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This article examines how economic shocks affect individual well-being in developing countries. Using the case of a sudden and unanticipated currency devaluation in Botswana as a quasi-experiment, the article examines how this monetary shock affects individuals' evaluations of well-being. This is done by using microlevel survey data, which-incidentally-were collected in the days surrounding the devaluation. The chance occurrence of the devaluation during the time of the survey enables us to use pretreatment respondents, surveyed before the devaluation, as approximate counterfactuals for post-treatment respondents, surveyed after the devaluation. Estimates show that the devaluation had a large and significantly negative effect on individuals' evaluations of subjective well-being. These results suggest that macroeconomic shocks, such as unanticipated currency devaluations, may have significant short-term costs in the form of reductions in people's sense of well-being.

Currencies and Exchange Rates --- Currency Devaluation --- Debt Markets --- Economic Shocks --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging Markets --- Fiscal & Monetary Policy --- Quasi-Experiment --- Subjective Well-Being

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This book provides an assessment of the effectiveness of 1277 conservation interventions based on summarized scientific evidence. The 2018 edition contains new chapters covering practical global conservation of primates, peatlands, shrublands and heathlands, management of captive animals as well as an extended chapter on control of freshwater invasive species. Other chapters cover global conservation of amphibians, bats, birds and forests, conservation of European farmland biodiversity and some aspects of enhancing natural pest control, enhancing soil fertility and control of freshwater invasive species. It contains key results from the summarized evidence for each conservation intervention and an assessment of the effectiveness of each by international expert panels. The accompanying website www.conservationevidence.com describes each of the studies individually, and provides full references.

Biodiversity conservation. --- Biodiversity conservation --- Habitat conservation. --- Habitat conservation --- Management. --- Conservation of habitat --- Habitat preservation --- Habitat protection --- Habitat (Ecology) --- Preservation of habitat --- Protection of habitat --- Nature conservation --- Biodiversity --- Biological diversity conservation --- Conservation of biodiversity --- Diversity conservation, Biological --- Gender mainstreaming in biodiversity conservation --- Maintenance of biological diversity --- Preservation of biological diversity --- Conservation of natural resources --- Ecosystem management --- Conservation --- Protection --- Government policy. --- environment --- practical intervention --- amphibians --- bats --- birds --- farmland --- soil fertility --- forests --- invasive species --- Habitat --- Herbicide --- Predation --- Primate --- Quasi-experiment

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"Perspektiven auf Hochschullernwerkstätten" bündelt Tagungsbeiträge der 11. Internationalen Tagung der Hochschullernwerkstätten im Februar 2018 in Erfurt. Es lädt dazu ein, in den breiten Diskurs über konzeptionelle Überlegungen, Forschungen und Praxiserfahrungen in und über Hochschullernwerkstätten einzutauchen. Mit der Betonung des Wechselspiels von Individuum, Gemeinschaft, Ding und Raum werden dabei vier Themenfelder und Interdependenzbeziehungen aufgegriffen, die für Hochschullernwerkstätten konstitutiv sind: • Welche Chancen und Herausforderungen bieten Lernwerkstätten für die individuelle Entwicklung? • Wie können kooperative und kollaborative Lernprozesse in Gemeinschaften gefördert werden? • Welche Bedeutung haben Dinge, Artefakte, Medien, Technologien für Lernen und Bildung in Lernwerkstätten? • Wie realisieren sich in Räumen und Raumkonstellationen von Lernwerkstätten unterschiedliche diskursive Praxen und Lernprozesse? Die Reihe "Lernen und Studieren in Lernwerkstätten - Impulse für Theorie und Praxis" wird herausgegeben von Hartmut Wedekind, Markus Peschel, Eva-Kristina Franz, Johannes Gunzenreiner und Barbara Müller-Naendrup.

BMBF-Projekt --- Internationale Tagung der Hochschullernwerkstätten --- Hochschullernwerkstätten --- Lehrerbildung --- Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung --- Studierende --- Technologien --- Hochschulpädagogik --- QUALITEACH --- Hochschule --- Hochschullehre --- Hochschuldidaktik --- Lernwerkstatt --- Forschungswerkstatt --- Forschung --- Forschungspraxis --- Student --- Erziehungswissenschaftler --- Lehramtsstudent --- Lehrerbildner --- Lehrerausbildung --- Konzeption --- Praxiserfahrung --- Individuum --- Gemeinschaft --- Individuelle Entwicklung --- Kooperatives Lernen --- Kollaboration --- Lernprozess --- Lernentwicklung --- Lehr-Lern-Prozess --- Reflexion --- Forschendes Lernen --- Raum --- Lernumgebung --- Lernort --- Raumgestaltung --- Diagnostik --- Selbstverständnis --- Konzept --- Diskurs --- Elementarpädagogik --- Studiengang --- Bildungsbegriff --- Werkstattarbeit --- Kind --- Besuch --- Frühpädagogik --- Entwicklung --- Teilnahme --- Begleitung --- Handlungsorientierung --- Anerkennung --- Praxisbezug --- Pädagogisches Handeln --- Pädagogische Praxis --- Kasuistik --- Demokratische Bildung --- Lehrer --- Professionalisierung --- Praxeologie --- Materielle Bedingungen --- Subjekt --- Mensch-Raum-Beziehung --- Lernen --- Didaktisches Material --- Lernmaterial --- Herstellung --- Problemorientiertes Lernen --- Primarbereich --- Selbstbestimmtes Lernen --- Experiment --- Sachunterricht --- Kompetenzentwicklung --- Unterrichtsplanung --- Adaptiver Unterricht --- Aufgabenstellung --- Lernausgangslage --- Lehrkompetenz --- Hochschulkooperation --- Universitätsbibliothek --- Bibliothek --- Transformation --- Raumnutzung --- Agency-Theorie --- Poster --- Umfrage --- Qualitative Analyse --- Fragebogenerhebung --- Evaluation --- Studie --- Interventionsstudie --- Interview --- Quasi-Experiment --- Sammelband --- Halle-Wittenberg --- Emden --- Siegen --- Erfurt --- Dresden --- Osnabrück --- Kassel --- Brixen --- Bozen --- Sachsen-Anhalt --- Niedersachsen --- Nordrhein-Westfalen --- Thüringen --- Sachsen --- Saarland --- Hessen --- Südtirol --- Deutschland --- Israel --- Italien --- Higher education institute --- Higher education lecturing --- University lecturing --- University teaching --- University didactics --- Learning workshop --- Research --- Research practice --- Male student --- Educationalist --- Student teachers --- Teacher educators --- Teacher education --- Teachers' training --- Teacher training --- Conception --- Individual --- Personal development --- Cooperative learning --- Learning process --- Teaching-learning process --- Educational Environment --- Learning environment --- Educational setting --- Interior design --- Diagnostic --- Self-awareness --- Fundamental concepts --- Discourse --- Early childhood education and care --- Elementary education pedagogics --- Pedagogics of elementary education --- Channel of academic studies --- Course of studies --- Course of study --- Concept of education --- Child --- Early childhood education --- Participation --- Practice relevance --- Teacher --- Professionalization --- Learning --- Advance organizers --- Manufacturing --- Problem based learning --- Primary education --- Primary level --- Instruction in natural science subjects --- Primary school science and social studies --- Skill development --- Lesson Planing --- Planning of teaching --- Task definition --- Task setting --- Teaching Skills --- Intercollegiate cooperation --- University library --- Space utilization --- Qualitative analysis --- Questionnaire survey --- Osnabrueck --- Saxony-Anhalt --- Lower Saxony --- North Rhine-Westphalia --- North-Rhine Westphalia --- Thuringia --- Saxony --- South Tyrol --- Germany --- Italy