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This is a collection of the late Heda Segvic's papers in ancient moral philosophy. At the time of her death at age forty-five in 2003, Segvic had already established herself as an important figure in ancient philosophy, making bold new arguments about the nature of Socratic intellectualism and the intellectual influences that shaped Aristotle's ideas. Segvic had been working for some time on a monograph on practical knowledge that would interpret Aristotle's ethical theory as a response to Protagoras. The essays collected here are those on which her reputation rests, including some that were intended to form the backbone of her projected monograph. The papers range from a literary study of Homer's influence on Plato's Protagoras to analytic studies of Aristotle's metaphysics and his ideas about deliberation. Most of the papers reflect directly or indirectly Segvic's idea that both Socrates' and Aristotle's universalism and objectivism in ethics could be traced back to their opposition to Protagorean relativism. The book represents the considerable achievements of one of the most talented scholars of ancient philosophy of her generation.

Ethics --- History. --- Action theory (philosophy). --- Agency (philosophy). --- Akrasia. --- Alcibiades. --- Allusion. --- Ambiguity. --- Analogy. --- Ancient philosophy. --- Apology (Plato). --- Aporia. --- Aristotelian ethics. --- Aristotelianism. --- Aristotle. --- Calculation. --- Callicles. --- Cambridge University Press. --- Causality. --- Chaerephon. --- Charmides (dialogue). --- Charmides. --- Concept. --- Contradiction. --- Critias (dialogue). --- Critias. --- David Wiggins. --- Determination. --- Dianoia. --- Discernment. --- Disposition. --- Ethics. --- Eudaimonia. --- Eudemian Ethics. --- Existence. --- Explanation. --- George Grote. --- Good and evil. --- Gorgias. --- Greek mythology. --- Hedonism. --- Hexis. --- Hippias. --- Homer. --- Human Action. --- Hypothesis. --- Inference. --- Inquiry. --- Intellectualism. --- Kantian ethics. --- Logos. --- Metaphor. --- Moral relativism. --- Morality. --- Nicomachean Ethics. --- Objectivity (philosophy). --- Pericles. --- Phaedo. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophical analysis. --- Philosophy. --- Phronesis. --- Plato. --- Platonic Academy. --- Platonic realism. --- Polus. --- Potentiality and actuality. --- Practical reason. --- Prodicus. --- Prohairesis. --- Protagoras. --- Rationalism. --- Rationality. --- Reason. --- Relativism. --- Republic (Plato). --- Rhetoric. --- Self-actualization. --- Socratic dialogue. --- Socratic method. --- Socratic. --- Sophism. --- Sophist (dialogue). --- Sophist. --- Subjectivity. --- Suggestion. --- Terence Irwin. --- The Death of Socrates. --- Theaetetus (dialogue). --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Thucydides. --- Treatise. --- Understanding. --- Value (ethics). --- Value judgment. --- Virtue. --- Voluntariness. --- Voluntary action. --- W. D. Ross. --- Writing.

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A boldly innovative study of nonverbal communication in the poetry and prose of Hellenic antiquityWhen a Gesture Was Expected encourages a deeper appreciation of ancient Greek poetry and prose by showing where a nod of the head or a wave of the hand can complete meaning in epic poetry and in tragedy, comedy, oratory, and in works of history and philosophy. All these works anticipated performing readers, and, as a result, they included prompts, places where a gesture could complete a sentence or amplify or comment on the written words. In this radical and highly accessible book, Alan Boegehold urges all readers to supplement the traditional avenues of classical philology with an awareness of the uses of nonverbal communication in Hellenic antiquity. This additional resource helps to explain some persistently confusing syntaxes and to make translations more accurate. It also imparts a living breath to these immortal texts.Where part of a work appears to be missing, or the syntax is irregular, or the words seem contradictory or perverse—without evidence of copyists' errors or physical damage—an ancient author may have been assuming that a performing reader would make the necessary clarifying gesture. Boegehold offers analyses of many such instances in selected passages ranging from Homer to Aeschylus to Plato. He also presents a review of sources of information about such gestures in antiquity as well as thirty illustrations, some documenting millennia-long continuities in nonverbal communication.

Greek literature --- Gesture in literature --- Nonverbal communication in literature. --- Body language in literature. --- Langage corporel dans la littérature --- Littérature grecque --- Gestes dans la littérature --- Langage du corps dans la littérature --- History and criticism. --- Histoire et critique --- Nonverbal communication in literature --- Body language in literature --- Gesture --- History and criticism --- History --- -Gesture in literature --- -Nonverbal communication in literature --- Balkan literature --- Byzantine literature --- Classical literature --- Classical philology --- Greek philology --- Mudra --- Acting --- Body language --- Elocution --- Movement (Acting) --- Oratory --- Sign language --- Nonverbal communication (Psychology) in literature --- Gesture in literature. --- History. --- Langage corporel dans la littérature --- Littérature grecque --- Gestes dans la littérature --- Langage du corps dans la littérature --- Greek literature - History and criticism --- Gesture - Greece - History --- Aeschylus. --- Agathon. --- Alcman. --- Allegory. --- Allusion. --- Andocides. --- Antithesis. --- Aorist. --- Aphorism. --- Aposiopesis. --- Aristophanes. --- Attempt. --- Author. --- Characterization. --- Concept. --- Conditional sentence. --- Consciousness. --- Consequent. --- Consideration. --- Contexts. --- Critias (dialogue). --- Critias. --- Decorum. --- Demonstrative. --- Demosthenes. --- Elaboration. --- Emblem. --- Epigram. --- Eudaimonia. --- Euripides. --- Euthyphro. --- Evocation. --- Explanation. --- Exposition (narrative). --- Facial expression. --- Fine art. --- Genre. --- Gesture. --- God. --- Gorgias. --- Haplography. --- Heliaia. --- Hermetica. --- Herodotus. --- Humour. --- Idealism. --- Illustration. --- Imagination. --- Inference. --- Irony. --- Laertes. --- Literal translation. --- Literature. --- Modal particle. --- Monadology. --- Narrative. --- Nicias. --- Nonverbal communication. --- Ontology. --- Ostanes. --- Parmenides. --- Parody. --- Philosophy. --- Phrase. --- Pindar. --- Plautus. --- Priam. --- Protagoras. --- Protasis. --- Publication. --- Punctuation. --- Quintilian. --- Quotation. --- Religion. --- Rhapsode. --- Rhetorical device. --- Sarpedon. --- Scholasticism. --- Scrutiny. --- Simulacrum. --- Sophist (dialogue). --- Sophist. --- Sophocles. --- Suggestion. --- Supplication. --- Sycophant. --- Tecmessa. --- Terence. --- Teucer. --- Theory of Forms. --- Thought. --- Thucydides. --- Timon of Phlius. --- Tiresias. --- To This Day. --- Treatise. --- Usage. --- Utterance. --- V. --- Verisimilitude.

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This fresh outlook on Socrates' political philosophy in Plato's early dialogues argues that it is both more subtle and less authoritarian than has been supposed. Focusing on the Crito, Richard Kraut shows that Plato explains Socrates' refusal to escape from jail and his acceptance of the death penalty as arising not from a philosophy that requires blind obedience to every legal command but from a highly balanced compromise between the state and the citizen. In addition, Professor Kraut contends that our contemporary notions of civil disobedience and generalization arguments are not present in this dialogue.

Socrates --- Political and social views. --- Analogy. --- Anytus. --- Apology (Plato). --- Argument from analogy. --- Argument from authority. --- Aristotle. --- Athenian Democracy. --- Attempt. --- Authoritarianism. --- Begging the question. --- Callicles. --- Categorical imperative. --- Charmides (dialogue). --- Civil disobedience. --- Clarke's three laws. --- Classical Athens. --- Consideration. --- Critias (dialogue). --- Critias. --- Criticism. --- Crito. --- Damascius. --- Deliberation. --- Democratic liberalism. --- Demosthenes. --- Doctrine of necessity. --- Doctrine. --- Dokimasia. --- Dynamism (metaphysics). --- Egocentrism. --- Epinomis. --- Ethics. --- Eudaimonia. --- Eudemian Ethics. --- Euripides. --- Euthydemus (dialogue). --- Euthyphro (prophet). --- Euthyphro. --- Explanation. --- Good and evil. --- Gorgias. --- Greek mythology. --- Hedonism. --- Hippias (tyrant). --- Hippias Minor. --- Hippias. --- In Defense of Anarchism. --- Isocrates. --- Jury. --- Kantianism. --- Liberalism. --- Meletus. --- Meno. --- Moral development. --- Morality. --- Necessity. --- Nicias. --- Obedience (human behavior). --- Objection (law). --- Parmenides. --- Philo of Byblos. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophical Studies. --- Philosophy of law. --- Philosophy. --- Piety. --- Plea. --- Plotinus. --- Political philosophy. --- Politics. --- Popular sovereignty. --- Prosecutor. --- Protagoras (dialogue). --- Protagoras. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Ratification. --- Reason. --- Relativism. --- Republic (Plato). --- Socrates. --- Socratic method. --- Socratic questioning. --- Solipsism. --- Sophist (dialogue). --- Sophist. --- Spinozism. --- Statute. --- Suggestion. --- The Death of Socrates. --- The Open Society and Its Enemies. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Thrasymachus. --- Trial of Socrates. --- Truism. --- Two Treatises of Government. --- Utilitarianism. --- Virtue. --- Working hypothesis.

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This volume makes available to the modern reader selected writings of Thomas Taylor, the eighteenth-century English Platonist. TO Taylor we are indebted for the first full translation into English of Plato and Aristotle. Platonism, as Taylor saw it, was an informing principle, transmitted through a "golden chain of philosophers," a doctrine received by Socrates and Plato from the Orphic and Pythagorean past and transmitted to the future. It emerged again and again, enriched in the School of Alexandria, in Renaissance art, in the works of Spenser, Shelley, Yeats. Kathleen Raine is well known as a poet. GEorge Mills Harper is Professor of English, University of Florida. Bollingen Series LXXXVIII.Originally published in 1969.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Philosophy. --- Alchemy. --- Allegory. --- Antithesis. --- Apuleius. --- Aristotle. --- Arnobius. --- Asclepius. --- Baconian method. --- Cambridge Platonists. --- Carthusians. --- Chaldean Oracles. --- Charmides (dialogue). --- Classicism. --- Claudian. --- Cratylus (dialogue). --- Cupid and Psyche. --- Democrates. --- Democritus. --- Dionysian Mysteries. --- Divine law. --- Eleusinian Mysteries. --- Epithet. --- Erudition. --- Explanation. --- First principle. --- Form of life (philosophy). --- George Meredith. --- Hegelianism. --- Henry Fuseli. --- Henry More. --- Hermetica. --- Hippias. --- Horace Walpole. --- Idealism. --- Isaac Casaubon. --- John Flaxman. --- Kabbalah. --- Kathleen Raine. --- Muse. --- Necromancy. --- Neoplatonism. --- Onomacritus. --- Oracle. --- Orphism (religion). --- Pandarus. --- Parmenides. --- Perennial philosophy. --- Phaedo. --- Phaedrus (dialogue). --- Phidias. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy of mind. --- Plato. --- Platonic Academy. --- Platonic Theology (Ficino). --- Platonic idealism. --- Platonism. --- Plotinus. --- Poetry. --- Polytheism. --- Positivism. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Profanum. --- Prudentius. --- Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Ralph Cudworth. --- Ralph Waldo Emerson. --- René Guénon. --- Republic (Plato). --- Romanticism. --- Ronald B. Levinson. --- Samuel Palmer. --- Samuel Taylor Coleridge. --- Scholasticism. --- Second Alcibiades. --- Sophist (dialogue). --- Spirituality. --- Stephen MacKenna. --- Stoicism. --- Superiority (short story). --- Supplication. --- Synesius. --- Syrianus. --- The Dissertation. --- The Hermetic Tradition. --- The Philosopher. --- The Soul of the World. --- The Transcendentalist. --- Theology. --- Theory. --- Theosophy. --- Thomas Love Peacock. --- Thomas Wentworth Higginson. --- Timaeus (dialogue). --- Transcendentalism. --- Treatise. --- Tyrtaeus. --- Writing.