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Cytomegalovirus infections --- Ganciclovir --- Cytomegalovirus Infections --- Cytomegalovirus Infections --- Cytomegalovirus --- Ganciclovir --- Ganciclovir --- Chemotherapy --- complications --- drug therapy --- drug effects --- pharmacology --- therapeutic use
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Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement d’un protocole de thérapie génique de tumeurs cérébrales expérimentales chez le rat, basée sur le transfert adénoviral du gène suicide de la thymidine kinase du virus Herpes simplex. Afin d’étudier la toxicité de cette approche thérapeutique au niveau du tissu cérébral sain environnant la tumeur, la gène suicide a été transféré in vitro dans différentes cultures de cellules cérébrales de rat.
Trois types de culture ont été mises au point et caractérisées : les cultures astrocytaires pures, neuronales pures et les cultures mixtes.
Afin d’évaluer la capacité d’infecter et de transférer un gène étranger dans les astrocytes et les neurones, les différentes cultures ont été infectées par un adénovirus porteur du gène lac Z d’Escherichia coli codant la β-galactosidase (AdRSVβgal). La révélation histochimique de la β-galactosidase et les marquages immunocytochimiques permettent d’identifier les cellules infectées in vitro par AdRSVβgal. L’adénovirus transfère efficacement le gène de la β-galactosidase dans un grand nombre d’astrocytes (cellules mitotiques) ou de neurones (cellules quiescentes). Cependant, l’efficience d’infection est toujours plus élevée pour les astrocytes que pour les neurones.
Le gène de la thymidine kinase du virus Herpes simplex (HSVtk) a ensuite été utilisé comme gène suicide, et a été transféré dans les cellules en culture par l’adénovirus recombinant AdRSVtk. La protéine HSVtk confère aux cellules qui l’expriment une sensibilité au traitement par des analogues de nucléosides tels que le ganciclovir. In vitro, le test de cytotoxicité MTT ainsi que les marquages immunocytochimiques révèlent une forte toxicité du ganciclovir pour les astrocytes infectés par AdRSVtk, par rapport à celle observée sur les neurones infectés par le même adénovirus. Il suffit qu’un très faible pourcentage des astrocytes soit infectés par AdRSVtk pour observer une toxicité du ganciclovir sur l’ensemble de la culture astrocytaire.
Herpes Simplex --- Thymidine Kinase --- Gene Transfer --- Cell Culture Techniques --- Ganciclovir --- Medical Laboratory Science
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic --- Ganciclovir --- Glioma --- Thymidine Kinase --- Genetic Therapy --- Simplexvirus --- Bystander Effect --- pharmacology --- genetics --- genetics --- genetics --- physiology
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Outcome assessment (Medical care) --- Valganciclovir --- Cytomegalovirus infections --- Chronic fatigue syndrome --- Clinical medicine --- Cohort study --- Confounding --- External validity --- Ganciclovir --- Glioblastoma --- Health --- Health care --- Health sciences --- Therapeutic use. --- Chemotherapy.
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Nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and their chemical analogs have been utilized as building materials due to their biocompatibility and programmability. RNA, which naturally possesses a wide range of different functions, is now being widely investigated for its role as a responsive biomaterial which dynamically reacts to changes in the surrounding environment. It is now evident that artificially designed self-assembling RNAs, that can form programmable nanoparticles and supra-assemblies, will play an increasingly important part in a diverse range of applications, such as macromolecular therapies, drug delivery systems, biosensing, tissue engineering, programmable scaffolds for material organization, logic gates, and soft actuators, to name but a few. The current exciting Special Issue comprises research highlights, short communications, research articles, and reviews that all bring together the leading scientists who are exploring a wide range of the fundamental properties of RNA and DNA nanoassemblies suitable for biomedical applications.
cotranscriptional folding --- n/a --- RNA --- conditionally activated --- i-motif DNA --- spinal cord tumor --- fluorescence --- dynamic --- stability --- functional RNA --- ribozyme --- biological media --- RNA aptamers --- gene therapy --- biosensors --- viral vector --- ganciclovir --- RNA self-assembly --- RNA nanoparticle --- gene delivery --- riboswitch --- non-viral gene delivery --- NANPs --- silver nanoclusters --- small-angle neutron scattering --- contrast variation --- aptamers --- RNA logic --- fluorogenic RNA --- glioblastoma multiforme --- RNA interference --- nucleic acid nanoparticles --- immunostimulation --- aggregation --- small-angle X-ray scattering --- non-viral vector --- light-up aptamer --- nucleic acid therapeutic --- live-cell imaging --- DNA nanotechnology --- nucleic acid computing --- nanopores --- structural characterization --- siRNA --- suicide gene therapy --- nucleic acid nanoparticle --- cytosine rich sequences --- RNA nanotechnology --- logic gates --- serum --- conditional activation
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Antiviral agents are used for the treatment of viral diseases. Antiviral drugs have been successfully developed and used clinically for a limited number of important human viral diseases notably caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), herpes, and influenza viruses. Despite the successes of these antiviral drugs, issues with drug resistance and toxicity remain challenging. These challenges are driving research to identify new drug candidates and to investigate novel drug targets to develop new mechanistic drug classes. Antiviral agents are not available against many viruses that cause human disease and economic burdens; in particular, the development of antiviral agents against emerging, re-emerging, and neglected viruses is increasingly becoming a priority. This book includes six review articles that discuss new antiviral strategies. The reviews either discuss advances relating to a specific virus or new therapeutic targets and approaches. The book includes 15 original research articles reporting new antiviral agents against a variety of clinically and economically important viruses and studies into the prevalence or acquisition of drug resistance. Overall, this book is an exciting collection of new research and ideas relating to the development of antiviral agents.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Zika virus --- nucleoside analogues --- antiviral agents --- NS5 --- prodrugs --- ProTides --- neural stem cells --- RNA-dependent RNA polymerase --- cytomegalovirus --- latent infection --- TALEN --- Surveyor nuclease mutation detection assay --- ie-1 gene --- quantitative real-time PCR --- Epstein–Barr virus --- herpes viruses --- lytic gene expression --- Burkitt lymphoma cells --- clozapine --- antipsychotic drug --- antiviral drug --- enteroviruses --- coxsackievirus B4 --- persistent infection --- fluoxetine --- resistance --- mutations --- herpes B virus --- macacine herpesvirus-1 --- genistein --- flavonoids --- acyclovir --- ganciclovir --- Plantago asiatica --- Clerodendrum trichotomum --- RSV --- therapeutic effects --- acteoside --- human antimicrobial peptides --- antiviral strategies --- defensins --- cathelicidins --- hepcidins --- transferrins --- influenza A virus --- brevilin A --- antiviral --- sesquiterpene lactone --- replication --- PRRSV --- polyethylenimine --- PEI --- virion internalization --- endocytosis --- HIV --- pediatrics --- Ethiopia --- pre-treatment drug resistance --- combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) --- dried plasma spots --- dried blood spots --- sphingolipids --- glycosphingolipids --- viruses --- lipid biosynthesis --- flavivirus --- Japanese encephalitis virus --- furin inhibitor --- precursor membrane protein --- measles virus --- central nervous system --- tropism --- treatments --- porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus --- ginsenoside Rg1 --- antiviral activity --- pro-inflammatory factor --- NF-κB signaling pathway --- acute/latent infection --- congenital infection --- antiviral agent --- therapeutic strategies --- nucleic acid-based therapeutic approach --- HCMV vaccine --- adoptive cell therapy --- Rev response element --- chemical footprinting --- SHAPE --- drug discovery --- branched peptides --- herpesvirus --- immediate-early --- IE1 --- IE2 --- ribozyme --- RNA interference --- CRISPR/Cas --- small molecule --- orthohantavirus --- phenyl-benzotriazoles --- C-FRA --- Porcine circovirus type 2 --- epigallocatechin gallate --- heparan sulfate --- antiviral effect --- virus attachment --- microvirin --- lectin --- human immunodeficiency virus --- hepatitis C virus --- antiviral inhibitor --- non-immunogenic --- viral entry --- protein drugs --- LUMS1 --- oleanane-type derivatives --- influenza A virus (IAV) --- virus entry inhibitors --- hemagglutinin (HA) --- n/a --- Epstein-Barr virus
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Antiviral agents are used for the treatment of viral diseases. Antiviral drugs have been successfully developed and used clinically for a limited number of important human viral diseases notably caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), herpes, and influenza viruses. Despite the successes of these antiviral drugs, issues with drug resistance and toxicity remain challenging. These challenges are driving research to identify new drug candidates and to investigate novel drug targets to develop new mechanistic drug classes. Antiviral agents are not available against many viruses that cause human disease and economic burdens; in particular, the development of antiviral agents against emerging, re-emerging, and neglected viruses is increasingly becoming a priority. This book includes six review articles that discuss new antiviral strategies. The reviews either discuss advances relating to a specific virus or new therapeutic targets and approaches. The book includes 15 original research articles reporting new antiviral agents against a variety of clinically and economically important viruses and studies into the prevalence or acquisition of drug resistance. Overall, this book is an exciting collection of new research and ideas relating to the development of antiviral agents.
Zika virus --- nucleoside analogues --- antiviral agents --- NS5 --- prodrugs --- ProTides --- neural stem cells --- RNA-dependent RNA polymerase --- cytomegalovirus --- latent infection --- TALEN --- Surveyor nuclease mutation detection assay --- ie-1 gene --- quantitative real-time PCR --- Epstein–Barr virus --- herpes viruses --- lytic gene expression --- Burkitt lymphoma cells --- clozapine --- antipsychotic drug --- antiviral drug --- enteroviruses --- coxsackievirus B4 --- persistent infection --- fluoxetine --- resistance --- mutations --- herpes B virus --- macacine herpesvirus-1 --- genistein --- flavonoids --- acyclovir --- ganciclovir --- Plantago asiatica --- Clerodendrum trichotomum --- RSV --- therapeutic effects --- acteoside --- human antimicrobial peptides --- antiviral strategies --- defensins --- cathelicidins --- hepcidins --- transferrins --- influenza A virus --- brevilin A --- antiviral --- sesquiterpene lactone --- replication --- PRRSV --- polyethylenimine --- PEI --- virion internalization --- endocytosis --- HIV --- pediatrics --- Ethiopia --- pre-treatment drug resistance --- combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) --- dried plasma spots --- dried blood spots --- sphingolipids --- glycosphingolipids --- viruses --- lipid biosynthesis --- flavivirus --- Japanese encephalitis virus --- furin inhibitor --- precursor membrane protein --- measles virus --- central nervous system --- tropism --- treatments --- porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus --- ginsenoside Rg1 --- antiviral activity --- pro-inflammatory factor --- NF-κB signaling pathway --- acute/latent infection --- congenital infection --- antiviral agent --- therapeutic strategies --- nucleic acid-based therapeutic approach --- HCMV vaccine --- adoptive cell therapy --- Rev response element --- chemical footprinting --- SHAPE --- drug discovery --- branched peptides --- herpesvirus --- immediate-early --- IE1 --- IE2 --- ribozyme --- RNA interference --- CRISPR/Cas --- small molecule --- orthohantavirus --- phenyl-benzotriazoles --- C-FRA --- Porcine circovirus type 2 --- epigallocatechin gallate --- heparan sulfate --- antiviral effect --- virus attachment --- microvirin --- lectin --- human immunodeficiency virus --- hepatitis C virus --- antiviral inhibitor --- non-immunogenic --- viral entry --- protein drugs --- LUMS1 --- oleanane-type derivatives --- influenza A virus (IAV) --- virus entry inhibitors --- hemagglutinin (HA) --- n/a --- Epstein-Barr virus
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