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Electrical machines and drives dominate our everyday lives. This is due to their numerous applications in industry, power production, home appliances, and transportation systems such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles, ships, and aircrafts. Their development follows rapid advances in science, engineering, and technology. Researchers around the world are extensively investigating electrical machines and drives because of their reliability, efficiency, performance, and fault-tolerant structure. In particular, there is a focus on the importance of utilizing these new trends in technology for energy saving and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This Special Issue will provide the platform for researchers to present their recent work on advances in the field of electrical machines and drives, including special machines and their applications; new materials, including the insulation of electrical machines; new trends in diagnostics and condition monitoring; power electronics, control schemes, and algorithms for electrical drives; new topologies; and innovative applications.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- fault size --- inter-laminar fault --- localized losses --- thermographic measurement --- thermal-electric coupling --- axial flux --- demagnetization --- finite element analysis --- permanent magnet --- static eccentricity --- synchronous generator --- power loss minimization --- speed control drive systems --- efficiency measurement --- IPMSM --- additive manufacturing --- three-dimensional printing --- topology optimization --- magnetic materials --- soft magnetic materials --- permanent magnets --- electrical machines --- torque ripple --- 6th harmonic --- induction motor --- AC machine --- PWM inverter --- space phasor modulation --- electric motor --- interior permanent magnet --- reluctance --- MMF-permeance --- winding function --- predictive maintenance --- digital twin --- artificial intelligence --- Industry 4.0 --- data handling --- life cycle --- electric machines --- electromagnetic analysis --- electromagnetic measurements --- core losses --- rotor flux linkage --- modular stator --- oriented steel --- flux-injecting probes --- insulation system --- partial discharges --- capacitive model --- MATLAB/Simulink --- flashover voltage --- epoxy resin --- matrix-converter --- input AC filter design --- PMSM --- predictive control --- electrical drives --- energy efficiency --- energy-saving --- power quality --- current signals --- stray flux signals --- LDA --- automatic fault diagnosis --- broken rotor bars --- soft-starters

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Electrical machines and drives dominate our everyday lives. This is due to their numerous applications in industry, power production, home appliances, and transportation systems such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles, ships, and aircrafts. Their development follows rapid advances in science, engineering, and technology. Researchers around the world are extensively investigating electrical machines and drives because of their reliability, efficiency, performance, and fault-tolerant structure. In particular, there is a focus on the importance of utilizing these new trends in technology for energy saving and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This Special Issue will provide the platform for researchers to present their recent work on advances in the field of electrical machines and drives, including special machines and their applications; new materials, including the insulation of electrical machines; new trends in diagnostics and condition monitoring; power electronics, control schemes, and algorithms for electrical drives; new topologies; and innovative applications.

fault size --- inter-laminar fault --- localized losses --- thermographic measurement --- thermal-electric coupling --- axial flux --- demagnetization --- finite element analysis --- permanent magnet --- static eccentricity --- synchronous generator --- power loss minimization --- speed control drive systems --- efficiency measurement --- IPMSM --- additive manufacturing --- three-dimensional printing --- topology optimization --- magnetic materials --- soft magnetic materials --- permanent magnets --- electrical machines --- torque ripple --- 6th harmonic --- induction motor --- AC machine --- PWM inverter --- space phasor modulation --- electric motor --- interior permanent magnet --- reluctance --- MMF-permeance --- winding function --- predictive maintenance --- digital twin --- artificial intelligence --- Industry 4.0 --- data handling --- life cycle --- electric machines --- electromagnetic analysis --- electromagnetic measurements --- core losses --- rotor flux linkage --- modular stator --- oriented steel --- flux-injecting probes --- insulation system --- partial discharges --- capacitive model --- MATLAB/Simulink --- flashover voltage --- epoxy resin --- matrix-converter --- input AC filter design --- PMSM --- predictive control --- electrical drives --- energy efficiency --- energy-saving --- power quality --- current signals --- stray flux signals --- LDA --- automatic fault diagnosis --- broken rotor bars --- soft-starters

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In modern times, mechatronic and robotic systems are developing at a faster pace than in the past, and research on novel solutions and applications of such devices are studied in both industrial and academic environments. The second volume of this Special Issue of Applied Sciences aims to disseminate the latest research achievements, ideas, and applications of the modeling and control of mechatronic and robotic systems, with particular emphasis on novel trends and challenges. We invited contributions to this Special Issue on topics including (but not limited to): modeling and control, path and trajectory planning, optimization problems, collaborative robotics, mechatronics, flexible multi-body systems, mobile robotics, and manufacturing applications.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- wobble motor --- permeance --- magnetic circuit --- leakage flux --- electropermanent magnet --- force model --- inverse kinematics --- genetic algorithm --- workspace analysis --- multi-fingered anthropomorphic hand --- amphibious robot --- spherical robot --- assistant fin --- buoyancy --- hydrodynamic force --- robot --- crawler --- traction --- kinematics --- EOD Robot --- terrorist attacks --- hybrid control --- state machine --- Festo --- PLC --- friction force --- trout --- fish processing machine --- simulation --- vision based system --- humanoid robots --- robot design --- legged robots --- dynamic model --- harsh environment --- kinematic model --- mecanum wheel --- omnidirectional robot --- robotic platform --- surveillance --- flow-rate estimation --- automatic pouring machine --- extended Kalman filter --- mechatronics --- hysteresis --- advance trajectory control --- piezoelectric --- actuator --- neural networks --- robust control --- MPC --- foot location --- motion planning --- gait transitioning --- deep deterministic policy gradients --- snake manipulator --- data-driven --- accuracy --- 6DoF motion platform --- monitoring system --- crank arm mechanisms --- cable-driven parallel robots --- overconstrained robots --- design --- non-contact operations --- behavior-based --- climber robot --- control --- control architecture --- fault-tolerant --- legged robot --- optimization --- 3D printer --- Cartesian kinematics --- vibration analysis --- additive manufacturing --- mechanical design --- closed-kinematic chain manipulator (CKCM) --- sliding mode control (SMC) --- time-delay estimation (TDE) --- nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control (NFTSMC) --- synchronization control --- model-free control --- n/a

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Structural and Functional Analysis of Extracts in Plants collects 1 editorial, 3 reviews, and 26 research articles reporting recent research findings which cover several aspects of plant-derived bioactive compounds, to correlate extraction techniques with the chemical composition of extracts and their bioactivity for identifying molecules that might be used as active substances in a wide variety of areas.This book is a valuable resource for members of the scientific community wishing to further explore plants and the therapeutic applications of their bioactive compounds. It will appeal to scholars, teachers and scientists involved in plant product research, and facilitate the development of innovative new drugs.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- hierarchical cluster analysis --- principal component analysis --- ultrasound-assisted extraction --- triterpenic acid --- Ziziphus jujuba --- water-pepper --- FRAP --- DPPH --- polarity-based solvent extraction --- α-amylase inhibition --- circular economy --- green biorefinery --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- phytochemicals --- amino acids --- food and feed --- UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS/MS --- Bergenia emeiensis --- polysaccharides --- optimization --- RSM --- acrylamide-induced damage --- Sorbus commixta fruit --- anti-melanoma activity --- caspase-3 --- polyphenolic compounds --- depression --- antioxidant --- cytokines --- anti-inflammatory --- cytotoxicity --- medicinal mushroom --- Psilocybe natalensis --- coak oak --- chlorophyll --- terpenes --- lupeol --- cuticular permeance --- Suaeda vermiculata --- halophyte --- aqueous-ethanolic extract --- liver toxicity --- hepatoprotective --- liver disorders --- mass spectrometry --- LC-MS --- HepG-2 --- HepG-2/ADR --- zebrafish --- toxicity --- embryotoxicity --- medicinal plant --- animal model --- Crocus sativus --- in vivo --- carrageenan --- analgesic --- antidepressant --- anticoagulant --- adipogenesis --- AMPK --- anti-obesity --- triglycerides --- UCP1 --- Anacardiaceae --- design of experiments (DOEs) --- flavonoids --- green extraction --- HPLC-DAD --- LC-MS/MS --- tannins --- ultrasound assisted-extraction (UAE) --- compact mass spectrometry --- cleansing properties --- detergent plants --- phytochemical --- tissue culture --- Arbutus pavarii --- antibacterial activity --- MRSA --- time–kill curves --- ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography --- mass spectrometry (UHPLC- ESI-MS/MS) --- Trigonella stellata --- caffeic acid --- osteoporosis --- osteoblast --- osteoclast --- BMP --- Euphorbia cuneata --- Euphorbiaceae --- lipopolysaccharide --- oxidative stress --- NF-κB --- lung injury --- pachycereus weberi --- escontria chiotilla --- antioxidant activity --- phenolic compounds --- betalains --- food composition --- food analysis --- Scrophularia buergeriana --- S. koraiensis --- S. takesimensis --- harpagoside --- osteoclast differentiation --- RANKL --- Araucaria angustifolia --- bioactive compounds --- cysteine protease inhibitor --- functional food --- insecticide --- plant extracts --- termites --- tumor cells --- pine nuts --- urban pest --- polyphenols --- fruit development --- natural food colorant --- Sambucus canadensis --- Japanese knotweed --- Reynoutria --- Polygonum --- Polygonaceae --- anthraquinones --- emodin --- physcion --- HPTLC --- HPTLC-MS --- densitometry --- carrot juices --- carotenoids --- high-speed juicer --- low-speed juicer --- food processing --- extraction --- glucosinolates --- kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) --- phenolics --- candelilla plant --- antioxidant properties --- antimicrobial activity --- candelilla cultivation --- candelilla wax --- polysterols --- saponins --- therapeutic properties --- sage --- stirring and heating extraction --- mechanochemical extraction --- antiproliferative activity --- mutagenicity --- anticoagulant activity --- Rosmarinus officinalis --- hydroalcoholic extract --- Sam-Myo-Whan --- traditional medicine --- gouty arthritis --- inflammation --- monosodium urate --- Underutilized Mexican plants --- Cactus fruits --- Antioxidant activities --- Antiproliferative properties --- n/a --- time-kill curves

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Structural and Functional Analysis of Extracts in Plants collects 1 editorial, 3 reviews, and 26 research articles reporting recent research findings which cover several aspects of plant-derived bioactive compounds, to correlate extraction techniques with the chemical composition of extracts and their bioactivity for identifying molecules that might be used as active substances in a wide variety of areas.This book is a valuable resource for members of the scientific community wishing to further explore plants and the therapeutic applications of their bioactive compounds. It will appeal to scholars, teachers and scientists involved in plant product research, and facilitate the development of innovative new drugs.

hierarchical cluster analysis --- principal component analysis --- ultrasound-assisted extraction --- triterpenic acid --- Ziziphus jujuba --- water-pepper --- FRAP --- DPPH --- polarity-based solvent extraction --- α-amylase inhibition --- circular economy --- green biorefinery --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- phytochemicals --- amino acids --- food and feed --- UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS/MS --- Bergenia emeiensis --- polysaccharides --- optimization --- RSM --- acrylamide-induced damage --- Sorbus commixta fruit --- anti-melanoma activity --- caspase-3 --- polyphenolic compounds --- depression --- antioxidant --- cytokines --- anti-inflammatory --- cytotoxicity --- medicinal mushroom --- Psilocybe natalensis --- coak oak --- chlorophyll --- terpenes --- lupeol --- cuticular permeance --- Suaeda vermiculata --- halophyte --- aqueous-ethanolic extract --- liver toxicity --- hepatoprotective --- liver disorders --- mass spectrometry --- LC-MS --- HepG-2 --- HepG-2/ADR --- zebrafish --- toxicity --- embryotoxicity --- medicinal plant --- animal model --- Crocus sativus --- in vivo --- carrageenan --- analgesic --- antidepressant --- anticoagulant --- adipogenesis --- AMPK --- anti-obesity --- triglycerides --- UCP1 --- Anacardiaceae --- design of experiments (DOEs) --- flavonoids --- green extraction --- HPLC-DAD --- LC-MS/MS --- tannins --- ultrasound assisted-extraction (UAE) --- compact mass spectrometry --- cleansing properties --- detergent plants --- phytochemical --- tissue culture --- Arbutus pavarii --- antibacterial activity --- MRSA --- time–kill curves --- ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography --- mass spectrometry (UHPLC- ESI-MS/MS) --- Trigonella stellata --- caffeic acid --- osteoporosis --- osteoblast --- osteoclast --- BMP --- Euphorbia cuneata --- Euphorbiaceae --- lipopolysaccharide --- oxidative stress --- NF-κB --- lung injury --- pachycereus weberi --- escontria chiotilla --- antioxidant activity --- phenolic compounds --- betalains --- food composition --- food analysis --- Scrophularia buergeriana --- S. koraiensis --- S. takesimensis --- harpagoside --- osteoclast differentiation --- RANKL --- Araucaria angustifolia --- bioactive compounds --- cysteine protease inhibitor --- functional food --- insecticide --- plant extracts --- termites --- tumor cells --- pine nuts --- urban pest --- polyphenols --- fruit development --- natural food colorant --- Sambucus canadensis --- Japanese knotweed --- Reynoutria --- Polygonum --- Polygonaceae --- anthraquinones --- emodin --- physcion --- HPTLC --- HPTLC-MS --- densitometry --- carrot juices --- carotenoids --- high-speed juicer --- low-speed juicer --- food processing --- extraction --- glucosinolates --- kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) --- phenolics --- candelilla plant --- antioxidant properties --- antimicrobial activity --- candelilla cultivation --- candelilla wax --- polysterols --- saponins --- therapeutic properties --- sage --- stirring and heating extraction --- mechanochemical extraction --- antiproliferative activity --- mutagenicity --- anticoagulant activity --- Rosmarinus officinalis --- hydroalcoholic extract --- Sam-Myo-Whan --- traditional medicine --- gouty arthritis --- inflammation --- monosodium urate --- Underutilized Mexican plants --- Cactus fruits --- Antioxidant activities --- Antiproliferative properties --- n/a --- time-kill curves