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With a mean worldwide prevalence of 13%, chronic kidney disease imposes a massive health burden on our society. In addition to reduced kidney function, patients with chronic kidney disease increasingly suffer from cardiovascular diseases affecting the heart and vasculature. Cardiovascular diseases account for around half of the deaths of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. However, therapeutic options are highly insufficient. The pathological mechanisms that underlie increased cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease remain largely unknown. This Special Issue provides insights into comorbidities in CKD patients, mainly focused on increased cardiovascular risk, and summarizes current knowledge of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

Medicine --- arterial stiffness --- carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity --- hemodialysis --- p-cresyl sulfate --- uremic toxins --- arterial calcification --- lipid metabolism --- inflammation --- coagulation --- endothelial dysfunction --- epigenetics --- chronic kidney disease --- uremic cardiopathy --- left ventricular hypertrophy --- phosphate --- PTH --- FGF23 --- klotho --- sclerostin --- chronodisruption --- chronodisruptor --- circadian rhythm --- internal clock --- uremia --- uremic cardiomyopathy --- organ crosstalk --- cardiorenal syndrome --- left-ventricular hypertrophy --- heart failure --- cardiac fibrosis --- cardiovascular disease --- vascular calcification --- experimental rodent models --- FGFG23 --- Klotho --- Wnt/β-catenin --- CKD --- parathyroid hormone --- secondary hyperparathyroidism --- uremic toxin --- ageing --- end-stage kidney disease --- premature ageing --- senescence --- bone --- gut --- cardiovascular --- CKD–MBD --- comorbidity --- fibrosis --- calcification

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This Special Issue addresses a topic of great contemporary relevance; in developed countries, most of peoples’ time is spent indoors and, depending on each person, the presence in the home ranges from 60% to 90% of the day, and 30% of that time is spent sleeping. Taking into account these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health. In addition to this, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, with a detrimental impact on the health of inhabitants. Housing is therefore a key health factor for people all over the world, and various parameters such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency, among others, can contribute to healthy architecture, and the conditions that can result from the poor application of these parameters.

Technology: general issues --- vernacular architecture --- sustainability --- energy efficiency --- history --- statistics --- society --- acoustics --- environmental quality --- learning space --- occupant comfort --- sustainable architecture --- sustainable building --- visual comfort --- thermal comfort --- ventilation comfort --- VOCs --- polymer-based items --- indoor air quality --- test emission chamber --- exposure scenario --- natural lighting --- artificial lighting --- indoor lighting design --- chronodisruption --- circadian rhythms --- daylighting --- sustainable lighting design --- LED luminaires --- indoor environment quality --- classroom lighting --- sustainable development --- desalination --- reverse osmosis --- renewable energies --- environmental impacts --- decision support systems --- types of contract --- in-vehicle air quality --- pollution model --- thermal environment --- solar radiation --- VOCs exposure --- CFD --- environmental health --- building energy simulation --- water flow glazing --- experimental validation --- schools --- heat perception --- user’s perception --- qualitative technique --- POE --- weather file management --- weather datasets --- weather stations --- sensitivity analysis of weather parameters --- thermal zone temperature --- building energy management --- unitized facade --- Water Flow Glazing --- mean radiant temperature --- final energy consumption --- Artificial Neural Network (ANN) --- Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) --- Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) --- photovoltaic power --- weather data --- facility management --- construction materials --- “smelly buildings” --- Belgrade --- Serbia --- Mexico --- energy simulation --- building energy model --- Open Studio --- SGSAVE --- NOM-020-ENER-2011 --- climate zoning --- traditional construction systems --- social housing --- verification method --- climate change --- global warming --- carbon footprint --- GHG emissions --- climate emergency --- hydrogen --- PEM fuel cells --- cogeneration --- building sustainability --- energy saving --- hygrothermal comfort --- indoor green --- vertical greenery --- cost-benefit-ratio --- sick leave --- absenteeism --- alternative quantification method

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
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This Special Issue addresses a topic of great contemporary relevance; in developed countries, most of peoples’ time is spent indoors and, depending on each person, the presence in the home ranges from 60% to 90% of the day, and 30% of that time is spent sleeping. Taking into account these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health. In addition to this, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, with a detrimental impact on the health of inhabitants. Housing is therefore a key health factor for people all over the world, and various parameters such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency, among others, can contribute to healthy architecture, and the conditions that can result from the poor application of these parameters.

vernacular architecture --- sustainability --- energy efficiency --- history --- statistics --- society --- acoustics --- environmental quality --- learning space --- occupant comfort --- sustainable architecture --- sustainable building --- visual comfort --- thermal comfort --- ventilation comfort --- VOCs --- polymer-based items --- indoor air quality --- test emission chamber --- exposure scenario --- natural lighting --- artificial lighting --- indoor lighting design --- chronodisruption --- circadian rhythms --- daylighting --- sustainable lighting design --- LED luminaires --- indoor environment quality --- classroom lighting --- sustainable development --- desalination --- reverse osmosis --- renewable energies --- environmental impacts --- decision support systems --- types of contract --- in-vehicle air quality --- pollution model --- thermal environment --- solar radiation --- VOCs exposure --- CFD --- environmental health --- building energy simulation --- water flow glazing --- experimental validation --- schools --- heat perception --- user’s perception --- qualitative technique --- POE --- weather file management --- weather datasets --- weather stations --- sensitivity analysis of weather parameters --- thermal zone temperature --- building energy management --- unitized facade --- Water Flow Glazing --- mean radiant temperature --- final energy consumption --- Artificial Neural Network (ANN) --- Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) --- Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) --- photovoltaic power --- weather data --- facility management --- construction materials --- “smelly buildings” --- Belgrade --- Serbia --- Mexico --- energy simulation --- building energy model --- Open Studio --- SGSAVE --- NOM-020-ENER-2011 --- climate zoning --- traditional construction systems --- social housing --- verification method --- climate change --- global warming --- carbon footprint --- GHG emissions --- climate emergency --- hydrogen --- PEM fuel cells --- cogeneration --- building sustainability --- energy saving --- hygrothermal comfort --- indoor green --- vertical greenery --- cost-benefit-ratio --- sick leave --- absenteeism --- alternative quantification method