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This volume explores key issues in the modern tensions between state and religions by exploring a number of case studies from around the world.

Religion and state --- religion and the state --- sociology --- church-state relations --- public religions --- secularization --- post-secularism

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"Warring Sovereignties explores the battle between religious and non-secular cultures for control of the university in the 1960s. Canon law, with particular emphasis on Oblate norms, was a clear expression of Catholic sovereignty in the university. While this sovereignty conditioned Oblate governance choices, the Government of Ontario became increasingly keen on reforming the University of Ottawa into a non-denominational corporation. Government pressure was coupled with shifting cultural expectations of the university's social role, while an increasingly lay professorate helped put pressure on the Oblates from within. These twin pressures for removing religious control irked the Oblates, who put up stiff resistance, betraying their reticence to the liberalization of higher education. While the government valued social policy, the Oblates focused on educating individuals. Although the Oblates ultimately lost, history is as relevant as ever, and this book comes at a time when social planning is becoming increasingly prevalent within universities."--

Church and college. --- Secularization. --- University of Ottawa --- History. --- Catholic History. --- Church-State relations. --- Higher Education. --- University History.

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At the turn of the twenty-first century, Xiamen's pursuit of World Heritage Site designation from UNESCO stimulated considerable interest in the city's Christian past. History enthusiasts, both Christian and non-Christian, devoted themselves to reinterpreting the legacy of missionaries and challenged official narratives of Christianity's troubled associations with Western imperialism. In this book, Jifeng Liu documents the tension that has inevitably emerged between the established official history and these popular efforts.This volume elucidates the ways in which Christianity has become an integral part of Xiamen, a Chinese city profoundly influenced by Western missionaries. Drawing on extensive interviews, locally produced histories, and observations of historical celebrations, Liu provides an intimate portrait of the people who navigate ideological issues to reconstruct a Christian past, reproduce religious histories, and redefine local power structures in the shadow of the state. Liu makes a compelling argument that a Christian past is being constructed that combines official frameworks, unofficial practices, and nostalgia into social memory, a realm of dynamic negotiation that is neither dominated by the authoritarian state nor characterized by popular resistance. In this way, Negotiating the Christian Past in China illustrates the complexities of memory and missions in shaping the city's cultural landscape, church-state dynamics, and global aspirations.This groundbreaking study assumes a perspective of globalization and localization, in both the past and the present, to better understand Chinese Christianity in a local, national, and global context. It will be welcomed by scholars of religious studies and world Christianity, and by those interested in the church-state relationship in China.

Christianity --- Missions --- Social aspects --- Xiamen (Xiamen Shi, China) --- Church history. --- Asian Christianity. --- Chinese Christianity. --- Chinese politics. --- Chinese religion. --- Church-state relations. --- Memory. --- Missions. --- Xiamen. --- missionaries. --- nostalgia.

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Axis forces (Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria) occupied Greece from 1941 to 1944. The unimaginable hardships caused by foreign occupation were compounded by the flight of the government days before enemy forces reached Athens. This national crisis forced the Church of Greece, an institution accustomed to playing a central political and social role during times of crisis, to fill the political vacuum. Led by Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens, the clergy sought to maintain the cultural, spiritual, and territorial integrity of the nation during this harrowing period. Circumstances forced the clergy to create a working relationship with the major political actors, including the Axis authorities, their Greek allies, and the growing armed resistance movements, especially the communist-led National Liberation Front. In so doing the church straddled a fine line between collaboration and resistance—individual clerics, for instance, negotiated with Axis authorities to gain small concessions, while simultaneously resisting policies deemed detrimental to the nation.Drawing on official archives—of the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the British Foreign Office, the U.S. State Department, and the Greek Holy Synod—alongside an impressive breadth of published literature, this book provides a refreshingly nuanced account of the Greek clergy’s complex response to the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II. The author’s comprehensive portrait of the reaction of Damaskinos and his colleagues, including tensions and divisions within the clergy, provides a uniquely balanced exploration of the critical role they played during the occupation. It helps readers understand how and why traditional institutions such as the Church played a central social and political role in moments of social upheaval and distress. Indeed, as this book convincingly shows, the Church was the only institution capable of holding Greek society together during World War II.While The Church of Greece under Axis Occupation elucidates the significant differences between the Greek case and those of other territories in Axis-occupied Europe, it also offers fresh insight into the similarities. Greek clerics dealt with many of the same challenges clerics faced in other parts of Hitler’s empire, including exceptionally brutal reprisal policies, deprivation and hunger, and the complete collapse of the social and political order caused by years of enemy occupation. By examining these challenges, this illuminating new book is an important contribution not only to Greek historiography but also to the broader literatures on the Holocaust, collaboration and resistance during World War II, and church–state relations during times of crisis.

World War, 1939-1945 --- Orthodox Eastern Church --- Clergy --- Greece --- History --- German Occupation. --- Greece. --- Holocaust. --- World War II. --- church-state relations. --- collaboration. --- resistance.

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Este libro quiere ser una aportación novedosa a la historia española del proceso secularizador. Su propósito es demostrar que se puede hablar de secularización en España antes de que la noción tenga efectiva productividad jurídica y constitucional. El periodo elegido (1700-1845) es precisamente época clave de las interrogaciones sobre secularización de lo político; pero tales interrogaciones son heterogéneas, ya que la propia idea de secularización se pone a debate y está sometida a múltiples bloqueos. Parece empezar a funcionar entonces un proceso de secularización social y cultural antes que político. En efecto, la influencia secularizadora de las ideas de la Ilustración conlleva cambios sociales y nuevas prácticas culturales, científicas y artísticas, que transforman, hasta en el seno de la Iglesia, la percepción de lo sagrado. Tales cambios ocasionan, a principios del siglo xix, la ruptura de la convención entre la Monarquía, la Iglesia y la Nación. Est-il possible de parler de sécularisation en Espagne avant que cette notion n'ait une existence juridique et constitutionnelle effective ? Durant la période traitée par l'ouvrage, 1700-1845, le principe de sécularisation du politique fait l'objet de multiples blocages, et l'idée même de sécularisation est débattue. Cependant, un processus de sécularisation sociale et culturelle semble être à l'oeuvre en parallèle : l'influence sécularisatrice des idées des Lumières entraîne des changements sociaux et de nouvelles pratiques culturelles, scientifiques et artistiques, même au sein de l'Église.

History --- sécularisation --- monarchie espagnole --- XVIIIe siècle --- relations Église-État --- secularization --- Spanish Monarchy --- 18th century --- Church-State relations --- secularización --- Monarquía Española --- siglo XVIII --- relaciones Iglesia-Estado --- Spain --- Politics and government