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Molecular Machines presents a dynamic new approach to the physics of enzymes and DNA from the perspective of materials science. Unified around the concept of molecular deformability-how proteins and DNA stretch, fold, and change shape-this book describes the complex molecules of life from the innovative perspective of materials properties and dynamics, in contrast to structural or purely chemical approaches. It covers a wealth of topics, including nonlinear deformability of enzymes and DNA; the chemo-dynamic cycle of enzymes; supra-molecular constructions with internal stress; nano-rheology and viscoelasticity; and chemical kinetics, Brownian motion, and barrier crossing. Essential reading for researchers in materials science, engineering, and nanotechnology, the book also describes the landmark experiments that have established the materials properties and energy landscape of large biological molecules.Molecular Machines is also ideal for the classroom. It gives graduate students a working knowledge of model building in statistical mechanics, making it an essential resource for tomorrow's experimentalists in this cutting-edge field. In addition, mathematical methods are introduced in the bio-molecular context-for example, DNA conformational transitions are used to illustrate the transfer matrix formalism. The result is a generalized approach to mathematical problem solving that enables students to apply their findings more broadly.Molecular Machines represents the next leap forward in nanoscience, as researchers strive to harness proteins, enzymes, and DNA as veritable machines in medicine, technology, and beyond.

Molecular biology. --- Biomolecules. --- Microbiology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Biological molecules --- Molecules --- Molecular biology --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Brownian motion. --- DNA deformation. --- DNA melting. --- DNA molecules. --- DNA. --- allosteric control. --- atoms. --- base pairing. --- base stacking. --- cells. --- chemical kinetics. --- deformations. --- diffusion. --- enzyme deformability dynamics. --- enzyme operation. --- enzymes. --- equilibrium. --- folded protein. --- gene expression. --- kinematics. --- mathematical methods. --- molecular deformability. --- molecular machine. --- molecular machines. --- nano-rheology. --- nearest neighbor model. --- nonequilibrium state. --- nonequilibrium thermodynamics. --- nonlinear deformability. --- statistical mechanics. --- steady state. --- thermal fluctuation. --- viscoelasticity. --- zipper model.

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Studying the origin of life is one of man’s greatest achievements over the last sixty years. The fields of interest encompassed by this quest are multiple and interdisciplinary: chemistry, physics, biology, biochemistry, mathematics, geology but also statistics, atmospheric science, meteorology, oceanography, and astrophysics. Recent scientific discoveries, such as water on Mars and the existence of super-Earths with atmospheres similar to primordial Earth, have pushed researchers to simulate prebiotic conditions in explaining the abiotic formation of molecules essential to life. This collection of articles offers an overview of recent discoveries in the field of prebiotic chemistry of biomolecules, their formation and selection, and the evolution of complex chemical systems.

minerals --- n/a --- inosine --- carbamic acid --- prebiotic chemistry --- pentopyranose nucleic acid --- catalysis --- MVC architecture pattern and biological information --- carbon dioxide-ammonia ices --- stability as a selection pressure --- ribozyme and tRNA --- translation and the genetic code --- AnyLogic software for computer simulation of translation machine --- Darwinian evolution --- prebiotic information system --- genetic code origin --- electrochemistry --- coevolution of translation machine and the genetic code --- digit multiplicity --- thermodynamic bottleneck --- abasic oligomers --- selection --- nucleotide stability --- AICAR --- tRNA-synthetase --- hypercycle --- nucleotide oligomerization --- origin of life --- thioester --- dry-wet cycles --- Chemomimesis --- population growth --- tRNA and mRNA --- diversity --- early peptides --- Molecular Darwinism --- tRNA accretion model --- replication --- aldol reaction --- hydrothermal vents --- base pairing --- numerical codons --- abiogenesis --- purine precursor --- peptide/RNA world --- information --- ab initio molecular dynamics --- RNA --- cysteine --- nucleotide and nucleoside synthesis --- thiol-rich peptides --- novel metalloproteins --- transmission --- function --- energy currency --- anharmonicity --- arabinopyranose nucleic acid --- bridge peptide and aaRS --- aminonitriles --- mechanochemistry --- prebiotic polymerization --- origins of life --- encoding --- carbon fixation --- infrared spectra --- phosphoryl transfer --- metabolism --- growth order --- layered double hydroxide (LDH) clay --- molecular clocks --- Monte Carlo --- binary patterned amino acid sequences --- network expansion simulation --- prebiotic soup --- nucleotidyltransferases --- mixed anhydride --- phosphates --- translation --- ribosome --- pentose diphosphate --- monosaccharides --- systems chemistry --- reduction --- imidazoles --- protein design