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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread globally to pandemic proportions. Although the majority of cases have asymptomatic or mild infections, a significant proportion of cases progress to severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring critical care. Opportunistic infections following severe respiratory viral infections have been recognized since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Among critically ill patients with COVID-19, secondary fungal infections caused by Aspergillus and Candida spp. are increasingly described, affecting up to 30% of COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care treatment. This collection of manuscripts focuses on fungal infections complicating COVID-19, including immunological mechanisms and pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Medicine --- SARS-CoV-2 --- co-infection --- pulmonary aspergillosis --- ICU --- azole-resistant Aspergillus --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- CAPA --- TR34L98H --- SARS COV-2 --- Aspergillus --- novel coronavirus --- superinfection --- risk factors --- prevalence --- challenges --- immune response --- expert statement --- European Confederation of Medical Mycology --- COVID-19 --- fungaemia --- Saccharomyces --- co-infections --- invasive aspergillosis --- putative --- probable --- Sars-CoV-2 --- PCR --- galactomannan --- classification --- COVID-19 pneumonia --- invasive pulmonary aspergillosis --- diagnosis --- multi-triazole resistance --- COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis --- coinfection --- diabetes --- bloodstream infection --- Candida glabrata --- echinocandin resistance --- FKS mutation --- candidemia --- candiduria --- oral candidiasis --- mycobiome --- n/a

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This book represents a collection of paper from different specialists involved in the management of septic patients, aimed to disseminate the knowledge in the field of sepsis, particularly to non-intensivists physicians.

Medicine --- internal medicine --- intensive care --- emergency department --- organ dysfunction --- immunomodulation --- micronutrients --- antimicrobial stewardship --- shock septic --- antioxidant therapy --- oxidative stress --- multiple organ failure --- procalcitonin --- qSOFA --- sepsis --- fever --- procalcitonin kinetics --- prognostication --- sepsis biomarkers --- vitamin D --- vitamin C --- zinc --- thiamine --- nutrition --- critically ill patients --- infections --- mitochondria --- shock --- multidrug-resistant bacteria --- Klebsiella NDM --- ceftazidime-avibactam --- septic shock --- infection --- extracorporeal immune modulation --- blood purification --- renal replacement therapy --- afebrile patients --- neutropenic enterocolitis --- chemotherapy-induced damage --- antifungal stewardship --- Candida bloodstream infection --- echinocandin --- Presepsin --- critical care --- ICU --- neutrophil-to-lymphocyte --- platelet-to-lymphocyte --- C-reactive protein --- MRproAdrenomedullin --- systemic inflammatory response syndrome --- sequential organ failure assessment --- quick-sequential organ failure assessment --- proadrenomedullin --- MR-proADM --- n/a

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread globally to pandemic proportions. Although the majority of cases have asymptomatic or mild infections, a significant proportion of cases progress to severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring critical care. Opportunistic infections following severe respiratory viral infections have been recognized since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Among critically ill patients with COVID-19, secondary fungal infections caused by Aspergillus and Candida spp. are increasingly described, affecting up to 30% of COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care treatment. This collection of manuscripts focuses on fungal infections complicating COVID-19, including immunological mechanisms and pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

SARS-CoV-2 --- co-infection --- pulmonary aspergillosis --- ICU --- azole-resistant Aspergillus --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- CAPA --- TR34L98H --- SARS COV-2 --- Aspergillus --- novel coronavirus --- superinfection --- risk factors --- prevalence --- challenges --- immune response --- expert statement --- European Confederation of Medical Mycology --- COVID-19 --- fungaemia --- Saccharomyces --- co-infections --- invasive aspergillosis --- putative --- probable --- Sars-CoV-2 --- PCR --- galactomannan --- classification --- COVID-19 pneumonia --- invasive pulmonary aspergillosis --- diagnosis --- multi-triazole resistance --- COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis --- coinfection --- diabetes --- bloodstream infection --- Candida glabrata --- echinocandin resistance --- FKS mutation --- candidemia --- candiduria --- oral candidiasis --- mycobiome --- n/a

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Medicine has evolved into a high level of specialization using the very detailed imaging of organs. This has impressively solved a multitude of acute health-related problems linked to single-organ diseases. Many diseases and pathophysiological processes, however, involve more than one organ. An organ-based approach is challenging when considering disease prevention and caring for elderly patients, or those with systemic chronic diseases or multiple co-morbidities. In addition, medical imaging provides more than a pretty picture. Much of the data are now revealed by quantitating algorithms with or without artificial intelligence. This Special Issue on “Systems Radiology and Personalized Medicine” includes reviews and original studies that show the strengths and weaknesses of structural and functional whole-body imaging for personalized medicine.

Medicine --- COVID-19 --- chest X-ray --- deep learning --- convolutional neural network --- Grad-CAM --- computed tomography --- image analysis --- osteoarthritis --- reliability --- FDG-PET/CT --- infection --- bloodstream infection --- endocarditis --- vascular graft infection --- spondylodiscitis --- cyst infection --- white blood cell scintigraphy --- total body PET/CT --- radiotracers --- artificial intelligence --- contrast media --- body composition --- large vessel vasculitis --- atherosclerosis --- imaging --- FDG-PET --- radiological imaging --- MRI --- non-contrast --- venography --- TRANCE --- QFlow --- neuroblastoma --- nuclear medicine --- radionuclide imaging --- [123I]mIBG --- [124I]mIBG --- [18F]mFBG --- [18F]FDG --- [68Ga]Ga-DOTA peptides --- [18F]F-DOPA --- [11C]mHED --- chronic limb-threatening ischemia --- peripheral arterial disease --- calcification pattern --- diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis --- risk factors --- adiposity --- intra-abdominal fat --- cardiorenal syndrome --- imaging biomarker --- tissue characterization --- cerebral aneurysm --- computational fluid dynamics --- hemodynamic --- morphological --- rupture --- n/a

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. It constitutes a unique source of knowledge and guidance for all healthcare workers who care for patients with sepsis and septic shock in resource-limited settings. More than eighty percent of the worldwide deaths related to sepsis occur in resource-limited settings in low and middle-income countries. Current international sepsis guidelines cannot be implemented without adaptations towards these settings, mainly because of the difference in local resources and a different spectrum of infectious diseases causing sepsis. This prompted members of the Global Intensive Care working group of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) and the Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU, Bangkok, Thailand) - among which the Editors – to develop with an international group of experts a comprehensive set of recommendations for the management of sepsis in resource-limited settings. Recommendations are based on both current scientific evidence and clinical experience of clinicians working in resource-limited settings. The book includes an overview chapter outlining the current challenges and future directions of sepsis management as well as general recommendations on the structure and organization of intensive care services in resource-limited settings. Specific recommendations on the recognition and management of patients with sepsis and septic shock in these settings are grouped into seven chapters. The book provides evidence-based practical guidance for doctors in low and middle income countries treating patients with sepsis, and highlights areas for further research and discussion. .

Emergency medicine. --- Critical care medicine. --- Anesthesiology. --- Internal medicine. --- Surgery. --- Family medicine. --- Emergency Medicine. --- Intensive / Critical Care Medicine. --- Internal Medicine. --- General Practice / Family Medicine. --- Family practice (Medicine) --- General practice (Medicine) --- Medicine --- Physicians (General practice) --- Surgery, Primitive --- Medicine, Internal --- Anaesthesiology --- Surgery --- Intensive care --- Intensive medicine --- Emergency medicine --- Intensive care units --- Medicine, Emergency --- Critical care medicine --- Disaster medicine --- Medical emergencies --- Sepsis --- Disease Management --- Developing Countries --- Health Services Accessibility --- Accessibility, Health Services --- Contraceptive Availability --- Health Services Geographic Accessibility --- Program Accessibility --- Access to Health Care --- Accessibility of Health Services --- Availability of Health Services --- Accessibility, Program --- Availability, Contraceptive --- Health Services Availability --- Medically Underserved Area --- Developing Nations --- Least Developed Countries --- Less-Developed Nations --- Third-World Nations --- Under-Developed Nations --- Less-Developed Countries --- Third-World Countries --- Under-Developed Countries --- Countries, Developing --- Countries, Least Developed --- Countries, Less-Developed --- Countries, Third-World --- Countries, Under-Developed --- Country, Developing --- Country, Least Developed --- Country, Less-Developed --- Country, Third-World --- Country, Under-Developed --- Developed Countries, Least --- Developed Country, Least --- Developing Country --- Developing Nation --- Least Developed Country --- Less Developed Countries --- Less Developed Nations --- Less-Developed Country --- Less-Developed Nation --- Nation, Less-Developed --- Nation, Third-World --- Nation, Under-Developed --- Nations, Developing --- Nations, Less-Developed --- Nations, Third-World --- Nations, Under-Developed --- Third World Countries --- Third World Nations --- Third-World Country --- Third-World Nation --- Under Developed Countries --- Under Developed Nations --- Under-Developed Country --- Under-Developed Nation --- Disease Managements --- Management, Disease --- Managements, Disease --- Blood Poisoning --- Poisoning, Blood --- Septicemia --- Severe Sepsis --- Pyaemia --- Pyemia --- Pyohemia --- Blood Poisonings --- Poisonings, Blood --- Pyaemias --- Pyemias --- Pyohemias --- Sepsis, Severe --- Septicemias --- Access To Medicines --- Access to Contraception --- Access to Health Services --- Access to Medications --- Access to Therapy --- Access to Treatment --- Contraception Access --- Contraceptive Access --- Medication Access --- Access To Medicine --- Access to Contraceptions --- Access to Medication --- Access to Therapies --- Access to Treatments --- Access, Contraception --- Access, Contraceptive --- Access, Medication --- Contraception, Access to --- Contraceptive Accesses --- Medication Accesses --- Medication, Access to --- Therapy, Access to --- Treatment, Access to --- Bloodstream Infection --- Bloodstream Infections --- Infection, Bloodstream --- General practice (Medicine). --- Sepsis. --- Disease Management. --- Anesthesiology --- Internal medicine