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After the end of World War II when many Southeast Asian nations gained national independence, and up until the Asian Financial Crisis, film industries here had distinctive and colourful histories shaped by unique national and domestic conditions. 'Southeast Asia on Screen: From Independence to Financial Crisis (1945-1998)' addresses the similar themes, histories, trends, technologies and sociopolitical events that have moulded the art and industry of film in this region, identifying the unique characteristics that continue to shape cinema, spectatorship and Southeast Asian filmmaking in the present and the future. Bringing together scholars across the region, chapters explore the conditions that have given rise to today's burgeoning Southeast Asian cinemas as well as the gaps that manifest as temporal belatedness

Motion picture industry --- Southeast Asia, film, economic crisis, national cinema, historical development. --- History

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The works collected in Literature and violence in recent Latin American narrativethey question the ways of narrating the extreme experiences of Latin American history in recent decades. They configure a varied map of the violence of the last decades, which begins with the dictatorships of the Southern Cone and reaches the seven hundred femicides in Ciudad Juárez; a journey that goes from south to north, from the '70s to the' 90s, from dictatorial violence to neoliberal violence and the war on drugs. The works of Luis Gusmán, Martín Kohan, Alan Pauls, Ricardo Piglia and Daniel Moyano interrogate dictatorial violence in Argentina. The narratives of Iván Thays, Santiago Roncagliolo and Daniel Alarcón explore the years of violence in Peru (1980-2000) during the armed conflict between the Shining Path and the military forces. If the works of Horacio Castellanos Moya, Rodrigo Rey Rosa and Franz Galich traverse the Central American context traversed by the Guatemalan genocide; Fernando Vallejo's narrative reveals the failure of the left and the empire of violence without ideology unleashed by drug trafficking in Colombia.

literature --- desarrollo histórico --- América Latina --- violencia --- literatura --- Latin America --- violence --- historical development

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The works collected in Literature and violence in recent Latin American narrativethey question the ways of narrating the extreme experiences of Latin American history in recent decades. They configure a varied map of the violence of the last decades, which begins with the dictatorships of the Southern Cone and reaches the seven hundred femicides in Ciudad Juárez; a journey that goes from south to north, from the '70s to the' 90s, from dictatorial violence to neoliberal violence and the war on drugs. The works of Luis Gusmán, Martín Kohan, Alan Pauls, Ricardo Piglia and Daniel Moyano interrogate dictatorial violence in Argentina. The narratives of Iván Thays, Santiago Roncagliolo and Daniel Alarcón explore the years of violence in Peru (1980-2000) during the armed conflict between the Shining Path and the military forces. If the works of Horacio Castellanos Moya, Rodrigo Rey Rosa and Franz Galich traverse the Central American context traversed by the Guatemalan genocide; Fernando Vallejo's narrative reveals the failure of the left and the empire of violence without ideology unleashed by drug trafficking in Colombia.

Spanish Literature --- Romance Literatures --- Languages & Literatures --- literature --- desarrollo histórico --- América Latina --- violencia --- literatura --- Latin America --- violence --- historical development

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Jainism --- Jaïnisme --- History --- Dictionaries. --- Histoire --- Dictionnaires anglais --- Jaïnisme --- Dictionaries --- historical development --- religious thought --- practices --- rituals --- popular beliefs --- soteriology --- mythology --- sacred places --- social order --- art --- Jain scriptures

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This paper examines how the dismantling of coercive institutions associated with the end of apartheid in South Africa in 1994 affected the istribution of rents from natural resource exports. It identifies the interplay between coercive institutions and natural resource rents as an important driver of local evelopment. Using data from the 1996 census, the paper ocuments large income gaps between communities located just-inside and just-outside the former self-governing territories set aside for black inhabitants. Examining relative changes between 1996 and 2011, the paper finds that spatial income convergence was considerably stronger among marginalized communities with higher initial exposure to resource rents. These results accord with standard bargaining theory in which the dismantling of coercive institutions improves the negotiating position of unionized workers in the mining industry.

Coercion. --- Communities and Human Settlements. --- Economic Theory and Research. --- Emerging Markets. --- Historical Development. --- Housing and Human Habitats. --- Investment and Investment Climate. --- Labor Policies. --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth. --- Natural Resources Trade. --- Private Sector Development. --- Social Protections and Labor. --- Wage Bargaining.