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Spiders are among the most diverse groups of terrestrial invertebrates, yet they are among the least studied and understood. This first comprehensive guide to all 68 spider families in North America beautifully illustrates 469 of the most commonly encountered species. Group keys enable identification by web type and other observable details, and species descriptions include identification tips, typical habitat, geographic distribution, and behavioral notes. A concise illustrated introduction to spider biology and anatomy explains spider relationships. This book is a critical resource for curious naturalists who want to understand this ubiquitous and ecologically critical component of our biosphere.

Spiders --- Araneae --- Araneida --- Arachnida --- Arachnids --- Arthropoda --- behavioral notes. --- biology. --- bugs. --- common species. --- common spiders of north america. --- diverse groups. --- engaging. --- entomology. --- food sources. --- geographic distribution. --- hunting spiders. --- illustrated guide. --- life sciences. --- natural habitats. --- natural sciences. --- naturalists. --- north american spiders. --- resource book. --- science. --- spider anatomy. --- spider biology. --- spider families. --- spider identification guide. --- spider relationships. --- spider species. --- spiders. --- terrestrial invertebrates. --- typical habitat. --- web spiders. --- web types. --- zoology.

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The industrialization of the urban food system, alongside the proliferation of supermarkets, has dramatically transformed the landscape of food accessibility in cities. In many countries, the spatial consolidation of food provisioning has deprived many urban neighbourhoods of easy access to food, particularly foodstuffs integral to a healthy diet. These often socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas are referred to as “food deserts”. However, studies of urban food deserts in cities of the Global South are sparse, given their complicated urban food systems with the strong presence of informal food economies and diverse food sources. This book draws on empirical studies from South African, Brazilian and Chinese cities to investigate the food desert narrative, the characteristics of urban food environment and the various socioeconomic factors shaping it, as well as the food security and health consequences of urban food deserts. These studies reveal the limitations of applying the food desert concept to cities in the Global South and call for more holistic measurements of urban food insecurity.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- proximity to food outlets --- dietary diversity --- food access --- food security --- food environment --- food geographies --- food deserts --- malnutrition --- children --- urbanization --- Southern Africa --- food sources --- urban food system --- NOVA food classification system --- shopping behaviors --- food insecurity --- food purchasing characteristics --- socioeconomic area --- obesity --- out-shoppers --- Windhoek --- Namibia --- informal settlements --- informal food sector --- supermarkets --- urban poverty --- social networks --- food desert --- food justice --- African urbanism --- African food systems --- food policy --- Food deserts --- food sourcing --- Mexico City --- Nairobi --- food environments --- urban --- mapping --- nutrition --- South Africa --- Ghana --- governance --- ultra-processed

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The annual scientific conference of the Nutrition Society of New Zealand was held virtually on the 2nd and 3rd December 2021. The aim of the annual conference is to foster discussion and disseminate the results of nutrition-related research. The conference also provides an opportunity for those working in practice to share their experiences and keep up to date with scientific advancements. The theme of the conference was ‘Reconnecting – Tūhono’. One hundred and sixty-nine delegates attended over the two days. The programme comprised five plenary sessions, five concurrent oral sessions, and twenty-three short, prerecorded videos, with the latter serving as a replacement for the traditional poster format. Highlights of the five plenary sessions included presentations on food sovereignty by Dr Bevan Eruti and Christina McKerchar; women’s health by Dr Megan Ogilvie and Dane Baker; sustainable diets by Dr Brent Clothier, Dr Nick Smith, and Dr Cristina Cleghorn; healthy environments for children by Jasmin Jackson; and the gut–brain axis and future foods by Dr Pramod Gopal, Tracey Bear, and Dr Jocelyn Eason. The Muriel Bell Lecture entitled ‘Lick the plate clean: the intersection of food, nutrition, and waste’ was presented by Professor Sheila Skeaff of the Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- sustainability --- food companies --- indicators --- Kaupapa M¯aori --- dietary recall assessment --- food frequency questionnaire --- sodium --- salt --- food sources --- diet --- blood pressure --- New Zealand --- aging --- older adults --- malnutrition --- biochemical indices --- haematological indices --- oralnutritional supplement --- beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) --- depression --- anxiety --- mood --- mental health --- food --- inflammation --- microbiome-gutbrainaxis --- Hauora --- childhood well-being --- nutrition --- food security --- obesity --- dietary guidelines --- food choice --- greenhouse gas emissions --- food systems --- food waste --- education resources --- knowledge translation --- early-life --- pregnancy --- infancy --- qualitative research --- netnography --- infant food pouches --- complementary feeding --- infants --- melatonin --- tryptophan --- HPLC method development --- M¯aori mothers --- food access --- vitamin D --- sun exposure --- knowledge --- attitudes --- behaviours --- parents --- children --- evidence based practice --- gestational diabetes mellitus --- research gaps --- clinical practiceguidelines --- systematic review --- vegetarian --- female adolescents --- micronutrient status --- iron status --- iron deficiency --- vegetarianism --- Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) knowledge --- education --- healthcare professionals --- active individuals --- nutrition care --- nurses --- NUTCOMP --- irritable bowel syndrome --- Women’sWellness --- lifestyle program