Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Due to their lightweight and high specific strength, Mg-based alloys are considered as substitutes to their heavier counterparts in applications in which corrosion is non-relevant and weight saving is of importance. Furthermore, due to the biocompatibility of Mg, some alloys with controlled corrosion rates are used as degradable implant materials in the medical sector. The typical processing route of Mg parts incorporates a casting step and, subsequently, a thermo–mechanical treatment. In order to achieve the desired macroscopic properties and thus fulfill the service requirements, thorough knowledge of the relationship between the microstructure, the processing steps, and the resulting property profile is necessary. This Special Issue covers in situ and ex situ experimental and computational investigations of the behavior under thermo–mechanical load of Mg-based alloys utilizing modern characterization and simulation techniques. The papers cover investigations on the effect of rare earth additions on the mechanical properties of different Mg alloys, including the effect of long-period stacking-ordered (LPSO) structures, and the experimental and computational investigation of the effect of different processing routes.

Technology: general issues --- magnesium alloys --- long period stacking ordered structures (LPSO) --- synchrotron radiation diffraction --- magnesium alloy --- low-speed extrusion --- microstructure evolution --- mechanical properties --- thermomechanical processing --- calcium addition --- disintegrated melt deposition --- processing map --- formability --- initial texture --- deformation mechanism --- texture evolution --- ductile damage --- GTN model --- magnesium --- in-situ --- deformation mechanisms --- deformation behaviour --- restoration mechanisms --- electron microscopy --- characterisation --- in-situ diffraction --- Mg-LPSO alloys --- neutron diffraction --- EBSD --- dislocation slip --- twinning --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book entitled “Protein Crystallization under the Presence of an Electric Field” covers recent trends and original contributions on the use of electric fields (internal and external) for applications for nucleation control and the effect on the kinetics of crystallization processes. This book also includes basic strategies for growing crystals of biological macromolecules for characterization via X-ray and neutron diffraction as well as using modern X-ray-free electron-lasers. There are six main topics covered on this book, including recent insights into the crystallization process from nucleation and growth peculiarities, when using different kinds of electric fields; the effect of external electric fields on the kinetics of the dislocation-free growth of model proteins; the use of very strong external electric fields for the crystallization of a model protein glucose isomerase; and the use of alternant electric fields using different kinds of pulses and their combination with strong magnetic fields. There are also contributions related to applications in developing electron-transfer devices as well as graphene-based platforms for electrocrystallization and in situ X-ray diffraction characterization.

porous silicon --- silanes --- microbatch method --- growth kinetics --- impact of electric fields on the protein crystallization --- cytochrome C nucleation and crystallization --- protein infiltration --- I–V characteristics --- electric fields --- number density --- protein crystallization --- protein crystals --- electron-transfer biomolecular devices --- external DC electric field --- classical and two-step nucleation mechanisms --- macromolecular crystallography --- in situ diffraction --- external and internal electric fields --- size and quality of protein crystals --- lysozyme --- magnetic fields --- electrical properties --- gel-growth --- crystal growth in solution --- electric field --- pulse-wave --- crystal quality --- crystallization --- serial crystallography --- microfluidics --- electrocrystallization

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This Special Issue reprint book features a broad scope of contributions that highlight current accomplishments and provide readers with some perspective on the direction of research on magnesium alloys in the near future with respect to global challenges. The papers included in the book report on state-of-the-art methods and research trends regarding the microstructure, properties and industrial application of magnesium alloys for use in lightweight structures across several industries.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Materials science --- magnesium alloys --- interface reaction --- diffusion --- intermetallic phases --- cyclic expansion extrusion with asymmetrical extrusion cavity --- AZ31B alloy --- microstructure --- texture --- mechanical properties --- magnesium wire --- extrusion --- characterization --- wrapping test --- AZ-series --- EBSD --- magnesium --- deformation twinning --- damage initiation --- rolling --- strength --- segregation --- precipitate --- twinning --- modeling --- void --- rigid inclusion --- magnesium-rare earth alloy --- recrystallization --- selective grain growth --- Mg-RE alloys --- in situ diffraction --- crystal plasticity --- magnesium single crystal --- sheets --- formability --- non-flammability --- indirect extrusion --- magnesium alloy --- fatigue --- equal-channel angular pressing --- grain refinement --- S–N curve --- stent --- n/a --- S-N curve

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Powder metallurgy is a group of advanced processes used for the synthesis, processing, and shaping of various kinds of materials. Initially inspired by ceramics processing, the methodology comprising the production of a powder and its transformation to a compact solid product has attracted attention since the end of World War II. At present, many technologies are availabe for powder production (e.g., gas atomization of the melt, chemical reduction, milling, and mechanical alloying) and its consolidation (e.g., pressing and sintering, hot isostatic pressing, and spark plasma sintering). The most promising methods can achieve an ultra-fine or nano-grained powder structure, and preserve it during consolidation. Among these methods, mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering play a key role. This book places special focus on advances in mechanical alloying, spark plasma sintering, and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis methods, as well as on the role of these processes in the development of new materials.

History of engineering & technology --- in situ diffraction --- aluminides --- reactive sintering --- mechanism --- powder metallurgy --- iron silicide --- Fe–Al–Si alloy --- mechanical alloying --- spark plasma sintering --- characterization --- FeAlSi --- intermetallic alloys --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- mechanical properties --- titanium aluminides and silicides --- casting --- heterophase magnesium matrix composite --- Mg2Si --- carbon nanotubes --- nanopowders de-agglomeration --- sintering --- biomaterials --- metallic composites --- powder technology --- zinc --- Ni-Ti alloy --- self-propagating high-temperature synthesis --- aging --- compressive test --- hardness --- shape memory --- maraging steel --- atomized powder --- selective laser melting --- heat treatment --- precipitation hardening --- self-healing --- aluminium alloy --- grain boundary diffusion --- Nd–Fe–B magnets --- hydrogenation --- magnetic properties --- MgAl2O4 --- lithium fluoride --- cobalt fluoride --- manganese fluoride --- grain growth --- compressive strength --- oxidation resistance --- wear --- multi principal element alloy --- tensile strength --- fracture --- ductility --- powder --- critical raw materials --- cutting tools --- new materials --- new machining methods --- modelling and simulation

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Powder metallurgy is a group of advanced processes used for the synthesis, processing, and shaping of various kinds of materials. Initially inspired by ceramics processing, the methodology comprising the production of a powder and its transformation to a compact solid product has attracted attention since the end of World War II. At present, many technologies are availabe for powder production (e.g., gas atomization of the melt, chemical reduction, milling, and mechanical alloying) and its consolidation (e.g., pressing and sintering, hot isostatic pressing, and spark plasma sintering). The most promising methods can achieve an ultra-fine or nano-grained powder structure, and preserve it during consolidation. Among these methods, mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering play a key role. This book places special focus on advances in mechanical alloying, spark plasma sintering, and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis methods, as well as on the role of these processes in the development of new materials.

in situ diffraction --- aluminides --- reactive sintering --- mechanism --- powder metallurgy --- iron silicide --- Fe–Al–Si alloy --- mechanical alloying --- spark plasma sintering --- characterization --- FeAlSi --- intermetallic alloys --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- mechanical properties --- titanium aluminides and silicides --- casting --- heterophase magnesium matrix composite --- Mg2Si --- carbon nanotubes --- nanopowders de-agglomeration --- sintering --- biomaterials --- metallic composites --- powder technology --- zinc --- Ni-Ti alloy --- self-propagating high-temperature synthesis --- aging --- compressive test --- hardness --- shape memory --- maraging steel --- atomized powder --- selective laser melting --- heat treatment --- precipitation hardening --- self-healing --- aluminium alloy --- grain boundary diffusion --- Nd–Fe–B magnets --- hydrogenation --- magnetic properties --- MgAl2O4 --- lithium fluoride --- cobalt fluoride --- manganese fluoride --- grain growth --- compressive strength --- oxidation resistance --- wear --- multi principal element alloy --- tensile strength --- fracture --- ductility --- powder --- critical raw materials --- cutting tools --- new materials --- new machining methods --- modelling and simulation