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This study presents a semantic framework for analyzing all aspectual constructions in terms of the event state distinction, and describes the grammatical expression of aspectual meaning in terms of a theory of grammatical constructions. In this theory, grammatical constructions, like words, are conventionalized form-meaning pairs, which are best described not only with respect to their intrinsic semantic values, but also with respect to the functional oppositions in which they participate.

English language --- Grammar --- Espace et temps dans la langue --- Espace et temps dans le langage --- Expression de l'espace et du temps (Linguistique) --- Langage -- Expression de l'espace et du temps --- Ruimte en tijd in de taal --- Space and time in language --- Temps et espace dans le langage --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Space and time in language. --- Aspect (Linguistique) --- Temporalité (Linguistique) --- Temps (Linguistique) --- Aspect. --- Temporal constructions. --- Tense. --- 801.56 --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Temporalité (Linguistique) --- Language and languages --- Tense (Grammar) --- Temporal constructions (Grammar) --- Aspect (Linguistics) --- Aspect --- Temporal constructions --- Tense --- Syntax --- Verbal aspect --- Verb --- Grammar [Comparative and general ] --- Linguistics --- Philology

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Psycholinguistics --- Grammar --- #KVHA:Taalkunde --- 801.56 --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Cognition. --- Space and time in language. --- Typology (Linguistics). --- Cognitie --- Cognition --- Espace et temps dans la langue --- Espace et temps dans le langage --- Expression de l'espace et du temps (Linguistique) --- Langage -- Expression de l'espace et du temps --- Ruimte en tijd in de taal --- Space and time in language --- Temps et espace dans le langage --- Typologie (Linguistique) --- Typologie (Taalwetenschap) --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Language and languages --- Linguistic typology --- Linguistics --- Linguistic universals --- Psychology --- Typology --- Classification

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"Drawing on ideas from cognitive linguistics, connectionism, and perception, The Human Semantic Potential describes a connectionist model that learns perceptually grounded semantics for natural language in spatial terms. Languages differ in the ways in which they structure space, and Regier's aim is to have the model perform its learning task for terms from any natural language. The system has so far succeeded in learning spatial terms from English, German, Russian, Japanese, and Mixtec. The model views simple movies of two-dimensional objects moving relative to one another and learns to classify them linguistically in accordance with the spatial system of some natural language. The overall goal is to determine which sorts of spatial configurations and events are learnable as the semantics for spatial terms and which are not. Ultimately, the model and its theoretical underpinnings are a step in the direction of articulating biologically based constraints on the nature of human semantic systems. Along the way Regier takes up such substantial issues as the attraction and the liabilities of PDP and structured connectionist modeling, the problem of learning without direct negative evidence, and the area of linguistic universals, which is addressed in the model itself. Trained on spatial terms from different languages, the model permits observations about the possible bases of linguistic universals and interlanguage variation."

Lexicology. Semantics --- Psycholinguistics --- Cognitieve spraakkunst --- Cognitive grammar --- Connectionism --- Connectionisme --- Connectionnisme --- Connexionism --- Espace et temps dans la langue --- Espace et temps dans le langage --- Expression de l'espace et du temps (Linguistique) --- Grammaire cognitive --- Grammar [Cognitive ] --- Langage -- Expression de l'espace et du temps --- Linguistic models --- Linguïstische modellen --- Modèles linguistiques --- Ruimte en tijd in de taal --- Space and time in language --- Spraakkunst [Cognitieve ] --- Temps et espace dans le langage --- Space and time in language. --- Semantics --- Connectionism. --- Cognitive grammar. --- Linguistic models. --- Sémantique --- Connexionnisme --- Psychological aspects. --- Aspect psychologique --- -Space and time in language --- Language and languages --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Models, Linguistic --- Linguistics --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Cognition --- Cognitive linguistics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Psychological aspects --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Linguistique cognitive --- Psycholinguistique cognitive --- Sémantique --- Modèles linguistiques --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- LINGUISTICS & LANGUAGE/General

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Die Semantik räumlicher Ausdrücke gehört zu den zentralen Untersuchungsfeldern kognitiv orientierter Linguistik. Mit der Kombinatorik von Distanz- und Lokationsausdrücken existiert allerdings ein Bereich sprachlicher Phänomene, der bislang wenig und vor allem nicht adäquat behandelt worden ist. Die vorliegende Arbeit nimmt diesen Phänomenbereich als Ausgangspunkt für eine interdisziplinär angelegte kognitionswissenschaftliche Untersuchung zur Semantik räumlicher Ausdrücke. Es wird gezeigt, daß bisherige Ansätze aus den beteiligten Disziplinen (u.a. Linguistik, Psychologie, Künstliche-Intelligenz-Forschung) für die Behandlung dieser Phänomene grundsätzlich nicht eingerichtet sind. Es wird dafür argumentiert, daß dies auf eine mangelnde Unterscheidung impliziter und expliziter räumlicher Relationen zurückzuführen ist, wobei explizite Relationen als aufmerksamkeitsbasierte Repräsentanten der sog. "Mikroperspektivierung" räumlicher Repräsentationen rekonstruiert werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird unter Verwendung computerlinguistischer Methoden eine aufmerksamkeitsbasierte Semantik von räumlichen Präpositionen und Adjektiven sowie von Graduierungsausdrücken (vgl. z.B. mehr als 10 cm näher an) entwickelt, deren Erklärungsraum den genannten Phänomenbereich enthält. Die Untersuchung wirft so ein neues Licht auf die Schnittstelle zwischen sprachlichen und konzeptuellen Repräsentationen, die den Kern der lexikalischen Semantik darstellt.

Lexicology. Semantics --- Psycholinguistics --- Aandacht [Psychologie] --- Attention [Psychologie] --- Attention [Psychology] --- Cognitieve wetenschap --- Cognitive science --- Espace et temps dans la langue --- Espace et temps dans le langage --- Expression de l'espace et du temps (Linguistique) --- Langage -- Expression de l'espace et du temps --- Ruimte en tijd in de taal --- Sciences cognitives --- Space and time in language --- Temps et espace dans le langage --- Wetenschap [Cognitieve ] --- Semantics --- Attention --- Attention. --- Psycholinguistics. --- Semantics. --- Space and time in language. --- German language --- Concentration (Psychology) --- Flow (Psychology) --- Apperception --- Arousal (Physiology) --- Educational psychology --- Memory --- Psychology --- Thought and thinking --- Distraction (Psychology) --- Executive functions (Neuropsychology) --- Interest (Psychology) --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Language, Psychology of --- Psychology of language --- Speech --- Linguistics --- Psychological aspects