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Nutraceuticals are a challenge for the future of prevention and therapy in healthcare. The possibility to prevent and/or support pharmacological therapy, which is nowadays mainly based on pharmaceuticals, can be a powerful tool to face pathological, chronic, long-term diseases in subjects who do not qualify for a pharmacological therapy. Nutraceuticals are obtained from vegetal or animal origin foods, and prospective research on these products will clarify their role, safety and efficacy by substantiating their role with clinical data. An effort to clarify their mechanism of action will open a door to the next generation of therapeutic agents that do not propose themselves as an alternative to drugs, but, instead, can be helpful to complement a pharmacological therapy, and to prevent the onset of chronical diseases. The market as well as the interest of people in naturally-derived remedies and less synthetic pharmaceuticals is growing, and the attention of the collective public imagination is nowadays more strongly focused on these food-derived products. This Special Issue is dedicated to the role of and perspectives on nutraceuticals in human health, examined from different angles ranging from analytical aspects to clinical trials, and from efficacy studies to beneficial effects on health conditions.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- bioactive polysaccharides --- extraction --- biomedical applications --- fenugreek seed --- garlic --- linseed --- copper sulfate --- yolk --- cholesterol --- carotenoid --- flavonoids --- oxidative status --- polyphenols --- yolk color --- apigenin --- luteolin --- degradation --- ferrous ions --- cupric ions --- cervical cancer cells --- growth inhibition --- apoptosis --- egg quality --- Haugh unit --- spirulina --- antioxidant capacity --- fulvic acids --- functional beverage --- iron --- mineral --- Allium sativum --- β-carboline alkaloids --- anti-adipogenic effects --- 3T3-L1 preadipocytes --- Ac-α-tubulin --- grape --- grape seeds --- FTIR spectroscopy --- chemometrics --- fatty acids --- phenolic compounds --- biorefinery --- nutraceuticals --- Prunus serotine --- defatted flour --- soluble protein --- protein concentrate --- emulsifying properties --- emulsion stability --- ginger water --- obesity --- energy homeostasis --- gene expression --- rat --- anti-inflammatory --- antimicrobial --- antioxidant --- anthocyanins --- medicinal foods --- Platycodon grandiflorus --- medicinal food --- saponins --- human health --- applications --- cherry --- intestinal absorption --- nanoparticles --- nanosystems --- HUVEC --- bioactive compounds --- safety --- health --- regulation --- clinical tests --- efficacy --- analysis --- formulation --- bioactive polysaccharides --- extraction --- biomedical applications --- fenugreek seed --- garlic --- linseed --- copper sulfate --- yolk --- cholesterol --- carotenoid --- flavonoids --- oxidative status --- polyphenols --- yolk color --- apigenin --- luteolin --- degradation --- ferrous ions --- cupric ions --- cervical cancer cells --- growth inhibition --- apoptosis --- egg quality --- Haugh unit --- spirulina --- antioxidant capacity --- fulvic acids --- functional beverage --- iron --- mineral --- Allium sativum --- β-carboline alkaloids --- anti-adipogenic effects --- 3T3-L1 preadipocytes --- Ac-α-tubulin --- grape --- grape seeds --- FTIR spectroscopy --- chemometrics --- fatty acids --- phenolic compounds --- biorefinery --- nutraceuticals --- Prunus serotine --- defatted flour --- soluble protein --- protein concentrate --- emulsifying properties --- emulsion stability --- ginger water --- obesity --- energy homeostasis --- gene expression --- rat --- anti-inflammatory --- antimicrobial --- antioxidant --- anthocyanins --- medicinal foods --- Platycodon grandiflorus --- medicinal food --- saponins --- human health --- applications --- cherry --- intestinal absorption --- nanoparticles --- nanosystems --- HUVEC --- bioactive compounds --- safety --- health --- regulation --- clinical tests --- efficacy --- analysis --- formulation

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Essential oils extracted by the distillation or hydrodistillation of aromatic plants are a complex mixture of volatile compounds with several biological activities. Their efficacy as antimicrobial agents is related to the activity of several natural compounds belonging to different chemical families that can act both in synergy with each other and with other antibiotics. The antibiotic resistance detected among pathogens has been quickly increasing in recent years, and the control of some of these microorganisms is becoming a planetary emergency for human and animal health. The control of the microbial growth is a problem of great importance also for the food industry (food deterioration and shelf life extension) and for the world of cultural heritage (indoor and outdoor phenomena of biodeterioration). Essential oils can play an important role in this scenario, due their recognized broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the main subject of this Special Issue includes an essential oil-based approach to control microrganisms in areas such as human and veterinary medicine, entomology, food industry and agriculture. In addition, the chemical composition of essential oils from endemic and rare medicinal/aromatic plants, nanoformulations of essential oils, applications in human and veterinary medicine and its use as animal feeding supplements are topics covered in this Special Issue

Technology: general issues --- extracellular polymeric substance matrix --- cellulose synthesis --- enzyme inhibition --- essential oils --- Boswellia sacra --- frankincense essential oil --- GC/MS analysis --- antimicrobial activity --- Staphylococcus aureus --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- Propionibacterium acnes --- Candida albicans --- Malassezia furfur --- lamb --- carvacrol --- monensin --- meat tenderness --- TBARS --- essential oil --- genetic --- RAPD --- thyme --- Thymus quinquecostatus --- Thymus vulgaris --- Penicillium rubens --- growth inhibition --- RNA microarray --- gene expression --- metabolic pathway analysis --- Ferula --- GC --- chemometrics --- antioxidant activity --- Acinetobacter baumannii --- MDR --- biofilm --- antimicrobial --- Pimenta --- Myrtaceae --- wound infection --- eugenol --- 1,8-cineole --- GC/MS --- Salmonella --- Origanum vulgare --- ciprofloxacin --- poultry farms --- pig farms --- Staphylococcus spp. --- human semen --- antimicrobial resistance --- rosewood --- linalool --- marine bacteria --- ABTS --- Trypanosoma cruzi --- cytotoxicity --- nitrite --- nitric oxide --- antifungal activity --- nanoencapsulation --- poly(ε-caprolactone) --- Thymus capitatus --- Satureja montana --- Lavandula angustifolia --- Lavandula intermedia --- Origanum hirtum --- Monarda didyma --- Monarda fistulosa --- Alternaria alternata --- cucurbits --- Cymbopogon citratus --- GC-MS --- Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum --- n/a

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Nutraceuticals are a challenge for the future of prevention and therapy in healthcare. The possibility to prevent and/or support pharmacological therapy, which is nowadays mainly based on pharmaceuticals, can be a powerful tool to face pathological, chronic, long-term diseases in subjects who do not qualify for a pharmacological therapy. Nutraceuticals are obtained from vegetal or animal origin foods, and prospective research on these products will clarify their role, safety and efficacy by substantiating their role with clinical data. An effort to clarify their mechanism of action will open a door to the next generation of therapeutic agents that do not propose themselves as an alternative to drugs, but, instead, can be helpful to complement a pharmacological therapy, and to prevent the onset of chronical diseases. The market as well as the interest of people in naturally-derived remedies and less synthetic pharmaceuticals is growing, and the attention of the collective public imagination is nowadays more strongly focused on these food-derived products. This Special Issue is dedicated to the role of and perspectives on nutraceuticals in human health, examined from different angles ranging from analytical aspects to clinical trials, and from efficacy studies to beneficial effects on health conditions.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- bioactive polysaccharides --- extraction --- biomedical applications --- fenugreek seed --- garlic --- linseed --- copper sulfate --- yolk --- cholesterol --- carotenoid --- flavonoids --- oxidative status --- polyphenols --- yolk color --- apigenin --- luteolin --- degradation --- ferrous ions --- cupric ions --- cervical cancer cells --- growth inhibition --- apoptosis --- egg quality --- Haugh unit --- spirulina --- antioxidant capacity --- fulvic acids --- functional beverage --- iron --- mineral --- Allium sativum --- β-carboline alkaloids --- anti-adipogenic effects --- 3T3-L1 preadipocytes --- Ac-α-tubulin --- grape --- grape seeds --- FTIR spectroscopy --- chemometrics --- fatty acids --- phenolic compounds --- biorefinery --- nutraceuticals --- Prunus serotine --- defatted flour --- soluble protein --- protein concentrate --- emulsifying properties --- emulsion stability --- ginger water --- obesity --- energy homeostasis --- gene expression --- rat --- anti-inflammatory --- antimicrobial --- antioxidant --- anthocyanins --- medicinal foods --- Platycodon grandiflorus --- medicinal food --- saponins --- human health --- applications --- cherry --- intestinal absorption --- nanoparticles --- nanosystems --- HUVEC --- bioactive compounds --- safety --- health --- regulation --- clinical tests --- efficacy --- analysis --- formulation

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Environmental abiotic stresses, such as extreme temperatures, drought, excess light, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, have detrimental effects on plant growth, development, and yield. Plants are equipped with various adaptation mechanisms to cope with such unfavorable conditions. Our understanding of plants’ abiotic stress responses is crucial to maintaining efficient plant productivity. This book on the responses of plants to environmental stresses is an attempt to find answers to several basic questions related to their adaptation and protective mechanisms against abiotic stresses. The following chapters of the book describe examples of plants’ protective strategies, which cover physiological, cellular, biochemical, and genomic mechanisms. This book is aimed for use by advanced students and researchers in the area of stress biology, plant molecular biology and physiology, agriculture, biochemistry, as well as environmental sciences.

Heterogeneous water stress --- Phyllostachys edulis --- Rhizome --- Vascular bundle --- Stress Signal --- Physiological characteristics --- isoprene --- ocimene --- heat stress --- water stress --- ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich) --- transcriptome --- nitrogen deficiency --- resilience --- nitrogen-use efficiency --- eggplant --- heat shock factor --- gene family --- expression profile --- abiotic stress --- Malus. ‘Prairifire’ --- photosynthetic characteristics --- chlorophyll a fluorescence --- 2-dimensional electrophoresis --- diurnal regulation --- OsGI --- rice --- U-box E3 ligase --- barley --- ABC gene family --- gene expression --- alarm photosynthesis --- Antarctic --- oxalate oxidase --- Elymus sibiricus, seed aging --- isobaric tandem mass tag labeling --- reactive oxygen species --- parallel reaction monitoring --- Dendrobium catenatum --- superoxide dismutase (SOD) --- stresses --- antioxidative enzyme activity --- low pH --- proline --- protein --- wheat --- WRKY transcription factor --- gene structural characteristics --- regulatory mechanism --- drought --- salinity --- heat --- cold --- ultraviolet radiation --- rainfed --- irrigated --- Gossypium hirsutum --- antioxidant activity --- growth inhibition --- ion homeostasis --- salt stress --- rhizoboxes --- gaseous exchange --- sub-Saharan Africa --- root length density

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Nutraceuticals are a challenge for the future of prevention and therapy in healthcare. The possibility to prevent and/or support pharmacological therapy, which is nowadays mainly based on pharmaceuticals, can be a powerful tool to face pathological, chronic, long-term diseases in subjects who do not qualify for a pharmacological therapy. Nutraceuticals are obtained from vegetal or animal origin foods, and prospective research on these products will clarify their role, safety and efficacy by substantiating their role with clinical data. An effort to clarify their mechanism of action will open a door to the next generation of therapeutic agents that do not propose themselves as an alternative to drugs, but, instead, can be helpful to complement a pharmacological therapy, and to prevent the onset of chronical diseases. The market as well as the interest of people in naturally-derived remedies and less synthetic pharmaceuticals is growing, and the attention of the collective public imagination is nowadays more strongly focused on these food-derived products. This Special Issue is dedicated to the role of and perspectives on nutraceuticals in human health, examined from different angles ranging from analytical aspects to clinical trials, and from efficacy studies to beneficial effects on health conditions.

bioactive polysaccharides --- extraction --- biomedical applications --- fenugreek seed --- garlic --- linseed --- copper sulfate --- yolk --- cholesterol --- carotenoid --- flavonoids --- oxidative status --- polyphenols --- yolk color --- apigenin --- luteolin --- degradation --- ferrous ions --- cupric ions --- cervical cancer cells --- growth inhibition --- apoptosis --- egg quality --- Haugh unit --- spirulina --- antioxidant capacity --- fulvic acids --- functional beverage --- iron --- mineral --- Allium sativum --- β-carboline alkaloids --- anti-adipogenic effects --- 3T3-L1 preadipocytes --- Ac-α-tubulin --- grape --- grape seeds --- FTIR spectroscopy --- chemometrics --- fatty acids --- phenolic compounds --- biorefinery --- nutraceuticals --- Prunus serotine --- defatted flour --- soluble protein --- protein concentrate --- emulsifying properties --- emulsion stability --- ginger water --- obesity --- energy homeostasis --- gene expression --- rat --- anti-inflammatory --- antimicrobial --- antioxidant --- anthocyanins --- medicinal foods --- Platycodon grandiflorus --- medicinal food --- saponins --- human health --- applications --- cherry --- intestinal absorption --- nanoparticles --- nanosystems --- HUVEC --- bioactive compounds --- safety --- health --- regulation --- clinical tests --- efficacy --- analysis --- formulation