Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Mucoadhesive polymers are widely used in the design of dosage forms for transmucosal drug delivery to the eye, respiratory, gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts. These routes of drug administration offer a number of advantages including improved drug bioavailability, reduced frequency of administration, and the avoidance for the use of injections.

chitosan --- maltodextrin --- Caco-2 cells --- alkyl lactate --- mucosal drug delivery --- thermogelling polymers --- buccal mucosa drug delivery --- drug delivery --- triple co-culture model --- oral lichen planus --- mucoadhesive polymers --- cyclodextrins --- paediatric --- mucoadhesion --- nanoparticles --- pectin --- furosemide --- oral lyophilisates --- films --- wound healing --- pluronic f127 --- interpolymer complexes --- transmucosal permeations --- Alzheimer’s disease --- biocompatibility --- poly (vinylpyrrolidone) --- mucosal membranes --- scanning electron microscopic images --- pioglitazone --- hydrogel --- resuspendibility --- thermoresponsive polymers --- mucoadhesive microspheres --- trimethyl chitosan --- Candida albicans --- xanthan gum --- omeprazole --- texture profile analysis --- acrylated chitosan --- mucoadhesive --- clotrimazole --- clobetasol --- Carbopol® --- hydroxypropyl cellulose --- electrospinning --- chitosan derivatives --- in vitro permeability --- l-arginine --- resveratrol --- cytotoxicity --- retention --- thiolated hyaluronic acid --- Carbopol --- mucoadhesive polymer --- rheology --- Eudragit® E PO --- detachment force --- chitosan-catechol --- controlled release --- PLGA-PEG --- liposphere --- gellan gum --- storage and loss moduli --- thiolated chitosan --- interpolyelectrolyte complex --- poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Even in ancient times, semi-solid preparations for cutaneous application, popularly known as ointments, played an important role in human society. An advanced scientific investigation of “ointments” as dosage forms was initiated in the 1950s. It was only from then on that the intensive physico-chemical characterization of ointments as well as the inclusion of dermatological aspects led to a comprehensive understanding of the various interactions between the vehicle, the active ingredient and the skin. From then on, many researchers were involved in optimizing semi-solid formulations with respect to continuously changing therapeutic and patient needs. Aspects that have been dealt with were the optimization of dermato-biopharmaceutical properties and many different issues related to patient compliance, such as skin tolerance, applicability, and cosmetic appeal. Moreover, processing technology has been improved and analytical techniques were developed and refined in order to enable the improved characterization of the formulation itself as well as its interaction with the skin. This Special Issue serves to highlight and capture the contemporary progress and current research on semi-solid formulations as dermal drug delivery systems. We invite articles on all aspects of semi-solid formulations, highlighting the research currently undertaken to improve and better understand these complex drug delivery systems with respect to their formulation, processing and characterization issues.

Medicine --- dermal drug delivery --- diffusion cell --- Franz diffusion --- Skin-PAMPA --- Strat-M® membrane --- nanocarrier --- nonivamide --- methyl cellulose --- skin penetration --- substantivity --- thermogel --- tacrolimus formulation --- nanogels --- drug delivery --- human excised skin --- Jurkat cells --- in situ hydrogel-forming powder --- nitric oxide-releasing formulation --- S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) --- antibacterial --- wound dressing --- wound healing --- dermal delivery --- porcine skin --- in vitro permeation --- methadone --- pain --- in vitro --- permeation --- niacinamide --- solvent --- PAMPA --- skin --- curcumin --- deformable liposomes --- liposome surface charge --- hydrogel --- chitosan --- wound therapy --- IVRT --- metronidazole --- topical cream --- semisolid dosage forms --- sameness --- FDA’s SUPAC-SS guidance --- acceptance criteria --- positive and negative controls --- discriminatory ability --- Amphotericin B --- Sepigel 305® --- Leishmania infantum --- cutaneous leishmaniasis --- topical treatment --- birch bark extract --- oleogels --- hydrogen bonding --- triterpene --- rheology --- gel strength --- eosinophilic esophagitis --- budesonide --- xanthan gum --- guar gum --- mucoadhesion --- esophagus permeability --- rheological characterization --- pediatric medicine --- compounded preparation --- non-ionic emulsifiers --- intercellular lipids --- confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) --- polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers --- polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters --- n/a --- FDA's SUPAC-SS guidance

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Even in ancient times, semi-solid preparations for cutaneous application, popularly known as ointments, played an important role in human society. An advanced scientific investigation of “ointments” as dosage forms was initiated in the 1950s. It was only from then on that the intensive physico-chemical characterization of ointments as well as the inclusion of dermatological aspects led to a comprehensive understanding of the various interactions between the vehicle, the active ingredient and the skin. From then on, many researchers were involved in optimizing semi-solid formulations with respect to continuously changing therapeutic and patient needs. Aspects that have been dealt with were the optimization of dermato-biopharmaceutical properties and many different issues related to patient compliance, such as skin tolerance, applicability, and cosmetic appeal. Moreover, processing technology has been improved and analytical techniques were developed and refined in order to enable the improved characterization of the formulation itself as well as its interaction with the skin. This Special Issue serves to highlight and capture the contemporary progress and current research on semi-solid formulations as dermal drug delivery systems. We invite articles on all aspects of semi-solid formulations, highlighting the research currently undertaken to improve and better understand these complex drug delivery systems with respect to their formulation, processing and characterization issues.

Medicine --- dermal drug delivery --- diffusion cell --- Franz diffusion --- Skin-PAMPA --- Strat-M® membrane --- nanocarrier --- nonivamide --- methyl cellulose --- skin penetration --- substantivity --- thermogel --- tacrolimus formulation --- nanogels --- drug delivery --- human excised skin --- Jurkat cells --- in situ hydrogel-forming powder --- nitric oxide-releasing formulation --- S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) --- antibacterial --- wound dressing --- wound healing --- dermal delivery --- porcine skin --- in vitro permeation --- methadone --- pain --- in vitro --- permeation --- niacinamide --- solvent --- PAMPA --- skin --- curcumin --- deformable liposomes --- liposome surface charge --- hydrogel --- chitosan --- wound therapy --- IVRT --- metronidazole --- topical cream --- semisolid dosage forms --- sameness --- FDA's SUPAC-SS guidance --- acceptance criteria --- positive and negative controls --- discriminatory ability --- Amphotericin B --- Sepigel 305® --- Leishmania infantum --- cutaneous leishmaniasis --- topical treatment --- birch bark extract --- oleogels --- hydrogen bonding --- triterpene --- rheology --- gel strength --- eosinophilic esophagitis --- budesonide --- xanthan gum --- guar gum --- mucoadhesion --- esophagus permeability --- rheological characterization --- pediatric medicine --- compounded preparation --- non-ionic emulsifiers --- intercellular lipids --- confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) --- polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers --- polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters --- dermal drug delivery --- diffusion cell --- Franz diffusion --- Skin-PAMPA --- Strat-M® membrane --- nanocarrier --- nonivamide --- methyl cellulose --- skin penetration --- substantivity --- thermogel --- tacrolimus formulation --- nanogels --- drug delivery --- human excised skin --- Jurkat cells --- in situ hydrogel-forming powder --- nitric oxide-releasing formulation --- S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) --- antibacterial --- wound dressing --- wound healing --- dermal delivery --- porcine skin --- in vitro permeation --- methadone --- pain --- in vitro --- permeation --- niacinamide --- solvent --- PAMPA --- skin --- curcumin --- deformable liposomes --- liposome surface charge --- hydrogel --- chitosan --- wound therapy --- IVRT --- metronidazole --- topical cream --- semisolid dosage forms --- sameness --- FDA's SUPAC-SS guidance --- acceptance criteria --- positive and negative controls --- discriminatory ability --- Amphotericin B --- Sepigel 305® --- Leishmania infantum --- cutaneous leishmaniasis --- topical treatment --- birch bark extract --- oleogels --- hydrogen bonding --- triterpene --- rheology --- gel strength --- eosinophilic esophagitis --- budesonide --- xanthan gum --- guar gum --- mucoadhesion --- esophagus permeability --- rheological characterization --- pediatric medicine --- compounded preparation --- non-ionic emulsifiers --- intercellular lipids --- confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) --- polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers --- polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Development of strategies to assist the movement of poorly permeable molecules across biological barriers has long been the goal of drug delivery science. In the last three decades, there has been an exponential increase in advanced drug delivery systems that aim to address this issue. However, most proprietary delivery technologies that have progressed to clinical development are based on permeation enhancers (PEs) that have a history of safe use in man. This Special Issue entitled “Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field” aims to present the current state-of-the-art in the application of PEs to improve drug absorption. Emphasis is placed on identification of novel permeation enhancers, mechanisms of barrier alteration, physicochemical properties of PEs that contribute to optimal enhancement action, new delivery models to assess PEs, studies assessing safety of PEs, approaches to assist translation of PEs into effective oral, nasal, ocular and vaginal dosage forms and combining PEs with other delivery strategies.

chitosan --- intestinal epithelial cells --- ocular delivery --- amphiphilic polymers --- cornea --- tight junction modulator --- cyclodextrin --- permeability --- gemini surfactant --- transferrin --- compound 48/80 --- epithelial permeability --- cervicovaginal tumors --- nanoparticles --- confocal laser scanning microscopy --- safety --- formulation --- salcaprozate sodium --- intestinal absorption --- FITC-dextran --- curcumin --- block copolymers --- nasal vaccination --- whole leaf --- brush border --- ocular drug delivery --- vaccine adjuvant --- nanoparticle --- nasal delivery --- efflux --- permeation enhancers --- absorption enhancers --- nose to brain delivery --- small intestine --- epithelium --- CNS disorders --- absorption modifying excipients --- insulin --- absorption enhancer --- gel --- intestinal delivery --- thermogel system --- Caco-2 --- biocompatibility studies --- absorption enhancement --- man --- PN159 --- poorly absorbed drug --- tryptophan --- tight junction --- oral macromolecule delivery --- penetration enhancer --- intestinal permeation enhancers --- nanocrystals --- simvastatin --- nanomedicine --- enterocyte --- N-dodecyl-?-D-maltoside (DDM) --- cell-penetrating peptide --- quaternization --- KLAL --- nasal --- nasal permeability --- transmucosal drug delivery --- Caco-2 cells --- mast cell activator --- penetration enhancers --- drug delivery --- nose-to-brain --- bioenhancer --- polymeric micelles --- mucoadhesion --- cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) --- simulated intestinal fluid --- vaginal delivery --- nasal formulation --- pharmacokinetic interaction --- sodium caprate --- clinical trial --- transmucosal permeation --- drug absorption enhancer --- sugar-based surfactants --- nanocapsules --- imatinib --- teriparatide --- osteoporosis --- hydrophobization --- F-actin --- combined microsphere --- transepithelial electrical resistance --- oral delivery --- ocular conditions --- metabolism --- antimicrobial peptide --- permeation enhancer --- drug administration --- antiepileptic drug --- amino acid --- in vivo studies --- sodium cholate (NaC) --- epithelial transport --- preclinical --- nose to brain transport --- pharmacokinetics --- chitosan derivatives --- ophthalmology --- tight junctions --- sheep --- cationic functionalization --- GLP-1 --- pulmonary --- and liposome --- cytochrome P450 --- claudin --- P-glycoprotein --- in situ hydrogel --- mucoadhesiveness --- PTH 1-34 --- Aloe vera --- oral peptides

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Lipid-based nanosystems, including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), cationic lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and liposomes, have been extensively studied to improve drug delivery through different administration routes. The main advantages of these systems are their ability to protect, transport, and control the release of lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules (either small-molecular-weight molecules or macromolecules); the use of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) excipients that minimize the toxicity of the formulations; and the possibility to modulate pharmacokinetics and enable the site-specific delivery of encapsulated payloads. In addition, the versatility of lipid-based nanosystems has further been demonstrated for the delivery of vaccines, the protection of active cosmetic ingredients, and the improvement of moisturizing properties of cosmetic formulations.Lipid-based nanosystems are well established and there are already different commercially approved formulations for various human disorders. This success has paved the way for the diversification of the pipeline of development, to address unmet medical needs for several indications, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and autoimmune, genetic, and infectious diseases.This Special Issue aims to update readers on the latest research on lipid-based nanosystems, both at the preclinical and clinical levels. A series of 15 articles (six reviews and nine studies) is presented, with authors from 12 different countries, showing the globality of the investigations that are being carried out in this area.

Technology: general issues --- Echinococcus granulosus --- scolicidal --- nanoliposome --- juglone --- apoptotic activity --- hydrogel --- SLNs --- nose-to-brain delivery --- mucoadhesion --- quality by design --- antioxidant activity --- nasal administration --- nanostructured lipid carriers --- solid lipid nanoparticles --- in vitro cell cultures --- 3D nasal casts --- lung cancer --- targeted drug delivery --- lipid-based nanocarriers --- pulmonary delivery --- dry powder inhalers --- aerosols --- liposomes --- nanoemulsions --- nanotechnology --- biologically active compounds --- dermal drug delivery --- polyphenols --- phytophenols --- skin permeation --- chemotherapy --- radiotherapy --- active targeting --- passive targeting --- tumor --- immunoconjugate --- traditional liposome --- stealth liposome --- triggered release --- limitations of liposomes --- drug transfer --- in vitro release --- colloidal drug carriers --- lipid nanoparticles --- hydrogel beads --- cholesteryl nonanoate --- bovine serum albumin --- skin diseases --- lipid-based nanosystems --- cream --- ointment --- gel --- pH-sensitive --- liposome --- imidazole --- anticancer --- drug delivery --- multicellular spheroids --- dapagliflozin --- Box–Behnken design --- FTIR --- DSC --- XRD --- SEM --- AFM --- in vitro Franz diffusion cells --- lipid-based nanoparticles --- nanocarrier --- surface charge --- delivery systems --- chronic treatment --- mice --- anti-oxidant activity --- hepatoprotective effect --- phospholipid --- phytosomes --- Silymarin --- Colorectal Cancer --- Niosomes --- Oxaliplatin --- Paclitaxel --- d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) --- therapeutic nucleic acids --- schizophrenia --- quetiapine fumarate --- glycerosomes --- central composite rotatable design --- bioavailability --- pharmacokinetic --- n/a --- Box-Behnken design