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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Ionic Liquids --- Solvent effect --- Structural investigation --- functional materials --- Catalysis

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Over the years, the uses and applications of various non-conventional solvents such as ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, crown ethers, fluorinated solvents, glycols, glycerol etc diversified in various fields. This book consists of nine chapters, which present recent advances and outlook on various non-conventional solvents in organic transformations. Comparison between traditional solvents and non-conventional solvents are also highlighted in this book.

Solvents. --- Bio-based Solvents. --- Green Solvents. --- Ionic Liquids. --- Non-conventional Solvents. --- Nonconventional Solvents. --- Unconventional Solvents.

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See Table of Contents (PMP)

Ionic Liquids. --- Ionic structure --- Structure ionique --- Ionic solutions --- Ionic solutions. --- Solutions ioniques --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVCHIMI SPRINGER-B

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ILs have attracted attention in the last four decades due to their attractive properties, such as non-volatility, specific solvation abilities and super-acidic properties. These unique features explain the use of ILs in a wide range of applications, including as matrices in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS), among others. However, this application is highly dependent on the properties of the ILs, and especially on their acidic properties. The main purpose of this Master’s Thesis is to determine the acidity level accessible in several second-generation ILs and to correlate the acidity with their efficiency in ionising analytes in MALDI-MS. Therefore, the synthesis of three imidazolium-based ILs (1-ethyl, 1-butyl or 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium cations) coupled to three anion types (bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, NTf2; 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, DHB and α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, CHCA) was conducted. Thereafter, the acidity level of the ILs was determined by UV-Visible and, for the first time, Raman spectroscopies. The solvation number of the proton was also determined by Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the capability of ionisation and detection of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and rhodamine B (RhB) in MALDI-MS using some ILs were studied and compared to two usual solid matrices (CHCA and DHB). The acidity levels determined by UV-Visible spectroscopy showed a trend between the NTf2-based ILs, but only one acidity value was obtained for the same ILs by Raman spectroscopy. The NTf2-based ILs were inactive in MALDI-MS, as expected from the fact that they do not absorb the excitation UV laser used for MALDI measurements. ILs based on DHB and CHCA anions were not as effective as expected, which is assumed to originate from the presence of bromide alkaline impurities, despite an extensive purification of the ILs.

Ionic liquids --- Acidity --- Hammett acidity function --- UV-Visible spectroscopy --- MALDI-MS --- Raman spectroscopy --- Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre > Chimie

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liquid electrolytes --- ionic melts --- ionic fluids --- fused salts --- liquid salts --- ionic glasses --- Ionic solutions --- Ionic Liquids --- Solutions ioniques --- Liquides ioniques. --- Ionic solutions. --- Solutions, Ionic --- Ions --- Solution (Chemistry) --- Ionic Liquid --- Liquid, Ionic --- Liquids, Ionic