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Alien Worlds.Social and Religious Dimensions of Extraterrestrial Contact
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ISBN: 0815608586 Year: 2007 Publisher: Syracuse, New York Syracuse University Press

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In the beginning
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ISBN: 0520920570 0585165629 9780520920576 9780585165622 0520211286 0520212770 Year: 1998 Publisher: Berkeley University of California Press

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This analysis of Navajo creation and origin myths shows that the Navajo religion is as complete and nuanced an attempt to answer humanity's big questions as the religions brought to North America by Europeans.


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Une genèse pour l’Espagne : Le récit des origines dans la Estoria de España d’Alphonse X le Sage
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ISBN: 2919448404 9782919448401 Year: 2021 Publisher: Paris : e-Spania Books,

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La Estoria de España, written under the aegis of Alfonso X the Wise, King of Castile and León (1252-1284), traces the history of the Iberian Peninsula and more specifically of Castile, from its origins to the 13th century. While many renowned researchers have studied the Estoria, all of this work, which is also essential, only offers a partial view of the first part of the chronicle. No comprehensive study has in fact been devoted to the story of the origins. However, in order to measure the richness and complexity of peninsular history, it is necessary to take into account this large time interval between the beginnings of humanity and the year 711. The domination of the Greeks, the Carthaginians, the Romans, the Barbarians and the Visigoths, the collapse of the Kingdom of Toledo and the beginnings of the Kingdom of Asturias do indeed constitute a story of the origins. The author of the book therefore starts from the premise that the first 565 chapters of the Estoria cannot be considered as a mere preliminary without any political significance. Several questions are thus at the origin of this work: how do the new challenges of the 13th century (expansion of the borders of the kingdom, fecho del Imperio, new political conceptions, opposition of the nobility and the clergy, monopolization of writing by the king…) influence the conception of Spain's past? How does the Wise King found the greatness of the Iberian Peninsula, how does he legitimize its foundations and how does he define the exercise of royal power? The analysis of the different episodes, of the numerous portraits, of the relationships between the characters, as well as of the writing processes makes it possible to bring to light the textual and ideological originality of this part of the chronicle and the links between the Estoria and the Alphonsine ideal defended in the other works of the Wise King. Unraveling the biblical, ancient and medieval structures and topics used by the Wise King, the author reveals the different networks of symbolic, political, sapiential and spiritual transmission that are at work in the story and thus highlights the way in which the sovereign, by celebrating a common territory and past, guarantors of Hispanic identity, develops a myth of national creation; which allows Soizic Escurignan to conclude that the story of the origins is meant to be programmatic, and more than that, performative.


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Maps of time : an introduction to big history
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ISBN: 1283279738 9786613279736 0520950674 Year: 2011 Publisher: Berkeley : University of California Press,

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An introduction to a new way of looking at history, from a perspective that stretches from the beginning of time to the present day, Maps of Time is world history on an unprecedented scale. Beginning with the Big Bang, David Christian views the interaction of the natural world with the more recent arrivals in flora and fauna, including human beings. Cosmology, geology, archeology, and population and environmental studies-all figure in David Christian's account, which is an ambitious overview of the emerging field of "Big History." Maps of Time opens with the origins of the universe, the stars and the galaxies, the sun and the solar system, including the earth, and conducts readers through the evolution of the planet before human habitation. It surveys the development of human society from the Paleolithic era through the transition to agriculture, the emergence of cities and states, and the birth of the modern, industrial period right up to intimations of possible futures. Sweeping in scope, finely focused in its minute detail, this riveting account of the known world, from the inception of space-time to the prospects of global warming, lays the groundwork for world history-and Big History-true as never before to its name.


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Jung on Mythology
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ISBN: 0691214018 Year: 1998 Publisher: Princeton, N.J. : Baltimore, Md. : Princeton University Press Project MUSE,

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At least three major questions can be asked of myth: what is its subject matter? what is its origin? and what is its function? Theories of myth may differ on the answers they give to any of these questions, but more basically they may also differ on which of the questions they ask. C. G. Jung's theory is one of the few that purports to answer fully all three questions. This volume collects and organizes the key passages on myth by Jung himself and by some of the most prominent Jungian writers after him: Erich Neumann, Marie-Louise von Franz, and James Hillman. The book synthesizes the discovery of myth as a way of thinking, where it becomes a therapeutic tool providing an entrance to the unconscious. In the first selections, Jung begins to differentiate his theory from Freud's by asserting that there are fantasies and dreams of an "impersonal" nature that cannot be reduced to experiences in a person's past. Jung then asserts that the similarities among myths are the result of the projection of the collective rather than the personal unconscious onto the external world. Finally, he comes to the conclusion that myth originates and functions to satisfy the psychological need for contact with the unconscious--not merely to announce the existence of the unconscious, but to let us experience it.


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Xiipúktan (First of all) : three views of the origins of the Quechan people
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ISBN: 1909254649 1909254401 190925441X 9781909254411 9781909254428 9781909254435 1909254428 Year: 2013 Publisher: Open Book Publishers

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"The Quechan people live along the lower part of the Colorado River in the United States. According to tradition, the Quechan and other Yuman people were created at the beginning of time, and their Creation myth explains how they came into existence, the origin of their environment, and the significance of their oldest traditions. The Creation myth forms the backdrop against which much of the tribe's extensive oral literature may be understood. At one time there were almost as many different versions of the Quechan creation story as there were Quechan families. Now few people remember them. This volume, presented in the Quechan language with facing-column translation, provides three views of the origins of the Quechan people. One synthesizes narrator George Bryant's childhood memories and later research. The second is based upon J.P. Harrington's A Yuma Account of Origins (1908). The third provides a modern view of the origins of the Quechan, beginning with the migration from Asia to the New World and ending with the settlement of the Yuman tribes at their present locations. Publication of this book is made possible by the Institute of Museum and Library Services Native American / Native Hawaiian Museum Services Program grant number MN-00-13-0025-13. This collection is for the Quechan people and will also interest linguists, anthropologists, oral literature specialists, and anyone curious about Native American culture."--Publisher's website.

Surviving through the days : translations of Native California stories and songs : a California Indian reader
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ISBN: 1281385573 0520935365 9786611385576 1597349275 0520222695 0520222709 9780520935365 9780520222694 9780520222700 9781281385574 6611385576 9781597349277 Year: 2002 Publisher: Berkeley : University of California Press,

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This anthology of treasures from the oral literature of Native California, assembled by an editor admirably sensitive to language, culture, and history, will delight scholars and general readers alike. Herbert Luthin's generous selection of stories, anecdotes, myths, reminiscences, and songs is drawn from a wide sampling of California's many Native cultures, and although a few pieces are familiar classics, most are published here for the first time, in fresh literary translations. The translators, whether professional linguists or Native scholars and storytellers, are all acknowledged experts in their respective languages, and their introductions to each selection provide welcome cultural and biographical context. Augmenting and enhancing the book are Luthin's engaging, informative essays on topics that range from California's Native languages and oral-literary traditions to critical issues in performance, translation, and the history of California literary ethnography.

To weave and sing : art, symbol, and narrative in the South American rainforest
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ISBN: 1282422294 9786612422294 052091063X 0585128928 9780520910638 9780585128924 0520064275 9780520064270 9780520071858 0520071859 0520071859 Year: 1990 Publisher: Berkeley, CA : University of California Press,

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To Weave and Sing is the first in-depth analysis of the rich spiritual and artistic traditions of the Carib-speaking Yekuana Indians of Venezuela, who live in the dense rain forest of the upper Orinoco. Within their homeland of Ihuruna, the Yekuana have succeeded in maintaining the integrity and unity of their culture, resisting the devastating effects of acculturation that have befallen so many neighboring groups. Yet their success must be attributed to more than natural barriers of rapids and waterfalls, to more than lack of "contact" with our "modern" world. The ethnographic history recounted here includes not only the Spanish discovery of the Yekuana but detailed indigenous accounts of the entire history of Yekuana contact with Western culture, revealing an adaptive technique of mythopoesis by which the symbols of a new and hostile European ideology have been consistently defused through their incorporation into traditional indigenous structures.The author's initial point of departure is the Watunna, the Yekuana creation epic, but he finds his principal entrance into this mythic world through basketry, focusing on the eleborate kinetic designs of the round waja baskets and the stories told about them. Guss argues that the problem of understanding Yekuana basketry is the problem of understanding all traditional art forms within a tribal context, and critiques the cultural assumptions inherent in our systems of classification. He demonstrates that the symbols woven into the baskets function not in isolation but collectively, as a powerful system cutting across the entire culture.To Weave and Sing addresses all Yekuana material culture and the greater reality it both incorporates and masks, discerning a unifying configuration of symbols in chapters on architectural forms, the geography of the body, and the use of herbs, face paints, and chants. A narrow view of slash-and-burn gardens as places of mere subsistence is challenged by Guss's portrait of these exclusively female spaces as systematic inversions of the male world, "the sacred turned on its head." Throughout, a wealth of narrative and ritual materials provides us with the closest approximation we have to a native exegesis of these phenomena. What we are offered here is a new Poetics of Culture, ethnography not as a static given but as a series of shifting fields, wherein culture (and our image of it) is constantly recreated in all of its parts, by all of its members.


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Philosophy before the Greeks : The Pursuit of Truth in Ancient Babylonia
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ISBN: 1400874114 Year: 2015 Publisher: Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press,

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There is a growing recognition that philosophy isn't unique to the West, that it didn't begin only with the classical Greeks, and that Greek philosophy was influenced by Near Eastern traditions. Yet even today there is a widespread assumption that what came before the Greeks was "before philosophy." In Philosophy before the Greeks, Marc Van De Mieroop, an acclaimed historian of the ancient Near East, presents a groundbreaking argument that, for three millennia before the Greeks, one Near Eastern people had a rich and sophisticated tradition of philosophy fully worthy of the name.In the first century BC, the Greek historian Diodorus of Sicily praised the Babylonians for their devotion to philosophy. Showing the justice of Diodorus's comment, this is the first book to argue that there were Babylonian philosophers and that they studied knowledge systematically using a coherent system of logic rooted in the practices of cuneiform script. Van De Mieroop uncovers Babylonian approaches to knowledge in three areas: the study of language, which in its analysis of the written word formed the basis of all logic; the art of divination, which interpreted communications between gods and humans; and the rules of law, which confirmed that royal justice was founded on truth.The result is an innovative intellectual history of the ancient Near Eastern world during the many centuries in which Babylonian philosophers inspired scholars throughout the region-until the first millennium BC, when the breakdown of this cosmopolitan system enabled others, including the Greeks, to develop alternative methods of philosophical reasoning.


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An Anthropology of images : picture, medium, body
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ISBN: 1400839785 Year: 2011 Publisher: Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press,

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A compelling theory that places the origin of human picture making in the bodyIn this groundbreaking book, renowned art historian Hans Belting proposes a new anthropological theory for interpreting human picture making. Rather than focus exclusively on pictures as they are embodied in various media such as painting, sculpture, or photography, he links pictures to our mental images and therefore our bodies. The body is understood as a "living medium" that produces, perceives, or remembers images that are different from the images we encounter through handmade or technical pictures. Refusing to reduce images to their material embodiment yet acknowledging the importance of the historical media in which images are manifested, An Anthropology of Images presents a challenging and provocative new account of what pictures are and how they function.The book demonstrates these ideas with a series of compelling case studies, ranging from Dante's picture theory to post-photography. One chapter explores the tension between image and medium in two "media of the body," the coat of arms and the portrait painting. Another, central chapter looks at the relationship between image and death, tracing picture production, including the first use of the mask, to early funerary rituals in which pictures served to represent the missing bodies of the dead. Pictures were tools to re-embody the deceased, to make them present again, a fact that offers a surprising clue to the riddle of presence and absence in most pictures and that reveals a genealogy of pictures obscured by Platonic picture theory.

Keywords

Ethnology in art. --- Visual anthropology. --- Visual sociology. --- Alex Katz. --- Allegory. --- Analogy. --- Anecdote. --- Anthropology of art. --- Anthropology of media. --- Antithesis. --- Aphorism. --- Archaeology. --- Art criticism. --- Art history. --- Art. --- Body image. --- Camera Work. --- Camera. --- Case study. --- Close-up. --- Coat of arms. --- Conceptual art. --- Consciousness. --- Countermovement. --- Creation myth. --- Creative work. --- Cultural anthropology. --- Cultural geography. --- Cultural heritage. --- Cultural history. --- Cultural memory. --- Dichotomy. --- Emblem. --- Emerging technologies. --- Escutcheon (heraldry). --- Explanation. --- Film theory. --- Fine art. --- Funerary art. --- Genre. --- Georges Bataille. --- Gudea. --- Historical anthropology. --- Historicity. --- Historiography. --- Human figure (aesthetics). --- Humanism. --- Humanities. --- Iconicity. --- Iconoclasm. --- Iconography. --- Iconology. --- Illustration. --- Imagery. --- Inference. --- Intentionality. --- Invention. --- Mark So. --- Masaccio. --- Medium theory. --- Mental image. --- Metaphor. --- Metonymy. --- Modernity. --- Necromancy. --- Neuromancer. --- On Photography. --- Philosophical anthropology. --- Philosophy. --- Photogram. --- Photograph. --- Photography. --- Photojournalism. --- Physiognomy. --- Pictorialism. --- Pigment. --- Primitive culture. --- Primitivism. --- Propaganda. --- Provenance. --- Religious image. --- Reproducibility. --- Secularization. --- Semiotics. --- Sightline. --- Simulacrum. --- Social anthropology. --- Special effect. --- Special rights. --- Structural anthropology. --- Subtitle (captioning). --- Symptom. --- Technology. --- Terminology. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Uniqueness. --- Visual artifact. --- Visual arts. --- Visual culture. --- Visual rhetoric. --- Work of art. --- Writing.

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