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Dissertation
Microbial diversity and activity in the active layer of thawing permafrost: a case study in Northern Norway
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Year: 2018 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Abstract

Permafrost environments, which store large quantities of soil organic carbon, are threatened by climate change-induced thaw that would render frozen organic matter bioavailable for microorganisms leading to an increase in greenhouse gases emissions. Hence understanding the response of permafrost microbial communities to thawing is necessary to evaluate the permafrost carbon feedback to global change. Microbial diversity and activity were studied across two thaw stages (intact and degrading permafrost) at different depths in a palsa found in Northern Norway. This study investigated soil microbial community composition by Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene while bacterial, archaeal, methanogens and methanotrophs abundance was assessed by qPCR. Microbial heterotrophic activity was evaluated using enzymatic and functional metabolic assays. Microbial communities’ composition and activity were found to differ between the two thaw stages. The intact palsa (IP) presented high richness that decreased with depth while the degrading palsa (DP) exhibited less species-rich communities across depth. Relative abundance of members of the phylum Proteobacteria known to thrive in higher carbon and nutrient availability increased in the DP while members of the phylum AD3, which dominated the deepest part of the IP, almost disappeared in the DP. Bacterial, archaeal, methanogens and methanotrophs were more abundant in the thawing permafrost than in the intact palsa. The DP exhibited high and similar microbial biomass across depths while the IP showed high microbial abundance only in the topsoil layer. In addition, populations of methane-producing microorganisms were found to be strongly positively correlated to methane oxidizers abundance, suggesting a close spatial relationship between these two communities. Heterotrophic prokaryotes found in the DP displayed higher enzymatic and functional metabolic activity across depth than in the IP. Collectively, these results suggest a shift in microbial prokaryotic communities as a result of permafrost thaw characterized by less species-rich populations, by an increasing biomass of greenhouse gases-related microorganisms as well as a higher microbial activity across depth, potentially leading to greater greenhouse gases emissions that would exacerbate the positive feedbacks from permafrost carbon to climate.


Periodical
Letters in applied microbiology
Authors: --- ---
ISSN: 1472765X 02668254 Year: 2023 Publisher: Oxford : Oxford University Press,

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'Letters in Applied Microbiology' (LAM) provides for the rapid publication of short, high quality papers in the broad field of applied microbiology, with particular interests in antimicrobials (antibiotics, biocides, natural products, probiotics), rapid diagnosis, bioinformatics, microbial genetics, medical, pharmaceutical and veterinary microbiology. Water, biodegradation and biodeterioration, and microbe-plant interactions are also regular features.


Periodical
The journal of medical microbiology.
Authors: --- ---
ISSN: 14735644 00222615 Year: 1968 Publisher: Edinburgh : London : Reading, UK : London, UK : E & S Livingstone Ltd. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Society for General Microbiology Microbiology Society


Periodical
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
Authors: ---
ISSN: 00036072 15729699 Year: 1934 Publisher: Dordrecht : Berlin Kluwer Academic Publishers, Springer Link

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Keywords

General microbiology --- Bacteriology --- Bactériologie --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Microbiology --- Microbiology. --- Serology. --- Microbiologie --- Bacteriology. --- #ANTIL9606 --- 579 --- 57 --- Infectious Disease Medicine --- Biological sciences in general --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry --- Ecosystems & Ecology --- General and Others --- Optics & Opto Electronics --- Allergy and Immunology --- Environmental Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Physics --- Agriculture Sciences --- Soil Chemistry, Microbiology, Fertility & Fertilizers --- Chemistry. --- Optics & Opto Electronics. --- Environmental Sciences. --- Life Sciences. --- Physics. --- 579 Microbiology --- Bactériologie --- Périodiques --- EJBIOMO EJMEDEC EPUB-ALPHA-A EPUB-PER-FT MDMICROB SPRINGER-E --- Microbial biology --- Serology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Journal --- microbiology. --- immunology. --- serology. --- immunology --- antibodies --- antibody specificity --- antigen-antibody reactions --- antigen detection --- antigens --- biochemistry --- blood serum --- immunochemistry --- immunologic techniques --- serodiagnosis --- serological surveys --- seroprevalence --- serotypes --- Biological Sciences --- immunity --- immunogenetics --- immunoinformatics --- immunologic factors --- immunophenotype --- serology --- human health and safety --- immune system --- medical sciences --- air microbiology --- bacteriology --- industrial microbiology --- microbial activity --- microbial contamination --- microbial load --- microbial physiology --- microorganisms --- predictive microbiology --- virology --- water microbiology --- food microbiology --- food safety --- mycology --- plate count --- Microbiologie. --- Sérologie. --- Diagnostic microbiology --- Hematology --- Immunology


Periodical
Microbiology.
Author:
ISSN: 13500872 14652080 Year: 1994 Publisher: Reading, U.K. : Society for General Microbiology

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Book
Advances on Applications of Bioactive Natural Compounds
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Natural compounds, from terrestrial and marine sources, are the result of an evolutionary process which originated in compounds with great structural diversity, multiple biological activities and miscellaneous applications. A large and very active research field is dedicated to identifying biosynthesized compounds; to improve/develop new methodologies to produce/reuse natural compounds; to assess their potential; and to understand their mechanism of action. This Special Issue brings together excellent original and review works, focused on the most recent advances related to the secondary metabolites’ composition of natural sources, and the proposal of new applications for their constituents, such as therapeutic agents, and pesticides or food ingredients.


Book
Environmental Factors Shaping the Soil Microbiome
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book emphasizes that soil productivity is considered an important factor for the success of agricultural production. The microbial community’s composition and the diversity of agricultural soils primarily depend on management practices. Exogenous nutritional inputs are inevitable processes in crop production, which can change the structure of soil bacterial communities. The combined application of compost and inorganic fertilizers might be a good way to keep up with agricultural productivity while maintaining the environmental balance. Bacterial communities are also known to differ according to the plant genotypes and hosts. Plant genotypic differences do not always lead to significant differences in microbiomes in the rhizosphere. It was concluded that imaginative research should address the simulation of the soil microenvironment, so as to understand the factors that regulate microbial activities in micro-niches.


Book
Environmental Factors Shaping the Soil Microbiome
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book emphasizes that soil productivity is considered an important factor for the success of agricultural production. The microbial community’s composition and the diversity of agricultural soils primarily depend on management practices. Exogenous nutritional inputs are inevitable processes in crop production, which can change the structure of soil bacterial communities. The combined application of compost and inorganic fertilizers might be a good way to keep up with agricultural productivity while maintaining the environmental balance. Bacterial communities are also known to differ according to the plant genotypes and hosts. Plant genotypic differences do not always lead to significant differences in microbiomes in the rhizosphere. It was concluded that imaginative research should address the simulation of the soil microenvironment, so as to understand the factors that regulate microbial activities in micro-niches.

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