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"Armed nonstate actors have received increasing attention since September 11th, 2001, both from scholars and from policy makers and soldiers--and with this attention has come a vibrant debate about whether nonstate civil warfare and insurgency is the future of war, and if so, how it should be countered. Yet underlying these debates is one crucial shared assumption: that states and nonstate actors fight very differently. Biddle upturns this distinction in How Nonstate Actors Fight, examining actual military methods to show that many nonstate actors now fight more "conventionally" than many states. Rather than a dichotomy, Biddle frames nonstate and state methods along a continuum and presents a systematic theory to explain any given nonstate actor's position on this spectrum. His theory emphasizes how actors' internal politics - especially their institutional maturity and war aims - determine their military choices. In doing so, Biddle bridges to largely opposing groups of scholarship: materialists who assume that material and structural constraints will lead nonstates to prefer irregular warfare, and culturalists who see nonstate warmaking as connected to social norms. Biddle integrates both materialist and cultural considerations into this theory, but emphasizes internal politics as the chief determinant of how any actor will fight. The first four chapters present Biddle's theory, and the next five test is across a range of historical examples, from Lebanon to Iraq to Somalia to Croatia to the Vietcong"--
Asymmetric warfare --- Admiral Jonathan Howe. --- Andrea Dew. --- Croatian Wars of Independence. --- Fabian. --- HV. --- Hezbollah. --- Insurgents, Terrorists and Militias. --- JAM. --- Jaish al-Mahdi. --- Militias. --- Napoleonic. --- SNA. --- SVK. --- Second Indochina War. --- Seth Jones. --- Somali National Alliance. --- Stathis Kalyvas. --- The Logic of Violence in Civil Warfare. --- Waging Insurgent Warfare. --- ZNG. --- asymmetric. --- collective action dilemmas. --- guerillas. --- internal political determinants. --- intrastate. --- material incentives. --- material inferiority. --- materialist theories. --- midspectrum warfare. --- specialist subunits. --- tribal culture. --- warfighting. --- warlords.
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Rape has long been a part of war, and recent conflicts in Bosnia, Rwanda, and Darfur demonstrate that it may be becoming an even more integral strategy of modern warfare. In contrast to the media attention to sexual violence against women in these recent conflicts, however, the incidence and consequences of rape in the Vietnam War have been largely overlooked. Using testimony, oral accounts, literature, and film, Ideologies of Forgetting focuses on the rape and sexual abuse of Vietnamese women by U.S. soldiers during the Vietnam war, and argues that the erasure and elision of these practices of sexual violence in the U.S. popular imagination perpetuates the violent masculinity central to contemporary U.S. military culture. Gina Marie Weaver claims that recognition of this violence is important not just for an accurate historical record, but also to truly understand the Vietnam veteran's trauma, which often stems from his aggression rather than his victimization.
War --- Vietnam Conflict. --- Rape. --- Crime Victims --- Rape victims --- Vietnam War, 1961-1975 --- Rape as a weapon of war --- Female rape victims --- Sexual abuse victims --- War rape --- War crimes --- Victimization --- Crime Victim --- Victim, Crime --- Victims, Crime --- Second Indochina War --- Viet Nam War --- Vietnamese Conflict --- Viet Nam Conflict --- Conflict, Viet Nam --- Conflict, Vietnam --- Conflict, Vietnamese --- Conflicts, Vietnamese --- Indochina War, Second --- Indochina Wars, Second --- Vietnamese Conflicts --- War, Second Indochina --- War, Viet Nam --- Wars, Second Indochina --- Wars, Viet Nam --- Wars --- Armed Conflict --- Conflict, Armed --- Conflicts, Armed --- ethical aspects --- Atrocities. --- History --- Geschichte 1961-1975.
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Vietnam War, 1961-1975 --- Medical care --- Military Medicine --- Vietnam Conflict. --- Vietnam Conflict --- Medicine --- History, 20th Century --- History, Modern 1601 --- -Health Occupations --- History --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Humanities --- Southeast Asia --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- Second Indochina War --- Viet Nam War --- Vietnamese Conflict --- Viet Nam Conflict --- Conflict, Viet Nam --- Conflict, Vietnam --- Conflict, Vietnamese --- Conflicts, Vietnamese --- Indochina War, Second --- Indochina Wars, Second --- Vietnamese Conflicts --- War, Second Indochina --- War, Viet Nam --- Wars, Second Indochina --- Wars, Viet Nam --- Delivery of health care --- Delivery of medical care --- Health care --- Health care delivery --- Health services --- Healthcare --- Medical and health care industry --- Medical services --- Personal health services --- Public health --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Medical Specialities --- Medical Specialties --- Medical Specialty --- Specialities, Medical --- Specialties, Medical --- Specialty, Medical --- Medical Speciality --- Speciality, Medical --- Health Workforce --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- Health Professions --- Health Occupation --- Health Profession --- Profession, Health --- Professions, Health --- Occupations --- Medicine, Military --- Medical care. --- History.
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"Because of continuing uncertainty about the long-term health effects of the sprayed herbicides on Vietnam veterans, Congress passed the Agent Orange Act of 1991. The legislation directed the Secretary of Veterans Affairs (VA) to request the Institite of Medicine to perform a comprehensive evaluation of scientific and medical information regarding the health effects of exposure to Agent Orange and other herbicides used in Vietnam to be followed by biennial updates. The 2010 update recommends further research of links between Vietnam service and specific health outcomes, most importantly COPD, tonsil cancer, melanoma, brain cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and paternally transmitted effects to offspring."--Publisher's description.
Agent Orange -- Health aspects. --- Agent Orange -- Toxicology. --- Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Veterans -- Health risk assessment -- United States. --- Agent Orange --- Vietnam War, 1961-1975 --- Asia, Southeastern --- Environmental Pollution --- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring --- Health --- North America --- Pesticides --- History, 20th Century --- History, Modern 1601 --- -Americas --- Asia --- Population Characteristics --- Toxic Actions --- Public Health --- Agrochemicals --- Heterocyclic Compounds --- Specialty Uses of Chemicals --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Geographic Locations --- History --- Health Care --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Environment and Public Health --- Geographicals --- Humanities --- Veterans Health --- Environmental Exposure --- Herbicides --- United States --- Vietnam --- Vietnam Conflict --- Dioxins --- Dioxin --- Second Indochina War --- Viet Nam War --- Vietnamese Conflict --- Viet Nam Conflict --- Conflict, Viet Nam --- Conflict, Vietnam --- Conflict, Vietnamese --- Conflicts, Vietnamese --- Indochina War, Second --- Indochina Wars, Second --- Vietnamese Conflicts --- War, Second Indochina --- War, Viet Nam --- Wars, Second Indochina --- Wars, Viet Nam --- Algaecides --- Algicides --- Algaecide --- Algicide --- Herbicide --- Plants --- Weed Control --- Exposure, Environmental --- Environmental Exposures --- Exposures, Environmental --- Sentinel Species --- Health, Veterans --- War Exposure --- Veterans --- Specialty Chemicals and Products --- Heterocyclic Compound --- Compound, Heterocyclic --- Compounds, Heterocyclic --- Polycyclic Compounds --- Agrichemicals --- Chemicals, Agricultural --- Agrichemical --- Agricultural Chemical --- Agricultural Chemicals --- Agrochemical --- Chemical, Agricultural --- Community Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Community --- Health, Public --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Environmental Pollutants, Noxae, and Pesticides --- Toxic Action --- Action, Toxic --- Actions, Toxic --- Population Heterogeneity --- Population Statistics --- Characteristic, Population --- Characteristics, Population --- Heterogeneity, Population --- Population Characteristic --- Statistics, Population --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Pesticide --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- Heterocyclic Cpds, 1-Ring --- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds --- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Cpds --- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1 Ring --- Heterocyclic Cpds, 1 Ring --- Pollution, Environmental --- Soil Pollution --- Pollution, Soil --- Environmental Pollutants --- Vietnam Conflict, 1961-1975 --- Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975 --- Vietnamese War, 1961-1975 --- Herbicide Orange --- Orange, Agent --- Orange, Herbicide --- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid --- Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid --- Health aspects --- Toxicology --- Health risk assessment --- War use --- -Population Characteristics --- Geography --- Factor, Geographic --- Factors, Geographic --- Geographic Factor --- Geographic Factors --- Geography, Human --- Human Geography --- Americas --- North Vietnam --- Viet Nam --- Vietnam, Republic of --- Southern Asia --- America --- Northern America --- Southeastern Asia --- Southeast Asia --- Military Health
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