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Scepticism has been the driving force in the development of Greco-Roman culture in the past, and the impetus for far-reaching scientific achievements and philosophical investigation. Early Jewish culture, in contrast, avoided creating consistent representations of its philosophical doctrines. Sceptical notions can nevertheless be found in some early Jewish literature such as the Book of Ecclesiastes. One encounters there expressions of doubt with respect to Divine justice or even Divine involvement in earthly affairs. During the first centuries of the common era, however, Jewish thought, as reflected in rabbinic works, was engaged in persistent intellectual activity devoted to the laws, norms, regulations, exegesis and other traditional areas of Jewish religious knowledge. An effort to detect sceptical ideas in ancient Judaism, therefore, requires a closer analysis of this literary heritage and its cultural context.This volume of collected essays seeks to tackle the question of scepticism in an Early Jewish context, including Ecclesiastes and other Jewish Second Temple works, rabbinic midrashic and talmudic literature, and reflections of Jewish thought in early Christian and patristic writings. Contributors are: Tali Artman, Geoffrey Herman, Reuven Kiperwasser, Serge Ruzer, Cana Werman, and Carsten Wilke.
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This book is an analysis of early Jewish thought on human nature, specifically, the complex of characteristics that are understood to be universally innate, and/or God-given, to collective humanity and the manner which they depict human existence in relationship, or lack thereof, to God. Jewish discourse in the Greco-Roman period (4th c. BCE until 1st c. CE) on human nature was not exclusively particularistic, although the immediate concern was often communal-specific. Evidence shows that many of these discussions were also an attempt to grasp a general, or universal, human nature. The focus of this work has been narrowed to three categories that encapsulate the most prevalent themes in Second Temple Jewish texts, namely, creation, composition, and condition.
Ecclesiastes --- Anthropology --- Second Temple --- Early Judaism --- Josephus
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the volume researches Baruch chapters 4–5 in the following successive steps. The first step is a structural analysis of the three different units of the chapters, 4:5–29; 4:30–5:6; 5:7–9, during which the structure of the greater units (strophes, cantos) will be investigated, together with the structural relationship of these units with each other. After this, the biblical background of the passages is explored. The Scriptural passages that prove to be authoritative or influential for the author(s) of the Baruch passages give clues as to the particular interest and intention of the author(s). This step is supplemented by an inquiry into the tradition historical background of the prophetic psalms. Finally, I close this short monograph with some basic comments on several formative issues of Baruch 4:5–5:9.The book is written for the interest of scholars of Second Temple Judaism, biblical interpretation, and the effective history of Scripture.
Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Apocrypha. --- Deuterocanonical Books. --- Early Judaism.
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In einer Situation, in der die Bedrohung der Welt immer deutlicher wird, ja sich die Auswirkungen der Umweltzerstörung am Menschen selbst zu rächen beginnen, erlangt die Besinnung auf Grunddaten jüdischer wie christlicher Schöpfungstheologien neue Aktualität. Die insgesamt 19 Beiträge des hier vorliegenden Bandes erarbeiten eine große Bandbreite frühjüdischer und antik-christlicher Texte, die sich mit Welt und Mensch als Schöpfung Gottes auseinandersetzen. Dabei zeigt sich die enge Verknüpfung der Rede von der Schöpfung mit der Frage nach dem "Woher" von Welt und Mensch und ihre Verbindung mit dem Bild eines Menschen, der sich Gott verdankt und in eine von Gott als "gut" konzipierten Kosmos gesetzt ist. Vom Anfang her wiederum bestimmt sich auch die Vorstellung des Endes: der Ursprung ist vom Sinn und dem Ziel des Daseins nicht zu trennen. Vor allem aber zeigt sich, dass die Rede von Welt und Mensch als Schöpfung nie von rein theoretischer Relevanz ist, sondern bereits in der Antike ein hohes ideologiekritisches Potenzial entfalten konnte.
Creation --- Biblical cosmology --- Biblical teaching --- Klein, Hans. --- Christianity in Antiquity. --- Early Judaism. --- Exegesis. --- Theology of Creation.
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The present volume contains papers delivered at the International Conference on the Deuterocanonical Books, held at the Sapientia College of Theology, Budapest, Hungary, 14-16 May, 2009. The contributions explore various aspects of the Book of Judith: its textual versions, historical background, theological ideas and literary afterlife.The conference, on which this volume is based, was the most comprehensive scholarly meeting devoted recently to the Book of Judith. The contributors reopened several basic questions concerning the writing, such as the identification of concrete historical personalities reflected in the book, or some aspects of the halakhic system of the author.The scope of the contributions extends also to the late mediaeval use of the book by European playwrights.
Electronic books. --- Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Apocrypha. --- Book of Judith. --- Deuterocanonical Book. --- Early Judaism. --- Old Testament.
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Ihrem ethischen Schwerpunkt zum Trotz sind die Testamente der Zwölf Patriarchen bislang hauptsächlich im Hinblick auf literarkritische Fragestellungen untersucht worden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird mit der Frage nach dem Verhältnis von ethischen und anthropologischen Aussagen in den Testamenten erstmals der inhaltliche Kern der Schrift eingehend erforscht. In einem ersten Schritt werden die ethischen Weisungen der Testamente in den Blick genommen und die Herkunft sowie die verbindenden Elemente der Tugend- und Lasterparänese herausgearbeitet. In einem zweiten Schritt wendet sich die Arbeit den anthropologischen Aussagen der Schrift zu, die ebenfalls auf Herkunft und verbindende Elemente hin befragt werden. In einer Zusammenschau der beiden großen Teile des vorliegenden Buches zeigt es sich, dass ethische und anthropologische Aussagen vom Autor der Testamente im Rahmen seiner theologischen Ansichten planvoll aufeinander bezogen werden. Mit der detaillierten inhaltlichen Erschließung der ethischen und anthropologischen Aussagen der Testamente der Zwölf Patriarchen liefert diese Studie einen Beitrag zur Erforschung hellenistisch-jüdischer Toraparänese, der aufgrund der zahlreichen Parallelen der Testamente zu neutestamentlichen und frühjüdischen Schriften für Neutestamentler und Judaisten gleichermaßen von großem Interesse ist.
Ethics. --- Anthropology. --- Testaments of the twelve patriarchs --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Anthropology. --- early Judaism. --- ethics.
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The volume publishes papers read at the tenth International Conference on the Deuterocanonical Books, Budapest, 2013. The authors explore various aspects of this literature, with pre-eminent emphasis on their relation to diverse early Jewish texts and traditions; their reactions on Hellenism; and the way they treated as a canonical collection within their history of interpretation.
Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Apocrypha. --- Biblical Studies. --- Early Judaism. --- Old Testament.
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The volume publishes papers presented at the International Conference on the Deuterocanonical Books (Pápa, Hungary). This conference dealt with the deuterocanonical additions of the Old Testament books. As such, this was one of the most extended discussions of these writings that has ever taken place at a scholarly meeting. The volume contains articles on the traditions and theology of the additions, and demonstrates their relationship with the contemporary literature of early Judaism.Several writings of the Hebrew Bible - such as Esther, Daniel and Jeremiah - have different textual forms in the Greek Bible, and these forms display amplified material compared to the Hebrew versions. These additions testify to the creative reflection of early Jewish circles on the basic traditions of these Books and the textual fluidity of the writings in question.The essays of this volume explore these additions, their relationship to the Hebrew parent texts, and their impact on the effective history of the interpretation of later centuries.
Apocryphal books (Old Testament) --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Bible. --- Criticism, Textual --- Versions --- Biblical Studies. --- Deuterocanonical Literature. --- Early Judaism. --- Old Testament.
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This is the first full-scale, verse-by-verse commentary on 4 Baruch. The pseudepigraphon, written in the second century, is in large measure an attempt to address the situation following the destruction of the temple in 70 CE by recounting legends about the first destruction of the temple, the Babylonian captivity, and the return from exile. 4 Bruch is notable for its tale about Jeremiah's companion, Abimelech, who sleeps through the entire exilic period. This tale lies behind the famous Christian legend of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus and is part of the genealogy of Washington Irving's "Rip Van Winkle." Allison's commentary draws upon an exceptionally broad range of ancient sources in an attempt to clarify 4 Baruch's original setting, compositional history, and meaning.
4 Baruch. --- Antikes Christentum. --- Antikes Judentum. --- Bible Commentary. --- Early Christianity. --- Early Judaism. --- Kommentar. --- Pseudepigrapha. --- Vierter Baruch. --- Paralipomena Jeremiae
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As the first comparative study of Colossians and 1 Peter, the book fills a lacuna by exploring each author's understanding of the new existence and the means to righteous living. If the epistles end up offering almost identical paraenesis, why do they have such distinctive theological patterns of thought? The conventional starting point in Colossian and 1 Peter studies centers on the recipients' needs. Much has been learned from these investigations and is kept in view. However, the extent to which each epistle's theology reflects an underlying pattern of ideas within each author's worldview is less well understood. Setting the author's views in the context of the literature of early Judaism throws fresh light on his thought-world and understanding of the new existence and moral enablement. Evidence exists which indicates that streams of traditions in Early Judaism Literature, factors other than the recipients' needs, contribute to the theology within each epistle and may account for distinctive aspects identified between Colossians and 1 Peter. Exploration of 4QInstruction and the Hodayot, texts discovered at Qumran, provides precedents, precursors, and parallels for the distinctive emphases investigated. Thus, they shed new light on each epistle.
Wisdom --- Religious aspects. --- 4QInstruction. --- Bible. --- Thanksgiving Psalms. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Dead Sea Scrolls. --- Qumran. --- anthopology. --- early Judaism literature. --- ethics.
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