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La menace du stéréotype se produit quand un individu se dévalue dans une 
situation qui le stigmatise. Cette étude vise à comprendre, d’un point de vue 
comportemental et cognitif, la menace implicite du stéréotype chez des étudiants 
stigmatisés par une prétendue infériorité intellectuelle selon la filière académique 
poursuivie : la psychologie vs les sciences exactes. L’analyse comportementale de la menace du stéréotype vise à explorer l’influence d’un modérateur (identification au domaine mémoire et attention) et d'un médiateur (sentiment de menace) selon la condition expérimentale (implicite vs neutre) sur une performance cognitive (tâche de flexibilité). L’analyse cognitive, quant à elle, vise à explorer, via l’onde P300, les traitements cognitifs des stimuli cibles (médecine et psychologie) selon la condition expérimentale (implicite vs neutre) sur un paradigme oddball visuel sophistiqué. L’analyse comportementale montre des patterns d’interaction entre les trois variables sur la performance. En menace implicite, les sujets hautement identifiés au modérateur ressentent un sentiment de menace et réalisent une moins bonne performance cognitive que les sujets en condition neutre. L’analyse cognitive montre un pattern d’interaction entre les stimuli de psychologie et la condition. La P300 montre plus grande amplitude sur des stimuli de psychologie en condition implicite qu’en condition neutre, suggérant à une activation d’auto-concepts négatifs sous la menace du stéréotype. En conclusion, cette étude apporte une lumière sur le caractère indispensable des modérateurs et sur la manipulation du stéréotype à travers la menace qu’il représente. Elle apporte aussi une nouvelle méthodologie en observant spécifiquement les concepts cognitifs impliqués à travers le stéréotype d’infériorité intellectuelle chez les étudiants en psychologie.

Menace du stéréotype --- étudiants en psychologie --- identification au domaine --- menace --- EEG --- P300 --- paradigme oddball visuel sophistiqué --- manipulation implicite stéréotype --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Psychologie sociale, industrielle & organisationnelle

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Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is known to be associated with various cancers. As such, identification of novel Wnt pathway targets in cancer and better characterization of already-known targets present exciting, emerging opportunities for cancer treatment. In this Special Issue, we feature papers which discuss the role of Wnt signaling and associated targets in cancer metabolism, tumor immune response, and tumor microenvironment. Papers discussing a range of Wnt-mediated cancers, including those of the colon, liver, pancreas, synovium, bladder, etc., are included.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Wnt signaling --- synovial sarcoma --- TNIK --- NCB-0846 --- MYC --- hepatitis B virus --- HBV --- cancer --- liver cancer --- β-catenin --- TCF/LEF --- pancreatic cancer --- pancreatic stellate cells --- CBP --- p300 --- pancreatitis --- fibrosis --- just-right signaling --- APC --- colorectal cancer --- RNA-binding proteins --- Musashi --- drug discovery --- Notch signaling --- cancer therapy --- fungi secondary metabolite derivative --- microenvironment --- Wnt --- AML --- drug target --- signaling --- colorectal --- porcupine --- R-spondin --- serrated --- immunotherapy --- wnt --- vitamin D --- colon cancer --- L1 --- Wnt target genes --- cell adhesion --- NF-κB --- invasion and metastasis --- cancer stem cells --- EMT --- Lgr5 --- Wnt/beta-catenin signaling --- angiogenesis --- anti-angiogenic therapy --- gastrointestinal cancers --- therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling --- β-catenin paradox --- molecular targeting --- urothelial cancer --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- immunotherapy resistance --- IBD --- colitis --- β-catenin mutations --- tumor metabolism --- tumor immunology --- molecular therapeutics --- precision medicine --- astrocytic brain tumors --- DKKs --- GSK3β

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This book comprises research articles contributed to the Special Issue on “ERP and EEG Markers of Brain Visual Attentional Processing” of the Brain Sciences journal by a panel of authoritative international cognitive neuroscientists and electrophysiologists. All articles present state-of-the-art knowledge on the relationships between visuospatial attentional processing and the brain in humans as investigated by means of EEG and ERPs from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. All the articles compare overt behavioral data obtained in universally renowned visual selective attention protocols with the electrophysiological data obtained in these same protocols aimed at investigating different facets of visuospatial attentional processing. The research presented is interdisciplinary, ranging across visual selective processing mechanisms in health, the effects of psychological attentional dysfunctions and brain damage, and functional imaging of the human brain. The Preface of the book provides an overall theoretical introduction to the field and to the contents of each of the remaining articles. In this introductory Editorial, a framework is presented in which to consider EEG and ERPs as research tools able to contribute to both cognitive and brain sciences, putting together new knowledge about humans as integrated sociobiological individuals. This book may provide a useful starting point and reference for researchers and students of cognitive neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, or cognitive science who have an interest in mind and brain visual attentional processing.

Psychology --- selective attention --- mental ability --- P3 latency --- continuous performance test --- mental speed --- EEG --- alpha --- xi --- Posner --- covert attention --- object-based attention --- hemispheric asymmetry --- ERP --- selection negativity --- swLORETA --- anterior cingulate cortex --- visual recognition --- mTBI --- event-related potentials --- visual–attentional processing --- brain connectivity --- neuropsychological measures --- postconcussion symptoms --- rsvp --- lure stimuli --- priming --- ERPs --- N2pc --- perception --- video --- visual motion --- speed --- cortex --- rhythm --- entrainment --- working-memory training --- cognitive remediation --- P1 --- P3b --- N500 --- late posterior negative slow wave --- late parietal negativity --- ADHD --- performance monitoring --- error processing --- visual sustained selective attention --- voluntary control --- self-regulation --- executive functions --- preschool children --- ACT–R --- Dipole analysis --- spiking simulation --- FFT --- alpha desynchronization --- attention orienting --- alerting --- attention inhibition --- neurocognitive perceptual and motor workload --- hypoxia --- overt motor responses --- hemispheric lateralization --- category learning --- eeg --- machine learning --- erp --- memory --- learning --- multiple memory systems --- p300 --- brain visual attentional processing --- neural markers --- intracerebral single and distributed electric source localization analyses --- hemodynamic imaging --- psychological sciences --- cognitive neurosciences

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This book comprises research articles contributed to the Special Issue on “ERP and EEG Markers of Brain Visual Attentional Processing” of the Brain Sciences journal by a panel of authoritative international cognitive neuroscientists and electrophysiologists. All articles present state-of-the-art knowledge on the relationships between visuospatial attentional processing and the brain in humans as investigated by means of EEG and ERPs from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. All the articles compare overt behavioral data obtained in universally renowned visual selective attention protocols with the electrophysiological data obtained in these same protocols aimed at investigating different facets of visuospatial attentional processing. The research presented is interdisciplinary, ranging across visual selective processing mechanisms in health, the effects of psychological attentional dysfunctions and brain damage, and functional imaging of the human brain. The Preface of the book provides an overall theoretical introduction to the field and to the contents of each of the remaining articles. In this introductory Editorial, a framework is presented in which to consider EEG and ERPs as research tools able to contribute to both cognitive and brain sciences, putting together new knowledge about humans as integrated sociobiological individuals. This book may provide a useful starting point and reference for researchers and students of cognitive neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, or cognitive science who have an interest in mind and brain visual attentional processing.

selective attention --- mental ability --- P3 latency --- continuous performance test --- mental speed --- EEG --- alpha --- xi --- Posner --- covert attention --- object-based attention --- hemispheric asymmetry --- ERP --- selection negativity --- swLORETA --- anterior cingulate cortex --- visual recognition --- mTBI --- event-related potentials --- visual–attentional processing --- brain connectivity --- neuropsychological measures --- postconcussion symptoms --- rsvp --- lure stimuli --- priming --- ERPs --- N2pc --- perception --- video --- visual motion --- speed --- cortex --- rhythm --- entrainment --- working-memory training --- cognitive remediation --- P1 --- P3b --- N500 --- late posterior negative slow wave --- late parietal negativity --- ADHD --- performance monitoring --- error processing --- visual sustained selective attention --- voluntary control --- self-regulation --- executive functions --- preschool children --- ACT–R --- Dipole analysis --- spiking simulation --- FFT --- alpha desynchronization --- attention orienting --- alerting --- attention inhibition --- neurocognitive perceptual and motor workload --- hypoxia --- overt motor responses --- hemispheric lateralization --- category learning --- eeg --- machine learning --- erp --- memory --- learning --- multiple memory systems --- p300 --- brain visual attentional processing --- neural markers --- intracerebral single and distributed electric source localization analyses --- hemodynamic imaging --- psychological sciences --- cognitive neurosciences

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Disordered proteins are relatively recent newcomers in protein science. They were first described in detail by Wright and Dyson, in their J. Mol. Biol. paper in 1999. First, it was generally thought for more than a decade that disordered proteins or disordered parts of proteins have different amino acid compositions than folded proteins, and various prediction methods were developed based on this principle. These methods were suitable for distinguishing between the disordered (unstructured) and structured proteins known at that time. In addition, they could predict the site where a folded protein binds to the disordered part of a protein, shaping the latter into a well-defined 3D structure. Recently, however, evidence has emerged for a new type of disordered protein family whose members can undergo coupled folding and binding without the involvement of any folded proteins. Instead, they interact with each other, stabilizing their structure via “mutual synergistic folding” and, surprisingly, they exhibit the same residue composition as the folded protein. Increasingly more examples have been found where disordered proteins interact with non-protein macromolecules, adding to the already large variety of protein–protein interactions. There is also a very new phenomenon when proteins are involved in phase separation, which can represent a weak but functionally important macromolecular interaction. These phenomena are presented and discussed in the chapters of this book.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- intrinsically disordered proteins --- epiproteome --- disordered protein platform --- molecular recognition feature --- post-translational modifications --- physiological homeostasis --- stress response --- RIN4 --- p53 --- molecular machines --- intrinsically disordered protein --- membrane-less organelle --- neurodegenerative disease --- p300 HAT acetylation --- post-translational modification --- protein aggregation --- Tau fibrillation --- intrinsically disorder proteins --- disorder-to-order regions --- protein–RNA interactions --- unstructured proteins --- conformational plasticity --- disordered protein --- folding --- ribosomal protein --- spectroscopy --- protein stability --- temperature response --- protein thermostability --- salt bridges --- meta strategy --- dual threshold --- significance voting --- decision tree based artificial neural network --- protein intrinsic disorder --- intrinsic disorder --- intrinsic disorder prediction --- intrinsically disordered region --- protein conformation --- transcriptome --- RNA sequencing --- Microarray --- differentially regulated genes --- gene ontology analysis --- functional analysis --- intrinsically disordered --- structural disorder --- correlated mutations --- co-evolution --- evolutionary couplings --- residue co-variation --- interaction surface --- residue contact network --- dehydron --- homodimer --- hydrogen bond --- inter-subunit interaction --- ion pair --- mutual synergistic folding --- solvent-accessible surface area --- stabilization center --- MLL proteins --- MLL4 --- lncRNA --- HOTAIR --- MEG3 --- leukemia --- histone lysine methyltransferase --- RNA binding --- protein --- hydration --- wide-line 1H NMR --- secretion --- immune --- extracellular --- protein-protein interaction --- structural domain --- evolution --- transcription factors --- DNA-protein interactions --- Sox2 sequential DNA loading --- smFRET --- DNA conformational landscape --- sequential DNA bending --- transcription factor dosage --- oligomer --- N-terminal prion protein --- copper binding --- prion disease mutations --- Nuclear pore complex --- FG-Nups --- phosphorylation --- coarse-grained --- CABS model --- MC simulations --- statistical force fields --- protein structure --- intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) --- neurodegenerative diseases --- aggregation --- drugs --- drug discovery --- plant virus --- eIF4E --- VPg --- potyvirus --- molten globule --- fluorescence anisotropy --- protein hydrodynamics