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Statins are currently used in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention for their lipid-lowering action. Other effects, indenpendent of their action on cholesterol, have more recently been allocated to statins.These include an effect on endothelial functionn stabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, anti-thrombotic effects and decreasing inflammation. All these positive actions have led to a growing interest for statins in other areas than cardiovascular prevention. The aim of this master's thesis is to evaluate rationally the scope that statins may ave in the areas. In the first part we analyse research about the use of statins in chronic cardiovascular prevention to determine if some effects could also be useful in the prevention of some cancers. Then, in the second part of this thesis, we will focus on the perioperative period. This period is at risk and implies many physiopathological changes. We must therefore assess whether literature data support the use of statins during this period, in cardiovascular prevention as well as in cancer recurrence. Les statines sont à l'heure actuelle utilisées en prévention cardiovasculaire primaire et secondaire pour leur action hypolipémiante. Plus récemment, d'autres effets, indépendants de leur action sur le cholestérol. leur ont été attribués. Il s'agit notamment d'un effet sur la fonction endothéliale, d'une stabilisation de la plaque d'athérosclérose. des effets sur les processus thrombot iques ainsi qu'un effet anti-inflammatoire. Ces différentes actions ont mené à un intérêt grandissant pour les statines dans d'autres domaines que la prévention cardiovasculaire.Le but de ce mémoire est d'évaluer de façon rationnel le la place que pourraient avoir les statines dans ces différents doma ines. Dans la première partie de ce mémoire,il s'agit d'évaluer en se basant sur les études à propos de l'util isation des statines en traitement chronique pour la prévention cardiovasculaire,si certains effets ne pourraient pas également être uti les en prévention de certains cancers. Ensu ite. dans la deuxième partie de ce mémoire. C'est à la période périopératoire que l'on sïntéressera. Cette période est une période à risques et comporte de nombreux changements physiopathologiques. Il s'agit donc d'évaluer si les données de la littérature supportent l'usage des statines durant cette période, et ce dans la prévention cardiovasculaire comme en prévention de récidive du cancer.

Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors --- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductases

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Enzymology --- Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductases --- 577.15 --- HMG-CoA reductases --- HMG-Coenzyme A reductases --- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductases --- Dehydrogenases --- 577.15 Enzymes. Catalysts of biological reactions. Enzymology --- Enzymes. Catalysts of biological reactions. Enzymology

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Cytochrome Reductases --- NADH Dehydrogenase --- NAD --- metabolism --- metabolism --- metabolism

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Ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase --- Ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. --- Ribonucleotide Reductases --- Inhibitors. --- antagonists and inhibitors.

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Over 25 million people in the U.S. alone have benefited from statins (such drugs as Lipitor, Zocor, Crestor, Pravachol) in preventing stroke, heart attack, and other forms of coronary heart disease. But how did these remarkable, life-saving drugs come into being? In Triumph of the Heart, Dr. Jie Jack Li, a medicinal chemist and expert on drug discovery, tells the fascinating story of statins. Drawn from interviews with many scientists involved in the discovery and development of these drugs, the book illuminates the human side of science by revealing the role played by persistence, luck, and sudden insight that characterise major discoveries.

Statins (Cardiovascular agents) --- Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductases --- Statin drugs --- Anticholesteremic agents --- Enzyme inhibitors --- History. --- Inhibitors --- Anticholesteremic agents. --- Anticholesterol drugs --- Antihypercholestermic agents --- Cholesterol inhibitors --- Cholesterol-lowering drugs --- Hypocholesteremic agents --- Antilipemic agents