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Destabilisation du Liban, massacres des Yezidis et des chretiens en Irak, accentuation des tensions a Gaza, implosion de la Libye, la guerre s'est propagee avec une vitesse fulgurante au cours des derniers mois, atteignant les portes de l'Europe. Meme si les interventions francaises ont gele certains conflits, force est de constater que les territoires en guerre se sont interconnectes. A l'horizon se profilent des conflits qui ne seront pas sans incidence sur les fragiles equilibres europeens. Comment expliquer ce retour de la guerre ? Contrairement a ce qu'affirme le discours liberal, l'abolition des frontieres s'est revelee la matrice de la guerre. Faut-il s'en etonner ? L'aventure d'Alexandre le Grand ne combine-t-elle pas l'ouverture des cites grecques au grand commerce international avec la devastation de l'Asie par la guerre ? Semblables a des organismes vivants, nos civilisations cohabitent, se heurtent parfois, mais ont surtout pour finalite la perpetuation de la vie. Lorsque leurs barrieres protectrices se corrodent, ces organismes meurent logiquement, pour laisser la place a d'autres. En realite, seules les civilisations dotees d'une forte capacite a transmettre la vie sont porteuses d'avenir. Ce sont elles qui emergeront du chaos genere par la globalisation.
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There are currently dozens of ongoing violent conflicts across the globe, from Colombia to Somalia, including civil wars that have lasted for decades. At a global level the Cold War has been succeeded by a 'war on terror' that continues to rage more than a decade after 9/11. Why has war been so persistent, when we know how destructive it is in both human and economic terms ? And why do the efforts of aid organizations and international diplomats so often founder ? The author investigates why conflicts are so prevalent and so intractable - even when one side has much greater military resources. Drawing on many years of research, he asks who benefits from wars. It is a disturbing story that takes in government officials siphoning off aid, militias ejecting civilians from oil-rich areas, companies looking for markets for arms and security products, and politicians reinforcing their powerbase by defining any opponent as 'the enemy'. As this fascinating and disturbing expose makes clear, unless we have a genuine understanding of the complex vested interests that shape contemporary wars, we are unlikely ever to achieve lasting peace.
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"Based on a unique set of interviews and British and American documents, this book examines the motives for the American invasion of Iraq in 2003, examines the decision-making inside the Bush administration, and assesses the reasons for the chaotic, bloody, and costly occupation. The attack on America on 9/11 by al Qaeda terrorists transformed the thinking and actions of Bush and his top advisers. Bush conceived the administration's response. Fear, power, and hubris shaped his approach - fear of another attack; pride in American values; and confidence in America's ability to effectuate change. Worried about another attack on American soil - this time with biological or chemical weapons - Bush turned his attention to Iraq because of Saddam Hussein's history with weapons of mass destruction and because of his record of aggression, brutality, and duplicity. To achieve his goals, the American president embraced a strategy of coercive diplomacy. If Iraq faced a military threat, Bush hoped Hussein would open his country to inspections, relinquish his alleged weapons of mass destruction, flee, or be toppled. When Hussein admitted inspectors yet remained obstructive, Bush denounced the dictator's defiance and believed America's credibility was at stake. Without resolving the ambiguities and inconsistencies in his strategy of coercive diplomacy and failing to assess the consequences of an invasion or to plan effectively for its many contingencies, Bush ordered U.S. troops to invade Iraq. Friction and acrimony within the administration turned the occupation into a tragedy, the consequences of which we are still living with"-- Provided by publisher.
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