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Economic policy --- Inflation (Finance) and unemployment

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The Global Jobs Indicators Database (JOIN) provides information on labor market outcomes from countries across all income groups with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. The sources are in most cases Labor Force Surveys (LFSs), but other types of household surveys that include labor market information are also added. The information on the different labor market outcomes is disaggregated by gender, urban or rural area, age group of worker, and education level. All indicators are derived from a World Bank repository of harmonized household surveys. The indicators can be subsumed into four topics: sociodemographics, labor force and employment status, employment by sector and occupation, and labor market outcomes, including earnings. To ensure data reliability, a series of quality checks to both the indicators and the micro-data at the cross-sectional survey level and at the survey time-series level are conducted. Results are, among others, corroborated using statistics provided by the International Labour Organization (ILO) or the World Bank's World Development Indicators (WDI) as well as through outlier detection and consistency checks. As a result, JOIN provides only indicators for surveys that surpassed a quality check threshold. JOIN contains about 1,430 household surveys conducted in 160 countries. A JOIN benchmarking tool enables further customization options including interactions of key indicators for more granular analysis. This tool allows users to compare the labor market in their country of interest to a series of up to 10 other countries. Together, JOIN, the JOIN benchmarking tool, and the entire Jobs Diagnostic toolkit enable a thorough analysis of the labor market supply side at both a nationally aggregated level and the micro level.

Employment --- Employment and Unemployment --- Labor Markets --- Social Protections and Labor

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This note provides an overview of labor markets and job outcomes in the Horn of Africa. This background note was prepared for the Horn of Africa Regional Economic Memorandum. It provides an overview of issues related to jobs in the five countries of the region, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. It first discusses labor market characteristics, notably labor force participation, unemployment and underemployment,as well as demographics of the labor force. Secondly, it compares employment patterns, focusing on the type and sector of employment. Finally, it looks at the limited information available on jobs outcomes - notably, wage levels. It seeks to provides a relatively succinct synoptic summary of the common trends among the five countries as well as some distinct features. With the exception of Eritrea, the World Bank has recently analyzed jobs outcomes in all countries of the region.

Employment --- Employment and Unemployment --- Labor Market --- Social Protections and Labor

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Annotation World Bank Technical Paper 245. This document was designed primarily for staff of newly established debt management institutions within governments that are launching borrowing programs, and discusses the entire range of external debt management. Topics include the organizational procedures for negotiating foreign loans and credits, the control and coordination of borrowing decisions, risk management, the administration of new loans, and external debt accounting and statistics. Basic accounting principles are reviewed and the use of computers explored. The authors stress that the government unit with responsibility for meeting future debt service obligations should also play a major role in decisions regarding foreign borrowing. Reporting statistics on external debt is a crucial part of a country's relationship with the World Bank and other donors. The Bank has formal requirements for debt reporting by member nations and accurate accounting is a prerequisite to having loans considered by the Bank's Executive Board. This book is an essential reference for training and technical assistance programs in asset and liability mangement.

Economic stabilization --- Employment and unemployment --- Labor market --- Structural adjustment (Economic policy)

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In many regions of the world, the persistent, and growing, proportion of young people who are currently not in employment, education, or training is of global concern. This is no less true of Morocco: about 30 percent of the Moroccan population between ages 15 and 24 are currently not in employment, education, or training. Drawing from various rounds of Moroccan labor force surveys, this paper contributes to understanding the complex dynamics of labor markets in developing countries. First, it identifies the socioeconomic determinants of Morocco's young population not in employment, education, or training. Second, employing a synthetic panel methodology in the context of labor market analysis, the paper describes how the conditions of individuals in this group has changed over time. One striking, and worrisome, pattern that emerges from the 2010 synthetic panel data is that, even after 10 years, a majority of the young population not in employment, education, or training remained outside the labor market or education, with very little chance of moving out of their situation. Their chronic stagnancy confirms the powerful effect that initial conditions have on determining young people's future outcomes.

Employment and Unemployment --- Gender Equality --- Labor Force --- Labor Markets --- Synthetic Panel --- Unemployment --- Youth Employment