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The literature suggests a wide range of impacts of improved transport connectivity on agricultural growth. Still, the infrastructure-growth nexus remains somewhat mysterious, particularly in the African context, because many rural farmers do not have their own transport means. Using data from Madagascar, the paper reexamines the important roles of agrobusinesses. By applying the spatial autoregressive model, it is shown that proximity to input-oriented agrobusinesses, such as input dealers and equipment suppliers, is particularly important to increase rice production. Fertilizer and irrigation use is also found important, indicating the needs for intensification in rice production. Market accessibility is always found as a significant determinant: transport infrastructure connecting farmers and markets, especially the capital city, Antananarivo, is therefore important to develop and maintain.

Agriculture --- Agriculture Production --- Autoregressive Model --- Climate Change and Agriculture --- Crops and Crop Management Systems --- Food Security --- Inequality --- Infrastructure --- Poverty Reduction --- Transport

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Export responses to real exchange rate (RER) depreciations in Pakistan are lower than those to appreciations. This paper empirically documents this asymmetric response using macro-level data. It then relies on a disaggregated export product-level data set for 2003-17 to test, within a panel fixed-effects framework, three hypotheses explaining the low export response to depreciations, focusing on information costs, supply constraints, and pricing to market. The analysis finds that (i) exports of differentiated products grow more slowly when the RER depreciates than they fall when it appreciates; (ii) exports from sectors with relatively greater supply constraints - in particular related to accessing finance- respond less to depreciations than to appreciations; and (iii) dollar prices for Pakistani exports tend to fall after nominal depreciations of the Pakistani rupee, in violation of the Dominant Currency Paradigm and consistent with pricing-to-market behavior, further accounting for the low response of exports to RER depreciations.

Currencies and Exchange Rates --- Currency Depreciation --- Exchange Rate --- Export Competitiveness --- Export Performance --- Exports --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Dependence --- International Economics and Trade --- Pricing to Market --- Real Exchange Rate --- Threshold Autoregressive Model --- Trade and Investment

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The Efficient Market Hypothesis believes that it is impossible for an investor to outperform the market because all available information is already built into stock prices. However, some anomalies could persist in stock markets while some other anomalies could appear, disappear and re-appear again without any warning. A Special Issue on "Efficiency and Anomalies in Stock Markets" will be devoted to advancements in the theoretical development of market efficiency and anomaly in the Stock Market, as well as applications in Stock Market efficiency and anomalies.

Development economics & emerging economies --- stochastic dominance --- Omega ratio --- risk averters --- risk seekers --- utility maximization --- market efficiency --- anomaly --- emerging markets --- KSE Pakistan --- three-factor model --- size and value premiums --- future economic growth --- liquidity proxy --- emerging market --- transaction cost --- price impact --- efficient market --- economic policy uncertainty --- random walk --- news --- Asian market --- G7 market --- real exchange rate --- volatility --- financial development --- economic growth --- Put–Call Ratio --- volume --- open interest --- frequency-domain roiling causality --- convertible bond --- financial constraints --- stock performance --- Autoregressive Model --- non-Gaussian error --- realized volatility --- Threshold Autoregressive Model --- value premium --- technical analysis --- moving average --- China stock market --- stock market --- finance --- applications --- EMH --- anomalies --- Behavioral Finance --- Winner–Loser Effect --- Momentum Effect --- calendar anomalies --- BM effect --- the size effect --- Disposition Effect --- Equity Premium Puzzle --- herd effect --- ostrich effect --- bubbles --- trading rules --- overconfidence --- utility --- portfolio selection --- portfolio optimization --- risk measures --- performance measures --- indifference curves --- two-moment decision models --- dynamic models --- diversification --- behavioral models --- unit root --- cointegration --- causality --- nonlinearity --- covariance --- copulas --- robust estimation --- anchoring

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The Efficient Market Hypothesis believes that it is impossible for an investor to outperform the market because all available information is already built into stock prices. However, some anomalies could persist in stock markets while some other anomalies could appear, disappear and re-appear again without any warning. A Special Issue on "Efficiency and Anomalies in Stock Markets" will be devoted to advancements in the theoretical development of market efficiency and anomaly in the Stock Market, as well as applications in Stock Market efficiency and anomalies.

stochastic dominance --- Omega ratio --- risk averters --- risk seekers --- utility maximization --- market efficiency --- anomaly --- emerging markets --- KSE Pakistan --- three-factor model --- size and value premiums --- future economic growth --- liquidity proxy --- emerging market --- transaction cost --- price impact --- efficient market --- economic policy uncertainty --- random walk --- news --- Asian market --- G7 market --- real exchange rate --- volatility --- financial development --- economic growth --- Put–Call Ratio --- volume --- open interest --- frequency-domain roiling causality --- convertible bond --- financial constraints --- stock performance --- Autoregressive Model --- non-Gaussian error --- realized volatility --- Threshold Autoregressive Model --- value premium --- technical analysis --- moving average --- China stock market --- stock market --- finance --- applications --- EMH --- anomalies --- Behavioral Finance --- Winner–Loser Effect --- Momentum Effect --- calendar anomalies --- BM effect --- the size effect --- Disposition Effect --- Equity Premium Puzzle --- herd effect --- ostrich effect --- bubbles --- trading rules --- overconfidence --- utility --- portfolio selection --- portfolio optimization --- risk measures --- performance measures --- indifference curves --- two-moment decision models --- dynamic models --- diversification --- behavioral models --- unit root --- cointegration --- causality --- nonlinearity --- covariance --- copulas --- robust estimation --- anchoring

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The present Special Issue collects a number of new contributions both at the theoretical level and in terms of applications in the areas of nonparametric and semiparametric econometric methods. In particular, this collection of papers that cover areas such as developments in local smoothing techniques, splines, series estimators, and wavelets will add to the existing rich literature on these subjects and enhance our ability to use data to test economic hypotheses in a variety of fields, such as financial economics, microeconomics, macroeconomics, labor economics, and economic growth, to name a few.

discrete duration models --- volatility feedback effect --- semiparametric estimation --- nonparametric method --- GLS detrending --- functional coefficients --- purified implied volatility --- country competitiveness index --- nonparametric frontiers --- efficiency --- materials balance condition --- panel data --- Dirichlet process prior --- classification --- indicators --- Kendall’s tau --- realised volatility --- Malmquist productivity index --- conditional dependence index --- wavelet --- dependent Bayesian nonparametrics --- TFP growth --- Solow economic growth convergence model --- unit root testing --- nonparametric 2SLS estimator --- random forests --- competitiveness --- slice sampling --- integrated difference kernel estimator --- maximum score estimator --- heterogeneous autoregressive model --- generalized additive models --- Monte Carlo --- tensor products --- cubic spline penalty --- M-estimation --- nonparametric copula --- leverage effect --- conditional quantile function --- emissions --- efficient semiparamteric estimation --- DEA --- tail dependence index --- difference kernel estimator --- nonparametric threshold regression --- machine learning --- factors --- local linear regression --- European Union --- financial development --- series estimator --- production efficiency