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With the victory of Donald Trump in the 2016 United States presidential election, populists have come to power in the US for the first time in many years. However, US political scientists have been flat-footed in their response, failing to anticipate or measure populism's impact on the campaign or to offer useful policy responses. In contrast, populism has long been an important topic of study for political scientists studying other regions, especially Latin America and Europe. The conceptual and theoretical insights of comparativist scholars can benefit Americanists, and applying their techniques can help US scholars and policymakers place events in perspective.

Populism --- Political science --- History. --- United States --- Politics and government --- Populism - United States --- Presidents - United States - Election - 2016 --- Presidents

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"Imagine a strategy memo forecasting cyberattacks by Russian hackers, trolls, and bots designed to roil social discontent and damage the electoral prospects of a major party US presidential nominee, or, if she winds up winning, to sabotage her ability to govern by seeding allegations of Democratic voter fraud. Guaranteed payoff. No fingerprints. No keystroke record. No contrails in the cloud. To ensure that Americans would believe that disparaging messages about her were made in the US, use bitcoin to buy space and set up virtual private networks (VPNs) on American servers. Distribute hacked content stolen from the accounts of her staff and associates through an intermediary, WikiLeaks. Use identity theft, stolen Social Security numbers, and appropriated IDs to circumvent Facebook and PayPal's demand for actual names, birth dates, and addresses. On platforms such as Instagram and Twitter, register under assumed names. Diffuse and amplify your attack and advocacy through posts on Facebook, tweets and retweets on Twitter, videos on YouTube, reporting and commentary on RT, blogging on Tumblr, news sharing on Reddit, and viral memes and jokes on 9GAG. Add to the mix a video game called Hilltendo in which a missile-straddling Clinton figure vaporizes classified emails sought by the FBI. Employ "online agitators" and bots to upvote posts from imposter websites such as BlackMattersUS.com to the top of such subreddits as r/The_Donald and r/HillaryForPrison. Drive content to trend. To maximize the impact of your handiwork, use data analytics and search-engine maximization tools built into the social media platforms. To test and fuel doubts about the security of US voter information, hack the election systems of states. And, throughout the primary and general election season, insinuate the notion that if Hillary Clinton were to win, she would have done so by rigging the election, an outcome that would repay her assaults on the legitimacy of their leader's presidency with doubts about her own. Were she instead to lose, she would no longer be a thistle in the toned torso of the hackers and trolls' boss's likely boss. Every result but one produces desirable results for the Kremlin. Outcome one: Clinton is off the international stage. Outcome two: she wins but can't govern effectively. Outcome three: the former Secretary of State is elected and the country simply moves on, but the sabotage nonetheless has magnified cultural tensions and functioned as a pilot from which to birth later success - perhaps when she runs for a second term. The only eventuality that damages the Russian cybersoldiers and their commander-in-chief is the fourth in which, in real time, the cyberattackers are unmasked by a vigilant intelligence community, condemned by those in both major political parties and around the world, characterized by the media as spies and saboteurs, the Russian messaging is blocked or labeled as Russian propaganda, and, when included in media accounts, the stolen content is relentlessly tied to its Russian origins and sources. None of that happened. Instead, to the surprise of the Russian masterminds as well as both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, he won the Electoral College and with it a four-year claim on 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Although countrywide she bested him by almost 2.9 million votes, he unexpectedly captured an Electoral College majority by running the table. By the end of the evening of November 8, Florida as well as Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania were in his column. The ways in which Russian hacking and social media messaging altered the content of the electoral dialogue and contributed to Donald Trump's victory are the subjects of this book. To begin my exploration, this overview chapter will highlight key findings of the US intelligence community; preview my focus on the hackers and trolls and the synergies between them; justify casting the Russian machinations as acts of cyberwar; outline ways in which susceptibilities in our system of government and media structures magnified their effects; and note five presuppositions that will shape my analysis of the Russian trolls' work and one that will guide my study of the effects of the hackers."--

Political sociology --- Polemology --- Mass communications --- anno 2010-2019 --- Russia --- United States --- Presidents --- Elections --- Election --- Corrupt practices --- Trump, Donald, --- Russia (Federation) --- Foreign relations --- Presidents - United States - Election - 2016. --- Elections - Corrupt practices - United States. --- Trump, Donald, - 1946 --- -Russia (Federation) - Foreign relations - United States. --- United States - Foreign relations - Russia (Federation) --- United States of America --- -Russia (Federation)

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"It has been called the political crime of the century: a foreign government, led by a brutal authoritarian leader, secretly interfering with the American presidential election to help elect the candidate of its choice. Now two-time Pulitzer Prize-winning Washington Post national security reporter Greg Miller investigates the truth about the Kremlin's covert attempt to destroy Hillary Clinton and help Donald Trump win the presidency, Trump's steadfast allegiance to Vladimir Putin, and Robert Mueller's ensuing investigation of the president and those close to him. Based on interviews with hundreds of people in Trump's inner circle, current and former government officials, individuals with close ties to the White House, members of the law enforcement and intelligence communities, foreign officials, and confidential documents, The Apprentice offers striking new information about: the hacking of the Democrats by Russian intelligence; Russian hijacking of Facebook and Twitter; National Security Adviser Michael Flynn's hidden communications with the Russians; the attempt by Jared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law, to create a secret back channel to Moscow using Russian diplomatic facilities; Trump's disclosure to Russian officials of highly classified information about Israeli intelligence operations; Trump's battles with the CIA and the FBI and fierce clashes within the West Wing; Trump's efforts to enlist the director of national intelligence and the director of the National Security Agency to push back against the FBI's investigation of his campaign; the mysterious Trump Tower meeting; the firing of FBI Director James Comey; the appointment of Mueller and the investigation that has followed; the tumultuous skirmishing within Trump's legal camp; and Trump's jaw-dropping behavior in Helsinki. Deeply reported and masterfully told, The Apprentice is essential reading for anyone trying to understand Vladimir Putin's secret operation, its catastrophic impact, and the nature of betrayal."--Jacket.

Presidents --- Political campaigns --- Election --- History --- Trump, Donald, --- United States --- Russia (Federation) --- Foreign relations --- Hacking --- Propaganda, Russian --- Governmental investigations --- Verenigde Staten --- POLITICAL SCIENCE --- Diplomatic relations. --- Political campaigns. --- Geschiedenis --- 21e eeuw --- American Government --- Executive Branch. --- Corruption & Misconduct. --- Election. --- Presidents - United States - Election - 2016. --- Political campaigns - United States - History - 21st century. --- Trump, Donald, - 1946 --- -United States - Foreign relations - Russia (Federation) --- Russia (Federation) - Foreign relations - United States. --- -United States

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 This book assembles six chapters by respected and emerging scholars in political science and communication to produce a first sustained look at Twitter's role in the 2016 US Presidential Election. While much attention has already been paid to Trump's use of Twitter as a phenomenon—how it helps drive news cycles, distracts attention from other matters, or levies attacks against rivals, the news media, and other critics—there has been little scholarly analysis of the impact Twitter played in the actual election. These chapters apply an impressive diversity of theoretical explanations and methodological approaches to explore how this new technology shaped an American election, and what impact it could have in the future. .

Presidents --- Online social networks --- Election --- Political aspects --- Twitter --- United States --- Politics and government --- Electronic social networks --- Social networking Web sites --- Social media --- Social networks --- Sociotechnical systems --- Web sites --- Presidency --- Heads of state --- Executive power --- Elections. --- United States-Politics and gover. --- Political communication. --- Electoral Politics. --- US Politics. --- Political Communication. --- Political communication --- Political science --- Electoral politics --- Franchise --- Polls --- Politics, Practical --- Plebiscite --- Political campaigns --- Representative government and representation --- United States—Politics and government. --- Presidents - United States - Election - 2016 --- Online social networks - Political aspects - United States --- United States - Politics and government - 2009-2017 --- America --- Communication in politics. --- American Politics. --- Politics and government.

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Presidents --- Political campaigns --- Communication in politics --- Political participation --- Internet in political campaigns --- Internet --- Mass media --- Political culture --- Election --- Technological innovations --- Political aspects --- United States --- Politics and government --- Presidenten --- Politieke participatie --- Politieke cultuur --- Verenigde Staten --- Verkiezing --- 2016 --- Technologische nieuwigheden --- 21e eeuw --- Presidents - United States - Election - 2016. --- Political campaigns - United States --- Communication in politics - United States --- Political participation - Technological innovations - United States --- Communication in politics - Technological innovations - United States --- Internet in political campaigns - United States --- Internet - Political aspects - United States --- Mass media - Political aspects - United States --- Political culture - United States - 21st century --- United States - Politics and government - 2009-2017