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An exploration of the concepts, basic theories and applications of nonadiabatic transition. Nonadiabatic transition is a multidisciplinary concept and phenomenon, constituting a fundamental mechanism of state and phase changes in various dynamical processes of physics, chemistry and biology.
Charge exchange. --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Charge transfer --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Nonadiabatic transition
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Nonadiabatic transition is a highly multidisciplinary concept and phenomenon, constituting a fundamental mechanism of state and phase changes in various dynamical processes of physics, chemistry and biology, such as molecular dynamics, energy relaxation, chemical reaction, and electron and proton transfer. Control of molecular processes by laser fields is also an example of time-dependent nonadiabatic transition. In this new edition, the original chapters are updated to facilitate enhanced understanding of the concept and applications. Three new chapters - comprehension of nonadiabatic chemica
Charge exchange. --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Charge transfer --- Collisions (Nuclear physics)
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Charge exchange --- Ion-atom collisions --- Echange de charge --- Collisions ion-atome --- 530.145 --- 539.18 --- Atom-ion collisions --- Ion-atom interactions --- Atoms --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Ions --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Charge transfer --- Quantum theory --- Physics of single atoms --- 539.18 Physics of single atoms --- 530.145 Quantum theory
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This book discusses recent progress in endohedral fullerenes – their production and separation techniques, as well as their characterization and properties. Furthermore, the book delves into the all-important issue of stability by investigating electron transfer between the encapsulated metal species and the carbon cage. It also reviews spin-based phenomena caused by the shielding of endohedral spin by the fullerene, and analyzes formation of the spin states by charge transfer as studied by electron spin resonance. Tuning of charge states of endohedral species and of spin states of both the cage and the cluster are explained. Finally, the book considers the recent discovery of magnetism in some endohedral fullerenes, and the potential for quantum computing.
Materials science. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Organometallic chemistry. --- Electrochemistry. --- Condensed matter. --- Nanotechnology. --- Materials Science. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Organometallic Chemistry. --- Fullerenes. --- Charge exchange. --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Charge transfer --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Carbon --- Chemistry. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Organic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Physical sciences --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Organometallic chemistry . --- Chemistry, Organometallic --- Metallo-organic chemistry --- Chemistry, Organic --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical
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This book describes in details the theory of the electron transport in the materials and structures at the basis of modern micro- and nano-electronics. It leads and accompanies the reader, through a step-by-step derivation of all calculations, from the basic laws of classical and quantum physics up to the most modern theoretical techniques, such as nonequilibrium Green functions, to study transport properties of both semiconductor materials and modern low-dimensional and mesoscopic structures.
Electron transport. --- Semiconductors -- Mathematical models. --- Semiconductors --- Electron transport --- Physics --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Atomic Physics --- Electrical Engineering --- Semiconductors. --- Charge exchange. --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Physics. --- Condensed matter. --- Engineering. --- Nanotechnology. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Engineering, general. --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Charge transfer --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Materials --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids
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This book offers a comprehensive introduction to electron-based bioscience, biotechnology, and biocorrosion. It both explains the importance of electron flow during metabolic processes in microorganisms and provides valuable insights into emerging applications in various fields. In the opening section, readers will find up-to-date information on topics such as electron transfer reactions, extracellular electron transfer mechanisms, direct interspecies electron transfer, and electron uptake by sulfate-reducing bacteria. The focus then shifts to state-of-the-art advances and applications in the field of biotechnology. Here, the coverage encompasses e.g. progress in understanding electrochemical interactions between microorganisms and conductive particles, enzymatic reactions and their application in the bioproduction of useful chemicals, and the importance of redox balance for fatty acid production. In closing, the book addresses various aspects of the complex phenomenon of microbiologically induced corrosion, highlighting novel insights from the fields of electromicrobiology and electrochemistry and their implications. .
Biomedical engineering. --- Biochemistry. --- Microbiology. --- Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine --- Composition --- Biotechnology. --- Charge exchange. --- Electrons. --- Corpuscular theory of matter --- Atoms --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Matter --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Cathode rays --- Ions --- Positrons --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Charge transfer --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Constitution --- Electrons --- Biotecnologia --- Biologia --- Enginyeria --- Antropometria --- Biosíntesi --- Biotecnologia agrícola --- Biotecnologia alimentària --- Biotecnologia farmacèutica --- Biotecnologia marina --- Biotecnologia microbiana --- Enginyeria bioquímica --- Enginyeria sanitària --- Ergonomia --- Indústries biotecnològiques --- Microbiologia industrial --- Reproducció assistida --- Bioreactors --- Àtoms --- Col·lisions (Física nuclear) --- Constitució de la matèria --- Electricitat --- Radioactivitat --- Conversions internes (Física nuclear) --- Efecte Auger --- Electrònica --- Fotoelectricitat --- Fotoelectrons --- Gas d'electrons --- Interaccions electró-positró --- Orbitals atòmics --- Plasma (Gasos ionitzats) --- Raigs beta --- Teoria de banda d'energia dels sòlids --- Transferència de càrrega --- Transport d'electrons --- Orbitals moleculars --- Neutrons --- Protons --- Raigs catòdics --- Teoria electromagnètica
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This volume presents an up-to-date survey of knowledge concerning addition type polymerizations. It contains nine chapters, each of which covers a particular basic term. Whenever necessary, the phenomena are discussed from the viewpoint of both stationary and non-stationary state of radical, ionic (i.e. anionic and cationic) and coordination polymerization. Special attention has been paid to the propagation process. It provides not only a general overview but also information on important special cases (theoretical conditions of propagation, influence of external factors, controlled propagatio
Chemical kinetics. --- Decomposition (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Inorganic. --- Organometallic compounds. --- Cinétique chimique. --- Chimie inorganique. --- Décomposition (chimie) --- Composés organométalliques. --- Excited state chemistry. --- Chimie des états excités. --- Esters. --- Hydrolysis. --- Hydrolyse. --- Aromatic compounds. --- Inorganic compounds. --- Nonmetals. --- Chemical reactions. --- Composés aromatiques. --- Réactions chimiques. --- Composés inorganiques. --- Non-métaux. --- Complex compounds. --- Salts --- Composés complexes. --- Sels --- Reactivity. --- Réactivité (chimie) --- Organic compounds. --- Isomerization. --- Composés organiques. --- Isomérisation. --- Electrodes --- Chemical reactions --- Electrochemistry --- Addition polymerization --- Chemical kinetics --- 541.135.5 --- chemische reactie --- elektrode --- kinetica --- 541.135.5 Electrodes and diaphragms, e.g. --- Electrodes and diaphragms, e.g. --- Addition polymerization. --- Chemical reaction, Kinetics of --- Chemical reaction, Rate of --- Chemical reaction, Velocity of --- Chemical reaction rate --- Chemical reaction velocity --- Kinetics, Chemical --- Rate of chemical reaction --- Reaction rate (Chemistry) --- Velocity of chemical reaction --- Chemical affinity --- Reactivity (Chemistry) --- Anionic polymerization --- Cationic polymerization --- Chain addition polymerization --- Chain-growth polymerization --- Free-radical polymerization --- Ionic polymerization --- Polymerization --- Reactions, Chemical --- Chemical processes --- Electric resistors --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- 530.145 --- 530.145 Quantum theory --- Quantum theory --- 678.02:66.095.2 --- 678.02:66.095.2 Manufacturing processes and operations-:-Chemical technology. Chemical and related industries--?.095.2 --- Manufacturing processes and operations-:-Chemical technology. Chemical and related industries--?.095.2 --- 541.183 --- Surface chemistry --- Catalysis --- Corrosion and anti-corrosives --- Solid-liquid interfaces --- Liquid-solid interfaces --- Interfaces (Physical sciences) --- Anti-corrosive paint --- Atmospheric corrosion --- Metal corrosion --- Metals --- Rust --- Rustless coatings --- Chemical inhibitors --- Chemistry, Technical --- Fouling --- Materials --- Weathering --- Paint --- Protective coatings --- Waterproofing --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Surface --- Interfaces, Chemistry of --- Surface phenomena --- Surfaces (Chemistry) --- Capillarity --- Surface energy --- Surface tension --- Surfaces (Physics) --- 541.183 Contact systems. Adsorption. Surface chemistry --- Contact systems. Adsorption. Surface chemistry --- Corrosion --- Deterioration --- Surfaces --- Chemical reaction [Rate of ] --- Diffusion. --- Gases --- Liquids --- Physics --- Separation (Technology) --- Solution (Chemistry) --- Solutions, Solid --- Matter --- Packed towers --- Semiconductor doping --- Diffusion --- Properties --- Electrodes. --- Electrochemistry. --- 541.124 --- 539.219.3 --- Charge exchange. --- Tunneling (Physics) --- Penetration probability --- Quantum mechanical tunneling --- Tunnel effect --- Electric conductivity --- Solids --- Electron transfer --- Exchange, Charge --- Transfer, Electron --- Charge transfer --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Chemical reaction, Conditions and laws of --- 539.219.3 Diffusion. Autodiffusion --- Diffusion. Autodiffusion --- 541.124 Chemical dynamics in general. Reaction mechanism in general --- 541.124 Limits of reactions --- Chemical dynamics in general. Reaction mechanism in general --- Limits of reactions --- Electrochemical analysis. --- Voltammetry. --- Voltametry --- Electrochemical analysis --- Analysis, Electrochemical --- Analysis, Electrolytic --- Electroanalysis --- Electrolytic analysis --- Analytical chemistry --- Quantitative
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