kung ho kuo --- C.S.R.S. --- Č.S.S.R. --- Č.S.R. --- Cecoslovacchia --- Checoslovaquia --- Tschechische Sozialistische Republik --- Ts'ekhoslovaḳyah --- Czech and Slovak Federal Republic --- Česká a Slovenská Federativní Republika --- Česká a Slovenská Federatívna Republika --- Cseh-Szlovákia --- ČSFR --- ChSSR --- ChSFR --- Republika československa --- Češkoslovaška --- Czecho-Slovakia --- Politics and government --- anno 1950-1959 --- Political crimes and offenses --- Beroemde processen --- Purges --- --History --- 943.7 History of Czechoslovakia --- History of Czechoslovakia --- Political purges - Czechoslovakia - History - 20th century --- Trials (Political crimes and offenses) - Czechoslovakia - History - 20th century --- Procès --- Czechoslovakia - Politics and government - 1945-1992 --- Procès politiques --- 1945-1970 --- Politique et gouvernement --- 1945-1968

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Inventing the Enemy uses stories of personal relationships to explore the behaviour of ordinary people during Stalin's terror. Communist Party leaders strongly encouraged ordinary citizens and party members to 'unmask the hidden enemy' and people responded by flooding the secret police and local authorities with accusations. By 1937, every workplace was convulsed by hyper-vigilance, intense suspicion and the hunt for hidden enemies. Spouses, co-workers, friends and relatives disavowed and denounced each other. People confronted hideous dilemmas. Forced to lie to protect loved ones, they struggled to reconcile political imperatives and personal loyalties. Workplaces were turned into snake pits. The strategies that people used to protect themselves - naming names, pre-emptive denunciations, and shifting blame - all helped to spread the terror. Inventing the Enemy, a history of the terror in five Moscow factories, explores personal relationships and individual behaviour within a pervasive political culture of 'enemy hunting'.

Factories --- Interpersonal relations --- Political culture --- Political purges --- State-sponsored terrorism --- Working class --- History. --- Social aspects --- Stalin, Joseph, --- Kommunističeskaja partija Sovetskogo Sojuza --- Purges --- Soviet Union --- Moscow (Russia) --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- Factory buildings --- Industrial plants --- Manufacturing plants --- Mills (Buildings) --- Plants (Industrial buildings) --- Factory system --- Industrial buildings --- Mills and mill-work --- Workshops --- Human relations --- Interpersonal relationships --- Personal relations --- Relations, Interpersonal --- Relationships, Interpersonal --- Social behavior --- Social psychology --- Object relations (Psychoanalysis) --- Government violence --- Governmental violence --- State-sponsored violence --- State terrorism --- Violence, Governmental --- Violence, State-sponsored --- Political atrocities --- Terrorism --- Culture --- Political science --- Lustration (Political purges) --- Political parties --- Political party purges --- Purges, Political --- Kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ Sovetskogo Soi︠u︡za --- Communist Party of the Soviet Union --- Communist Party of USSR --- CPSU --- Đảng cộng sản Liên xô --- Kamunistychnai︠a︡ partyi︠a︡ Savetskaha Sai︠u︡za --- KKSE --- Kommounistikon Komma tēs Sobietikēs Henōseōs --- Kommunistische Partei der Sowjet Union --- Komunistička partija Sovjetskog Saveza --- Komunistická strana Sovětského svazu --- Komunistychna partii︠a︡ Radi︠a︡nsʹkoho Soi︠u︡zu --- Komunistyczna Partia Związku Radzieckiego --- KPdSU --- KPR --- KPRS --- KPSS --- KPZR --- KSSS --- KSSZ --- Miflagah ha-ḳomunisṭit shel Berit-ha-Moʻatsot --- Neuvostoliiton kommunistinen puolue --- NKP --- NLKP --- Nõukogude Liidu Kommunistlik Partei --- Partai Komunis Uni Sovjet --- Parti communiste de l'Union soviétique --- Partido Comunista de la Unión Soviética --- Partido Comunista Ruso --- Partito comunista Unione sovietica --- PCUS --- Phō̜kō̜sō̜sō̜ --- PKUS --- Rokoku Kyōsantō --- Roshia Kyōsantō --- Rosia Kongsandang --- Sabčotʻa Kavširis Komunisturi Partia --- SKKP --- SMKK --- SMKP --- Sobieto Kyōsantō --- Soren Kyōsantō --- Sorenpō Kyōsantō --- Sov. IKP --- Sovet Ittifagy Kommunist Partii̐asy --- Sovetakan Miutʻian Komunistakan Kusaktsʻutʻyun --- Sovetakan Miutʻian Komunistakan Partia --- Soviet Communist Party --- Soviet Union. --- Sōviyata Saṅghakī Kamyunisṭa Pārṭī --- Sovjetunionens kommunistiska parti --- Sovyetler Birliği Komünist Partisi --- Su-lien kung chʻan tang --- SUKP --- SZKP --- Szovjetunió Kommunista Pártja --- U̇mum Ittifag Kommunist Partii︠a︡sy --- Zenrenpō Kyōsantō --- ZKhUKN --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Ulsyn Kommunist Nam --- Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза --- אלקפ (ב) --- מפלגה הקומוניסטית של ברית־המועצות --- 蘇聯共產黨 --- Kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii --- Kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ RSFSR --- Vsesoi︠u︡znai︠a︡ kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ (bolʹshevikov) (1925-1952) --- Vsesoi︠u︡znai︠a︡ kommunisticheskai︠a︡ partii︠a︡ (bolʹshevikov) (1991- ) --- Moskva (Russia) --- Москвa (Russia) --- Moscou (Russia) --- Moskau (Russia) --- Moscú (Russia) --- Moskova (Russia) --- Moscha (Russia) --- Moszkva (Russia) --- Moskav (Russia) --- Moskwa (Russia) --- Moscow (R.S.F.S.R.) --- Mosike (Russia) --- Mo-ssu-kʻo (Russia) --- 莫斯科 (Russia) --- Pravitelʹstvo Moskvy (Russia) --- Правительство Москвы (Russia) --- Maskva (Russia) --- Mosḳṿe (Russia) --- Mosca (Russia) --- Moscova (Russia) --- Māsko (Russia) --- Moscow --- Масква (Russia) --- Μόσχα (Russia) --- Moscfa (Russia) --- Mūskū (Russia) --- موسکو (Russia) --- History --- Arts and Humanities