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Inhibition of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, one of the enzymes responsible for the degradation of some endocanabinoids has a real therapeutical interest. It is clearly proved that anandamide, but also other endogene FAAH ligands, have benefical effects on analgesia. Nowadays, a little number of compounds are described to inhibit FAAH and the best ones lack of selectivity on the canabinoid system. Among these compounds, trifluoromethylketones were described as good inhibitors of the FAAH. Since it was shown that non steoridal anti-inflammatory drugs were also able to inhibit the Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase at significant pharmacological concentrations, the idea of synthesising mixt type inhibitors FAAH - COX could be a very usefull approach for new anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds. So, we synthesized the trifluoromethylketone derivative from ibuprofen and made a structure-activity relationship with different derivatives from the phenylacetic acid. In this work, we will describe a simple way to access to phenylacetic compounds, the synthesis of trifluoromethylketones and the pharmacological evaluation of these compounds on the Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase and on the Cyclo-oxygenase. L'inhibition de la Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, une des enzymes responsables de la dégradation de certains endocannabinoïdes , suscite aujourd'hui un grand intérêt thérapeutique . Il est clairement démontré que l'anandamide, mais aussi d'autres ligands endogènes de la FAAH, possèdent des effets analgésiques intéressants. Jusqu'aujourd'hui, peu d'inhibiteurs de la FAAH sont connus et les meilleurs présentent un manque de sélectivité au sein du système cannabinoïde. Parmi ceux-ci, des composées portant la fonction trifluorométhylcétone semblent toutefois présenter une bonne inhibition. Il a été montré que certains anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens étaient également capables d'inhiber la FAAH à des concentrations pharmacologiques intéressantes. Dés lors, nous avons eu l'idée de synthétiser des inhibiteurs mixtes FAAH - COX, pouvant avoir un grand intérêt d'un point de vue anti-inflammatoire et analgésique. Nous nous sommes proposés de synthétiser le dérivé trifluorométhylcétone de l'ibuprofène et de réaliser une relation structure-activité avec des dérivés de l'acide phénylacétique . Ce travail décrit un chemin d'accès aux acides phénylacétiques et aux dérivés trifluorométhylcétones ainsi que l'évaluation pharmacologique de ces composés sur la Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase et sur la Cyclo-oxygénase.

Fatty-acid amide hydrolase --- Ibuprofen

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Drugs --- Urine --- Tetrahydrocannabinol --- Ibuprofen --- Analysis --- Methodology. --- Analysis.

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Ibuprofen is one of the most successful drugs used worldwide for the treatment of mild to moderate pain and various inflammatory conditions, even in a low-dose form for over-the-counter (OTC), non-prescription sale. Over the past 40 years, ibuprofen has been proven to be as safe or safer and just as effective as established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or coxibs. This book reviews the pharmacology, clinical uses and adverse effects of ibuprofen. Its disposition and unique modes of action in relation to clinical effects are discussed as well as various formulations and the impact of food and other variables on its actions and gastro-intestinal safety. The use of combinations of ibuprofen with other drugs (e.g. paracetamol, codeine and caffeine) are critically assessed. There are already some indications of potential therapeutic benefits of the drug combinations in treating certain painful conditions, while still retaining the relative safety benefits of ibuprofen (at least at OTC dosages). The impact of natural products and Chinese Medicines on the safety of ibuprofen is also reviewed. The book is written in a more general style, including explanatory diagrams, for anyone interested in the properties, actions and uses of ibuprofen.

Anti-inflammatory agents. --- Ibuprofen. --- Pain -- Treatment. --- Pharmacology. --- Ibuprofen --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Phenylpropionates --- Acids, Carbocyclic --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Carboxylic Acids --- Organic Chemicals --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Pharmacology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Side effects. --- Isobutylhydratropic acid --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Rheumatology. --- Biomedicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Analgesics --- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents --- Propionic acid --- Derivatives --- Toxicology. --- Internal medicine --- Connective tissues --- Joints --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Diseases --- Toxicology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect

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Nanostructured zinc oxide materials are capturing a great deal of interest thanks to their outstanding and multifunctional properties, enabling broad series of intervention in the field of nanomedicine. ZnO can be easily prepared in a broad variety of shapes and shows anticancer and antimicrobial properties that are of interest for tissue engineering, controlled delivery of therapeutics, and even theranostics. This book is thus dedicated to the most recent advances in the field, presented as a collection of research papers and reviews. It spans from the synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanomaterials to their applications in the nanomedicine field, ranging from anticancer nanotherapeutics to dental implants and antibacterial agents.

Technology: general issues --- ZnO nanoparticles --- Quantum dots --- theranostic --- drug delivery --- anti-tumour --- diabetes treatment --- anti-inflammation --- antibacterial --- antifungal --- wound healing --- denture stomatitis --- polymethylmethacrylate --- zinc oxide nanoparticles --- Candida albicans --- mesoporous glasses --- ZnO-additions --- osteostatin loading --- osteosteoblast cell cultures --- osteogenic effect --- zinc oxide --- microwave solvothermal synthesis --- hydrodynamic size --- surface chemistry --- nanocrystals --- cell cytotoxicity --- Supercritical CO2 --- ibuprofen --- NsZnO --- antimicrobial activity --- n/a

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Water pollution from biorefractory pollutants and emerging contaminants is still a very relevant problem worldwide. Examples of these pollutants include disinfection by-products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic chemicals, as well as their degradation products. The occurrence of these contaminants in water has raised increasing concern due to their accumulation and persistence in the environment and the threat they pose to the ecological system and human health. In this Special Issue, papers regarding the advancements in materials and processes for use in the electro- and photoelectrochemical removal of different pollutants from water are collected. The synthesis, characterization and application of materials for use in electrochemical or photoelectrochemical techniques are presented, as well as studies concerning catalytic processes and reaction kinetics.

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- Au-TiO2 --- antibiotics --- emergent contaminants --- nanocatalyst --- photocatalysis --- GFN-xTB --- ibuprofen --- advanced oxidation process --- TiO2 --- active glass --- heterojunction --- charge separation --- chlorpyrifos --- photodegradation --- nanoparticles --- gold --- cyclodextrins --- perfluorooctanoic acid --- emerging contaminant --- defluorination --- platinum --- electro-oxidation --- strontium carbonate (SrCO3) --- solvothermal method --- visible light --- n/a --- diethyl phthalate --- photoelectrochemical degradation --- persistent organic pollutants --- chloride ions --- TiO2 nanotubes --- g-C3N4 --- response surface methodology --- wastewater treatment --- phenol --- crude oil --- sonolysis --- sonophotocatalysis --- FT-ICR/MS --- Kendrick plot --- van Krevelen diagram --- water --- pollution --- remediation