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Mothers --- Maternal health services --- Women, Black --- Racism in medicine --- Mortality --- Medical care

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Mothers --- Maternal health services --- Women, Black --- Racism in medicine --- Mortality --- Medical care

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"In this sweeping history of reproductive surgery in Mexico, Elizabeth O'Brien traces the interstices of religion, reproduction, and obstetric racism from the end of the Spanish empire through the post-revolutionary 1930s. Examining medical ideas about operations (including cesarean section, abortion, hysterectomy, and eugenic sterilization), Catholic theology, and notions of modernity and identity, O'Brien argues that present-day claims about fetal personhood are rooted in the use of surgical force against marginalized and racialized women. This history illuminates the theological, patriarchal, and epistemological roots of obstetric violence and racism today. O'Brien illustrates how ideas about maternal worth and unborn life developed in tandem. Eighteenth-century priests sought to save unborn souls through cesarean section, while nineteenth-century doctors aimed to salvage some unmarried women's social reputations via therapeutic abortion. By the twentieth century, eugenicists wished to regenerate the nation's racial profile, in part by sterilizing women in public clinics. The belief that medical interventions could redeem women, children, and the nation is what O'Brien refers to as 'salvation though surgery.' As operations acquired racial and religious significances, Indigenous, Afro-Mexican, and mixed-race people's bodies became sites for surgical experimentation. Even during periods of Church-state conflict, O'Brien argues, the religious valences of experimental surgery manifested in embodied expressions of racialized, and often-coercive, medical science"--

Obstetrics --- Women's health services --- Racism in medicine --- Human experimentation in medicine --- Involuntary treatment --- Surgery&delete& --- History --- Surgery --- Social aspects --- Religious aspects

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"Fusing science and social justice, renowned public health researcher Dr. Arline T. Geronimus offers an urgent book exploring the ways in which systemic injustice erodes the health of marginalized people"--

Equality --- Ethnic and Racial Minorities. --- Health Inequities. --- Health --- MEDICAL / Public Health. --- Poverty --- Poverty. --- Racism in medicine --- Racism in medicine. --- Racism --- Racism. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Disease & Health Issues. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Social Classes & Economic Disparity. --- Social Determinants of Health. --- Systemic Racism. --- Health aspects --- Health aspects. --- Social aspects --- Social aspects. --- United States. --- Sociology of health --- United States of America

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Pour lutter contre les stéréotypes racistes qui perdurent à l'égard des femmes et des hommes noirs dans la société française, il faut revenir à leurs origines. De la fin du XVIIIe siècle jusqu'au milieu du XXe, la littérature médicale a élevé au rang de vérité scientifique les préjugés raciaux sur les corps noirs : infériorité intellectuelle, résistance physique, prédominance des émotions ou encore hypersexualité. L'ouvrage de Delphine Peiretti-Courtis constitue une première enquête approfondie sur la façon dont fut traitée cette question dans les écrits spécialisés de la période : dictionnaires et traités médicaux, monographies sur les races humaines, rapports de missions coloniales. Elle documente ainsi l'apparition dans les sciences médicales françaises des théories raciales appliquées aux populations africaines, puis leur développement avant leur déclin. Elle éclaire les processus de racialisation du corps, du genre et de la sexualité des peuples d'Afrique. Dans une société où la science se substitue progressivement à la religion comme source du savoir, le schéma racialiste élaboré par les savants est ensuite conforté par le pouvoir politique pour servir le projet colonial : le corps devient un outil de la colonisation. En mettant en lumière les mécanismes de formation des stéréotypes ainsi que leur contestation progressive, cet ouvrage permet de comprendre comment les préjugés sont devenus des « savoirs » scientifiques, ancrés durablement dans les esprits, même après leur invalidation complète.

Physicians, Foreign --- Racism in medicine --- Imperialism --- Medical sciences --- Physical anthropology --- Black people --- Human body in popular culture. --- History. --- History. --- Health aspects --- History. --- History. --- History. --- Anthropometry --- History. --- Africa, French-speaking West --- Colonization --- Health aspects.