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Sometimes tragedies that have little to distinguish them from a wide range of similar events and which can make no claim to record numbers of casualties or destructive impact go down in history as fundamental and emblematic. This is the case of two of the airstrikes discussed in this volume: Barcelona and Dresden. Other tragedies, however, are sometimes obscured by circumstances elsewhere. This is the case of the “other Guernicas”: that is to say, the bombings of Otxandio, Durango and Elorrio in Biscay. They are good examples not only of the brutality inherent in all wars and of how methods of combat become increasingly barbaric as conflicts wear on but also of the way in which some circumstances push events to the forefront of history and make them emblematic.

Bombing, Aerial. --- Terror. --- Spanish Civil War --- Second World War --- Germany --- Spain

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Sometimes tragedies that have little to distinguish them from a wide range of similar events and which can make no claim to record numbers of casualties or destructive impact go down in history as fundamental and emblematic. This is the case of two of the airstrikes discussed in this volume: Barcelona and Dresden. Other tragedies, however, are sometimes obscured by circumstances elsewhere. This is the case of the “other Guernicas”: that is to say, the bombings of Otxandio, Durango and Elorrio in Biscay. They are good examples not only of the brutality inherent in all wars and of how methods of combat become increasingly barbaric as conflicts wear on but also of the way in which some circumstances push events to the forefront of history and make them emblematic.

Bombing, Aerial. --- Terror. --- Spanish Civil War --- Second World War --- Germany --- Spain

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"Nearly 1700 Canadians volunteered to fight in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War, yet there is not a single biography of a Canadian participant. Little is written about the Canadian volunteers, there are only 4 non fiction books and Michael Petrou's "Renegades" is scholarly. Edward Cecil-Smith, the commander of the ostensibly Canadian Mackenzie Papineau Battalian provides not only a case study of these volunteers, but a dramatic depiction of life in Canada during the 1930s."--

Soldiers --- Cecil-Smith, E. --- Spain. --- 1936-1939 --- Canada. --- Canada --- Spain --- Social life and customs --- History --- Participation, Canadian. --- Great Depression. --- Spanish Civil War. --- communism. --- international brigades. --- national security. --- radicalisation.

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This book delves into the conceptual changes produced by the Spanish constitutional debate held between 27 August and 9 December 1931. Taking place at the beginning of Spain’s Second Republic, those parliamentary deliberations brought about significant novelties in the political vocabulary. Concepts such as democracy, sovereignty, reform, revolution, and freedom, among others, were re-signified. This study investigates the conceptual contributions made by Spanish MPs in the course of the constitutional debate of 1931 by assuming, as a research approach, an interdisciplinary stance combining conceptual history, political theory, and parliamentary constitutional history. By doing so, it selects five determining issues: the pervasive discussion about two competing meanings of a democratic state; the rhetorical uses of reform and revolution; conceptual controversies about religious freedom; the disputed idea of property rights; and the functions of parliament and the president of the republic in a semi-presidential regime. The constitutional debate was largely inspired by interwar European constitutionalism which constituent representatives used to update the Spanish constitutional tradition. With that goal in mind, this book is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students and scholars working in the fields of conceptual history, political philosophy, parliamentary history, European political history, and European constitutionalism.

Humanities --- General & world history --- European history --- Constitution of Cádiz;Cortes Constituyentes;Definitions of Democracy;José Ortega y Gasset;Manuel Azaña;Sir Paul Preston;Spain’s First Republic;Spain’s Second Republic;Spanish Civil War --- Spain. --- Spain --- Politics and government --- History

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St Josemaria Escriva --- the origins of Opus Dei --- the Spanish Civil War --- religious persecution --- God --- visions --- holiness for everyone --- Christianity --- 1928 --- the apostolate of the laity in the Church --- Pope John Paul II --- 6 october 2002