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The controversy surrounding targeted killings represents a crisis of conscience for policymakers, lawyers and philosophers grappling with the moral and legal limits of the war on terror. This text examines the legal and philosophical issues raised by government efforts to target suspected terrorists.

Targeted killing --- War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 --- War --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- War and morals --- Preemptive killing --- State-sponsored killing --- Homicide --- Law and legislation

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Political atrocities --- Targeted killing --- Death squads --- Anti-communist movements --- Indonesia --- History --- Anti-communist resistance --- Underground, Anti-communist --- Communism --- Assassins --- Vigilance committees --- Preemptive killing --- State-sponsored killing --- Homicide --- Atrocities --- Law and legislation

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A comprehensive analysis into the lawfulness of state-sponsored targeted killings under international human rights and humanitarian law, this book examines treaties, custom and general principles of law to determine the normative paradigms which govern the intentional use of lethal force against selected individuals in law enforcement and the conduct of hostilities. It alse addresses the relevance of the law of interstate force to targeted killings, and the interrelation of thevarious normative frameworks which may simultaneously apply to operations involving the use of lethal force. Through a

Targeted killing. --- Human rights. --- Law enforcement. --- Enforcement of law --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Preemptive killing --- State-sponsored killing --- Targeted killing --- Homicide --- Law and legislation --- Policing

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The book explores the main moral, ethical and operational dilemmas of targeted killings from an Israeli perspective. Even though many countries contending with terrorism have adopted this tool (either overtly or covertly) within the arsenal used in implementing their counter-terrorism policies, it seems that Israel, as one of the world's leading practitioner of targeted killing in its counter-terrorism effort, constitutes the most appropriate case study for reviewing implications and dilemmas associated with this practice. Each chapter will present a different ethical–moral–operational dilemma emanating from a deployment of a targeted killing. The analysis of Israeli considerations and solutions to these dilemmas is built around interviews with Israeli decision-makers, former senior security officials and other experts. The chapters also cover public opinion polls in order to highlight the views of the Israeli public vis-a-vis each dilemma. Finally, chapters will conclude with lessons learned and offer recommendations for a practical and moral solution. The final chapter then draws together universal conclusions and recommendations for the use of targeted killings. Boaz Ganor is Founder and Executive Director of the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT), and Ronald S. Lauder Chair for Counter-Terrorism at Reichman University in Israel. Liram Koblentz-Stenzler is a senior researcher and head of the Global Far-Right Extremism Desk at the International Institute for Counter Terrorism (ICT) at Reichman University, Israel.

Targeted killing. --- Preemptive killing --- State-sponsored killing --- Targeted killing --- Homicide --- Law and legislation --- Security, International. --- Middle East --- International law. --- Political ethics. --- International Security Studies. --- Middle Eastern Politics. --- Public International Law. --- Political Ethics. --- Politics and government. --- Ethics, Political --- Ethics in government --- Government ethics --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Ethics --- Civics --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Law --- Collective security --- International security --- International relations --- Disarmament --- International organization --- Peace --- Moral and ethical aspects

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Existing international law is capable to govern the “war on terror” also in the aftermath of September 11, 2001. The standards generally applicable to targeted killings are those of human rights law. Force may be used in order to address immediate threats, preventive killings are permitted under strict preconditions but targeted killings are prohibited. In the context of armed conflicts, these standards are complemented by international humanitarian law as lex specialis. Civilians may only be targeted while directly taking part in hostilities and posing a threat to the adversary. Also in Israel and the Occupied Territory, these standards apply. Contrary to the Israeli Supreme Court’s view, international humanitarian law is not complemented by human rights law, but human rights law is – to some degree – complemented by international humanitarian law. According to these standards, many killings which would be legal according to the Israeli Supreme Court violate international law.

Targeted killing (International law). --- International Law --- Law, Politics & Government --- Treaties, International --- Targeted killing. --- Targeted killing (International law) --- Humanitarian law. --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- Preemptive killing --- State-sponsored killing --- Targeted killing --- Law and legislation --- Law. --- Human rights. --- International humanitarian law. --- International criminal law. --- International Criminal Law. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Human Rights. --- War (International law) --- International law --- Homicide --- International Criminal Law . --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Criminal law, International --- ICL (International criminal law) --- Criminal law --- Criminal jurisdiction --- International crimes