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Management practices matter for firm performance. As energy is one input in firm production, management practices may interact with energy use. Using a comprehensive firm-level database covering 31 countries, this study documents the link between structured management practices, energy use, and firm performance. The paper reports several findings. First, although management is negatively correlated with energy expenditure, it bears a positive (or 0) relationship with physical energy use, suggesting that management effort is directed toward saving costs but not reducing environmental impact. These results are primarily driven by the manufacturing sector. Second, among the structured management practices examined, those relating to target-setting are associated with reduced energy expenditure intensity. Third, generic management practices are correlated with greater discipline around energy management. Finally, while generic practices are correlated with stronger firm performance in manufacturing and services, energy-centric practices show a positive association only in services. Vast heterogeneity in adoption and outcomes suggests that targeted approaches to encourage energy management practices in firms may be more effective than uniform ones.

Energy --- Energy and Environment --- Energy Demand --- Energy Intensity --- Energy Policies and Economics --- Energy Use --- Environmental Impact --- Firm Performance --- Management Practices --- Organizational Management --- Private Sector Development --- Private Sector Economics

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Ongoing urbanization and ever-growing harmful environmental impacts from urban areas necessitate a sustainability transformation in cities. However, cities are also centers of wealth creation and consumption, which both drive environmental degradation. It is clear that cities need to re-establish themselves as low-energy/low-carbon systems, but the transformation is complex in many ways and time is running out. This Special Issue, “Energy Efficient Cities of Today and Tomorrow”, seeks to provide a more profound understanding of the future energy requirements of urban areas and low-energy and low-carbon cities. The published papers range from macro-level assessments of cities manifesting themselves as forerunners in their environmental work to micro-level studies of pro-environmental attitudes and their impacts on individual emissions, a carbon footprint impacts of sharing of goods and services.

History of engineering & technology --- pro-environmental attitude --- pro-environmental behavior --- greenhouse gases --- urban zones --- local travel --- national travel --- international travel --- energy efficient refurbishment measures --- residential buildings --- decision-making --- Theory of Planned Behavior --- energy audit --- green buildings --- LEED rating system --- operation and management --- methodology --- workflow --- historic buildings --- energy transition --- sustainable cities --- transition roadmaps --- renewable energies --- policymaking --- energy democracy --- energy mapping --- household size --- household economies of scale --- carbon footprint --- energy footprint --- consumption --- European Union --- urban --- rural --- population density --- climate change mitigation --- energy community --- urban building energy modelling --- transition management --- multi-level perspective --- sustainable transition --- energy modelling --- urban scale energy modelling --- building energy use --- localized weather data --- urban building energy use model --- Manhattan --- modelling --- Wepro model --- residential --- household --- electricity --- load profiles --- LPG --- ALPG --- Swedish cities --- passenger transport energy use --- urban form --- transport infrastructure --- mobility patterns --- public transport --- non-motorized modes

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Ongoing urbanization and ever-growing harmful environmental impacts from urban areas necessitate a sustainability transformation in cities. However, cities are also centers of wealth creation and consumption, which both drive environmental degradation. It is clear that cities need to re-establish themselves as low-energy/low-carbon systems, but the transformation is complex in many ways and time is running out. This Special Issue, “Energy Efficient Cities of Today and Tomorrow”, seeks to provide a more profound understanding of the future energy requirements of urban areas and low-energy and low-carbon cities. The published papers range from macro-level assessments of cities manifesting themselves as forerunners in their environmental work to micro-level studies of pro-environmental attitudes and their impacts on individual emissions, a carbon footprint impacts of sharing of goods and services.

pro-environmental attitude --- pro-environmental behavior --- greenhouse gases --- urban zones --- local travel --- national travel --- international travel --- energy efficient refurbishment measures --- residential buildings --- decision-making --- Theory of Planned Behavior --- energy audit --- green buildings --- LEED rating system --- operation and management --- methodology --- workflow --- historic buildings --- energy transition --- sustainable cities --- transition roadmaps --- renewable energies --- policymaking --- energy democracy --- energy mapping --- household size --- household economies of scale --- carbon footprint --- energy footprint --- consumption --- European Union --- urban --- rural --- population density --- climate change mitigation --- energy community --- urban building energy modelling --- transition management --- multi-level perspective --- sustainable transition --- energy modelling --- urban scale energy modelling --- building energy use --- localized weather data --- urban building energy use model --- Manhattan --- modelling --- Wepro model --- residential --- household --- electricity --- load profiles --- LPG --- ALPG --- Swedish cities --- passenger transport energy use --- urban form --- transport infrastructure --- mobility patterns --- public transport --- non-motorized modes

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Since its first development in the 1970's, Process Integration (PI) has become an important methodology in achieving more energy efficient processes. This pioneering handbook brings together the leading scientists and researchers currently contributing to PI development, pooling their expertise and specialist knowledge to provide readers with a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the latest PI research and applications. After an introduction to the principles of PI, the book reviews a wide range of process design and integration topics ranging from heat and utility systems to water...

Energy use. --- Refuse disposal industry. --- Waste management. --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Renewable energy sources. --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Power (Mechanics) --- Energy conservation. --- Heat engineering. --- Water efficiency. --- Production engineering.

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Access to energy, especially modern sources, is a key to any development initiative. Based on cross-section data from a 2004 survey of some 2,300 households in rural Bangladesh, this paper studies the welfare impacts of household energy use, including that of modern energy, and estimates the household minimum energy requirement that could be used as a basis for an energy poverty line. The paper finds that although the use of both traditional (biomass energy burned in conventional stoves) and modern (electricity and kerosene) sources improves household consumption and income, the return on modern sources is 20 to 25 times higher than that on traditional sources. In addition, after comparing alternate measures of the energy poverty line, the paper finds that some 58 percent of rural households in Bangladesh are energy poor, compared with 45 percent that are income poor. The findings suggest that growth in electrification and adoption of efficient cooking stoves for biomass use can lower energy poverty in a climate-friendly way by reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Reducing energy poverty helps reduce income poverty as well.

Access to energy --- Air pollution --- Biomass --- Biomass energy --- Burning biomass --- Carbon dioxide --- Carbon dioxide emissions --- Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases --- Demand for energy --- Electricity --- Electrification --- Energy --- Energy and Environment --- Energy consumption --- Energy Demand --- Energy Production and Transportation --- Energy requirement --- Energy use --- Environment --- Environment and Energy Efficiency --- Green house gases --- Heat --- Kerosene --- Modern fuels --- Rural energy --- Rural energy development --- Traditional biomass