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The marine environment is considered one of the most important sources of natural bioactive compounds with extremely rich biodiversity. Marine glycans are remarkable molecules, playing a determinant role in biological processes. Marine сarbohydrate-containing substances have drawn increasing attention in the field of biomedicine for their various biological activities, such as antitumor, antivirus, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, and anticoagulant. These compounds obtained from marine sources, such as algae, microbes, and animals, are usually biodegradable and biocompatible, and exhibit biological properties that contribute to the discovery of a wide range of new bioactive substances with special pharmacological properties of interest to medicine. Carbohydrate-based compounds include glycans, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycolipids, and low-molecular and complex glycosides of differential origin. Many of the polysaccharides allow for loading lower drug dosages, which may lead to a drastic reduction of the side effects caused by the drugs. In addition, the structure of polysaccharides can be relatively easily modified in order to synthesize derivatives with desirable characteristics for drug delivery. Complexes on the basis of carbohydrates are often prepared to improve their functional properties. In this Special Issue, we seek to contribute to the discussion of various aspects of marine carbohydrate-containing compounds and provide a unique platform for a new concept for their use in medicine in order to continue to facilitate further research in this area.

Medicine --- chitosan-gentamicin conjugate --- antimicrobial --- anti-inflammatory --- scald repair --- sulfated polysaccharides --- galactans --- green seaweed --- NMR --- immunostimulation --- inflammatory mediators --- carrageenan --- lipopolysaccharide --- macromolecular structure --- nonspecific resistance to lipopolysaccharide --- cytokines --- enteric infections --- salmonellosis --- glyceroglycolipid metabolism --- phosphate starvation --- transcriptome --- glyceroglycolipid homeostasis --- chitosan --- polyelectrolyte complex --- cytokine --- nitric oxide --- anti-inflammatory activity --- Ulva pertusa --- polysaccharides --- colitis --- antioxidant --- exopolysaccharide --- structure --- Vibrio alginolyticus --- Epidermist --- chitosan oligosaccharides --- inflammation cytokines --- intestine --- oxidative status --- oxidative stress --- Porphyridium marinum --- high pressure homogenizer --- antibacterial activity --- anti-biofilm activity --- anti-cancer activity --- alginate lyase --- cold-adapted --- exo/endo-type --- Alteromonas portus --- oligosaccharide --- antioxidant activity --- exopolysaccharides --- scandium --- theranostic --- cancer cell lines --- proliferation --- laminarin --- fucoidan --- gastrointestinal tract --- microbiome --- swine --- post-weaning --- antibiotic alternatives --- n/a

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This Special Issue provides an update on the state of the art and current trends in polymeric drug-delivery systems specifically designed for improving drug bioavailability. The multiple contributions received further strengthen the role of polymers in modern drug delivery and targeting, illustrating the different approaches possible and unveiling what the future may bring.

Medicine --- Pharmaceutical industries --- cystic fibrosis --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- liposomes --- efflux pump inhibitor --- PABN --- aminoglycosides --- macrolides --- poloxamer --- thiourea --- thiolation --- mucoadhesion --- drug release --- in vivo analysis --- in vitro dissolution studies --- S-propargyl-cysteine --- poly(lactic acid) --- endogenous hydrogen sulfide --- water-in-oil-in-water --- rheumatoid arthritis --- chitosan --- drug delivery --- drug absorption --- intestinal assimilation --- oral bioavailability --- nanoemulsions --- micelles --- SEDDS --- zeta potential --- sustained release --- albumin nanoparticle --- MPT0B291 --- high-pressure homogenizer --- histone deacetylase --- calix[8]arenes --- silibinin --- inclusion complexes --- PEGylation --- cytotoxicity --- oromucosal films --- sodium alginate --- nanoparticle drug carriers --- digoxin --- zein --- heart failure --- polymer–liposome complexes --- Pluronic®-poly(acrylic acid) --- Pluronic®-poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) --- stimuli-responsive --- intelligent drug delivery systems --- liposome --- polymer --- long circulation --- polymer–lipid conjugates --- targeting --- stimulus-responsive --- antibody --- affinity --- cyclodextrin --- protein therapeutics --- sustained drug delivery --- Nitric oxide --- hydrogel --- wound dressing --- chronic wounds --- glycyrrhetinic acid --- Soluplus® --- solid dispersions --- anti-inflammatory --- biosafety --- bioavailability --- n/a --- polymer-liposome complexes --- polymer-lipid conjugates