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Marine power systems have been designed to be a safer alternative to stationary plants in order to adhere to the regulations of classification societies. Marine steam boilers recently achieved 10 MPa pressure, in comparison to stationary plants, where a typical boiler pressure of 17 MPa was the standard for years. The latest land-based, ultra-supercritical steam boilers reach 25 MPa pressure and 620 °C temperatures, which increases plant efficiency and reduces fuel consumption. There is little chance that such a plant concept could be applied to ships. The reliability of marine power systems has to be higher due to the lack of available spare parts and services that are available for shore power systems. Some systems are still very expensive and are not able to be widely utilized for commercial merchant fleets such as COGAS, mainly due to the high cost of gas turbines. Submarine vehicles are also part of marine power systems, which have to be reliable and accurate in their operation due to their distant control centers. Materials that are used in marine environments are prone to faster corrosive wear, so special care also should be taken in this regard. The main aim of this Special Issue is to discuss the options and possibilities of utilizing energy in a more economical way, taking into account the reliability of such a system in operation.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- atmospheric drain tank --- energy analysis --- exergy analysis --- optimization --- marine propulsion --- propulsion failure --- propulsion failure analysis --- mechanical failure --- LNG tanker --- combined cycle --- propulsion main engine --- marine diesel engine --- split injection --- fuel consumption --- NOx emissions --- exergy destruction --- exergy efficiency --- marine steam turbine --- MLP neural network --- turbine cylinders --- reliability --- fault tree analysis --- failure diagnosis --- diesel engine turbocharger --- maintenance --- underwater vehicle --- isolation --- flexible foundation --- vibration mitigation --- CODLAG --- data-driven modelling --- genetic programming --- decay state coefficients --- submarine cable --- hydraulic jet --- jet parameter --- operation efficiency --- trigeneration energy system --- cogeneration --- absorption cooling --- heating and cooling output --- n/a

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The rising trend in the global energy demand poses new challenges to humankind. The energy and mechanical engineering sectors are called to develop new and more environmentally friendly solutions to harvest residual energy from primary production processes. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is an emerging energy system for power production and waste heat recovery. In the near future, this technology can play an increasing role within the energy generation sectors and can help achieve the carbon footprint reduction targets of many industrial processes and human activities. This Special Issue focuses on selected research and application cases of ORC-based waste heat recovery solutions. Topics included in this publication cover the following aspects: performance modeling and optimization of ORC systems based on pure and zeotropic mixture working fluids; applications of waste heat recovery via ORC to gas turbines and reciprocating engines; optimal sizing and operation of ORC under combined heat and power and district heating application; the potential of ORC on board ships and related issues; life cycle analysis for biomass application; ORC integration with supercritical CO2 cycle; and the proper design of the main ORC components, including fluid dynamics issues. The current state of the art is considered and some cutting-edge ORC technology research activities are examined in this book.

History of engineering & technology --- organic Rankine cycle system --- zeotropic mixture --- heat exchanger --- low grade heat --- thermodynamic optimization --- method comparison --- micro-ORC --- gear pump --- CFD --- mesh morphing --- pressure pulsation --- cavitation --- dynamic analysis --- energy analysis --- exergy analysis --- organic Rankine cycle --- waste heat recovery --- natural gas engine --- scroll --- opensource CFD --- OpenFOAM --- CoolFOAM --- WOM --- positive displacement machine --- expander --- ORC --- ORC integration technologies --- advanced thermodynamic cycles --- decentralised energy systems --- benzene --- toluene --- cyclopentane --- internal combustion engine --- cogeneration --- district heating --- low sulfur fuels --- regression model --- predictive model --- ship --- techno-economic feasibility --- machinery system optimization --- life cycle assessment --- biomass --- CHP --- carbon footprint of energy production --- Brayton --- environmental impact --- exergy --- life cycle analysis --- performance parameters

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The rising trend in the global energy demand poses new challenges to humankind. The energy and mechanical engineering sectors are called to develop new and more environmentally friendly solutions to harvest residual energy from primary production processes. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is an emerging energy system for power production and waste heat recovery. In the near future, this technology can play an increasing role within the energy generation sectors and can help achieve the carbon footprint reduction targets of many industrial processes and human activities. This Special Issue focuses on selected research and application cases of ORC-based waste heat recovery solutions. Topics included in this publication cover the following aspects: performance modeling and optimization of ORC systems based on pure and zeotropic mixture working fluids; applications of waste heat recovery via ORC to gas turbines and reciprocating engines; optimal sizing and operation of ORC under combined heat and power and district heating application; the potential of ORC on board ships and related issues; life cycle analysis for biomass application; ORC integration with supercritical CO2 cycle; and the proper design of the main ORC components, including fluid dynamics issues. The current state of the art is considered and some cutting-edge ORC technology research activities are examined in this book.

organic Rankine cycle system --- zeotropic mixture --- heat exchanger --- low grade heat --- thermodynamic optimization --- method comparison --- micro-ORC --- gear pump --- CFD --- mesh morphing --- pressure pulsation --- cavitation --- dynamic analysis --- energy analysis --- exergy analysis --- organic Rankine cycle --- waste heat recovery --- natural gas engine --- scroll --- opensource CFD --- OpenFOAM --- CoolFOAM --- WOM --- positive displacement machine --- expander --- ORC --- ORC integration technologies --- advanced thermodynamic cycles --- decentralised energy systems --- benzene --- toluene --- cyclopentane --- internal combustion engine --- cogeneration --- district heating --- low sulfur fuels --- regression model --- predictive model --- ship --- techno-economic feasibility --- machinery system optimization --- life cycle assessment --- biomass --- CHP --- carbon footprint of energy production --- Brayton --- environmental impact --- exergy --- life cycle analysis --- performance parameters

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The Special Issue “Refrigeration Systems and Applications” aims to encourage researchers to address the concerns associated with climate change and the sustainability of artificial cold production systems, and to further the transition to the more sustainable technologies and methodologies of tomorrow through theoretical, experimental, and review research on the different applications of refrigeration and associated topics.

artificial neural network --- P-? indicator diagram --- r1234ze(e) --- experimental --- ethylene-glycol nanofluids --- HFO --- magneto-caloric effect --- thermodynamic analysis --- HVAC --- refrigerant reclamation --- domestic refrigeration system --- distillation --- R-410A --- energy efficiency --- energy consumption --- LiCl-H2O --- acetoxy silicone rubber --- exergy analysis --- two-phase ejector --- modelling --- Cu nanofluids --- off-design behaviors --- eddy currents --- heat transfer --- phase change material --- r1234yf --- superheating --- irreversibility --- gadolinium --- CFD --- artificial neural network (ANN) --- CO2 --- chiller energy consumption --- vapor compression system --- thermal energy storage --- heat pump --- nanofluids --- thermodynamic performance --- transiting exergy --- caloric cooling --- solid-state cooling --- LiBr-H2O --- parasitic heat load --- hydraulic turbine --- calculation model --- magnetic refrigeration --- coefficient of performance --- transcritical system --- magnetocaloric effect --- LaFe13 ? x ? yCoxSiy --- twin-screw refrigeration compressor --- absorption refrigeration system --- thermal load --- ejector refrigeration technology --- barocaloric

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Industrial energy efficiency has been recognized as a major contributor, in the broader set of industrial resources, to improved sustainability and circular economy. Nevertheless, the uptake of energy efficiency measures and practices is still quite low, due to the existence of several barriers. Research has broadly discussed them, together with their drivers. More recently, many researchers have highlighted the existence of several benefits, beyond mere energy savings, stemming from the adoption of such measures, for several stakeholders involved in the value chain of energy efficiency solutions. Nevertheless, a deep understanding of the relationships between the use of the energy resource and other resources in industry, together with the most important factors for the uptake of such measures—also in light of the implications on the industrial operations—is still lacking. However, such understanding could further stimulate the adoption of solutions for improved industrial energy efficiency and sustainability.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- contaminated soil --- polluted soil --- thermal desorption --- thermal remediation --- energy analysis and exergy analysis --- energy saving --- heat integration --- operability --- retrofit --- oil refinery --- interviews --- heat transfer --- waste heat recovery --- dusty flue gas --- granular bed --- buried tubes --- iron and steel industry --- techno-economic pathways --- decarbonization --- CO2 emissions --- carbon abatement measures --- construction --- building --- supply chain --- roadmap --- heavy industry --- carbon abatement --- emissions reduction --- climate transition --- multi-agent cooperation --- reduced-dimension Q(λ) --- optimal carbon-energy combined-flow --- energy efficiency --- compressed air systems --- energy efficiency measures --- nonenergy benefits --- assessment factors --- industrial energy efficiency --- energy efficiency culture --- energy efficiency practices --- energy management --- cogeneration --- trigeneration --- sustainability --- tropical climate country --- biomass --- advanced exergoeconomic analysis --- spray dryer --- exergy destruction cost rate --- energy management practices --- assessment model