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Fossil fuels leaded the 21st century industrial revolution but caused some critical problems such as exhaustion of resources and global warming. Also, current power plants require too much high cost and long time for establishment and facilities to provide electricity. Thus, developing new power production systems with environmental friendliness and low-cost is critical global needs. There are some emerging energy harvesting technologies such as thermoelectric, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators, which have great advantages on eco-friendly low-cost materials, simple fabrication, and various operating sources. Since the introduction of various energy harvesting technologies, many novel designs and applications as power suppliers and physical sensors in the world have been demonstrated based on their unique advantages. In this Special Issue, we would like to address and share basic approaches, new designs, and industrial applications related to thermoelectric, piezoelectric, and triboelectric devices which are on-going in Korea. With this Special Issue, we aim to promote fundamental understanding and to find novel ways to achieve industrial product manufacturing for energy harvesters.

triboelectric nanogenerators --- n/a --- carbon nanotube --- mesoporous composite polymer --- organic composites --- railroad vehicle --- rolling stock --- suspension system --- remnant polarization --- water wave energy --- oxygen vacancy --- energy harvesting --- PVDF --- thermoelectric --- high dielectric constant --- advanced driver assistance technology --- thin film --- sensor --- wireless chemical sensor --- energy-harvesting metamaterial --- metamaterial sensor --- thermoelectric generator --- nanoimprinting --- superhydrophobic surface --- layer-by-layer --- high deformability --- metal oxidation --- IoT technology --- TiO_2?x nanoparticle --- spray method --- piezoelectric --- graphene --- shock absorber --- ferroelectric --- frictional force --- axle bearing --- femtosecond laser --- carbon nanotubes --- mechanical energy --- polymers --- mechanical fatigue resistance --- gapless --- power factor --- nanostructures --- triboelectric generator --- hybrid energy --- microstructures --- triboelectric nanogenerator

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Fossil fuels leaded the 21st century industrial revolution but caused some critical problems such as exhaustion of resources and global warming. Also, current power plants require too much high cost and long time for establishment and facilities to provide electricity. Thus, developing new power production systems with environmental friendliness and low-cost is critical global needs. There are some emerging energy harvesting technologies such as thermoelectric, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators, which have great advantages on eco-friendly low-cost materials, simple fabrication, and various operating sources. Since the introduction of various energy harvesting technologies, many novel designs and applications as power suppliers and physical sensors in the world have been demonstrated based on their unique advantages. In this Special Issue, we would like to address and share basic approaches, new designs, and industrial applications related to thermoelectric, piezoelectric, and triboelectric devices which are on-going in Korea. With this Special Issue, we aim to promote fundamental understanding and to find novel ways to achieve industrial product manufacturing for energy harvesters.

triboelectric nanogenerators --- n/a --- carbon nanotube --- mesoporous composite polymer --- organic composites --- railroad vehicle --- rolling stock --- suspension system --- remnant polarization --- water wave energy --- oxygen vacancy --- energy harvesting --- PVDF --- thermoelectric --- high dielectric constant --- advanced driver assistance technology --- thin film --- sensor --- wireless chemical sensor --- energy-harvesting metamaterial --- metamaterial sensor --- thermoelectric generator --- nanoimprinting --- superhydrophobic surface --- layer-by-layer --- high deformability --- metal oxidation --- IoT technology --- TiO_2?x nanoparticle --- spray method --- piezoelectric --- graphene --- shock absorber --- ferroelectric --- frictional force --- axle bearing --- femtosecond laser --- carbon nanotubes --- mechanical energy --- polymers --- mechanical fatigue resistance --- gapless --- power factor --- nanostructures --- triboelectric generator --- hybrid energy --- microstructures --- triboelectric nanogenerator

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A couple of decades have passed since the advent of electromagnetic metamaterials. Although the research on artificial microwave materials dates back to the middle of the 20th century, the most prominent development in the electromagnetics of artificial media has happened in the new millennium. In the last decade, the electromagnetics of one-, two-, and three-dimensional metamaterials acquired robust characterization and design tools. Novel fabrication techniques have been developed. Many exotic effects involving metamaterials and metasurfaces, which initially belonged in a scientist’s lab, are now well understood by practicing engineers. Therefore, it is the right time for the metamaterial concepts to become a designer’s tools of choice in the landscape of electronics, microwaves, and photonics. Answering such a demand, the book “Engineering Metamaterials” focuses on the theory and applications of electromagnetic metamaterials, metasurfaces, and metamaterial transmission lines as the building blocks of present-day and future electronic, photonic, and microwave devices.

History of engineering & technology --- evanescent field tunneling --- metamaterials --- mu-negative material --- epsilon-negative material --- split-ring-resonators --- waveguides --- spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) --- metal hole arrays (MHA) --- electromagnetic distortion --- two-dimensional imaging --- common-mode noise --- corrugated ground plane --- differential signaling --- electromagnetic bandgap --- metamaterial --- stepped impedance --- metasurfaces --- linear to circular polarization converter --- dual-band polarization converters --- transmission-based polarization conversion --- dual-band --- fractals --- microwave absorbers --- UHF-RFID --- left-handed line --- sensors --- phase shift --- terahertz metamaterials --- graphene --- encoder --- active control --- n/a

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Plasmonics and metamaterials are growing fields that consistently produce new technologies for controlling electromagnetic waves. Many important advances in both fundamental knowledge and practical applications have been achieved in conjunction with a wide range of materials, structures and wavelengths, from the ultraviolet to the microwave regions of the spectrum. In addition to this remarkable progress across many different fields, much of this research shares many of the same underlying principles, and therefore, significant synergy is expected. This Special Issue introduces the recent advances in plasmonics and metamaterials and discusses various applications, while addressing a wide range of topics, in order to explore the new horizons emerging for such research.

Research & information: general --- plasmonics --- metamaterials --- metal-insulator-metal --- absorbers --- plasmon-induced transparency --- metal-dielectric-metal --- gain material --- tunable fano resonances --- surface plasmon polaritons --- coupled cavities --- finite element method --- spectroscopes --- metamaterial --- structural color filters --- photodiodes --- vortex beam --- polarization conversion --- orbital angular momentum --- tensegrity lattice --- extreme material --- metagratings --- polarization controller --- multifunction --- wide-angle --- dual mode --- cross-polarization converter --- transmitarray --- high polarization conversion ratio --- uncooled --- IR sensors --- wavelength-selective --- metasurfaces --- polarization control --- infrared sensors

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This open access book describes the theory of transformation thermotics and its extended theories for the active control of macroscopic thermal phenomena of artificial systems, which is in sharp contrast to classical thermodynamics comprising the four thermodynamic laws for the passive description of macroscopic thermal phenomena of natural systems. This monograph consists of two parts, i.e., inside and outside metamaterials, and covers the basic concepts and mathematical methods, which are necessary to understand the thermal problems extensively investigated in physics, but also in other disciplines of engineering and materials. The analyses rely on models solved by analytical techniques accompanied by computer simulations and laboratory experiments. This monograph can not only be a bridge linking three first-class disciplines, i.e., physics, thermophysics, and materials science, but also contribute to interdisciplinary development.

Optics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Metamaterials. --- Statistical Physics. --- Condensed matter. --- Mathematical physics. --- Optics and Photonics. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Theoretical Thermotics --- Transformation Thermotics --- Thermal Metamaterial --- Thermal Wave --- Thermal Cloak --- Thermal Concentrator --- Thermal Rotator --- Thermal Sensor --- Spatiotemporal Modulation --- Diffusive Fizeau Drag --- Thermal Willis Coupling --- Thermal Refraction --- Thermal Dipole --- Thermal Nonreciprocity --- Thermal Conductivity --- Complex Thermal Conductivity --- Thermal Geometric Phase --- Thermal Edge State --- Metamaterials --- Thermoelectric materials. --- Thermal properties.