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Place de la PCR plasmodium dans le screening des donneurs ayant séjourné en zone d'endémie : comparaison avec les données sérologiques

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Contexte: La présence du plasmodium chez les donneurs de sang que ce soit dans les régions endémiques ou non endémiques est un problème majeur de santé publique dans le cadre de la biosécurité transfusionnelle. Il y a un risque d'infection sévère chez les receveurs qui peuvent par ailleurs devenir des porteurs asymptomatiques et un réservoir pour le parasite et le maintien de leur transmission [12].Ce travail a pour objectif d'évaluer les techniques de PCR pan plasmodium en comparaison avec la sérologie pour le diagnostic du paludisme afin d'introduire le test dans le screening des donneurs. Méthodologie: La présente étude a été conduite au service du sang de Belgique à Rhines et au laboratoire de microbiologie Clinique de CHU de Liège. Un code particulier a été attribué à chaque dossier et seuls ces codes ont été transmis avec le prélèvement sanguin au laboratoire de microbiologie clinique de CHU de Liège. Les critères d'inclusion étaient tout sujet adulte sans discrimination de sexe, donneur bénévole de sang ayant séjourné en zone d'endémie palustre quel que soit la durée, présent en Belgique depuis au moins 6 mois et dont la sérologie malaria est revenue positive par le kit CaptiaTM Malaria EIA. Les échantillons étaient prélevés sur tubes EDTA de 3 ml de sang total et congelé à - 20°C.L'ADN a été extrait à partir de 200 microlitres d'échantillon de sang sur l'automate Maxwell (Promega).L'amplification a été réalisée sur un thermocycler ABI 7500 (Biosystems).Résultats: Au total un échantillon de 68 sujets a été inclus, dont l'âge médian était de 38 ans avec un intervalle interquartile de 23,5 ans. L'échantillon est composé à 45 % des sujets âgés de 30 à 49 ans. Sur les 68 sujets, 57% étaient de sexe masculin, près d'un sujet sur quatre était d'origine congolaise (RDC) et 16% des sujets étaient des belges. En ce qui concerne l'antécédent de paludisme, il y avait trente-huit (38)% des sujets ayant fait une crise de malaria dans le passé, la même proportion a terminé son traitement antipaludique il Y a plus de 3 ans.Près de 70% des sujets étaient des nouveaux donneurs ayant vécu leurs 5 premières années de vie en région tropicale impaludée. La même proportion vit en zone non impaludée depuis plus de 3 ans, dans laquelle on note un cas particulier qui reste positif en sérologie alors que son dernier voyage à risque de malaria remonte à 14 ans.La moitié des donneurs avait effectué un voyage à risque depuis le dernier don. Tous les donneurs avaient quitté la zone à risque de malaria depuis au moins 6 mois.


Book
Real-time PCR in food science : current technology and applications
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ISBN: 1908230150 9781908230157 Year: 2013 Publisher: Norfolk, UK Caister Academic Press

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Bacterial detection and control are vital aspects of food microbiology. Real-time PCR is one of the most significant advances in this area, providing rapid, reliable, and quantitative results. In recent years, real-time PCR has become increasingly important to the agricultural and food industries as a valuable alternative to traditional detection methods. The advantages of quantitative real-time PCR include speed, an excellent detection limit, selectivity, specificity, sensitivity, and the potential for automation. Written by experts in the field, this book is an indispensable manual for scien.


Book
Heat Transfer in Engineering
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The advancements in research related to heat transfer has gathered much attention in recent decades following the quest for efficient thermal systems, interdisciplinary studies involving heat transfer, and energy research. Heat transfer, a fundamental transport phenomenon, has been considered one of the critical aspects for the development and advancement of many modern applications, including cooling, thermal systems which contain symmetry analysis, energy conservation and storage, and symmetry-preserving discretization of heat transfer in a complex turbulent flow. The objective of this book is to present recent advances, as well as up-to-date progress in all areas of heat transfer in engineering and its influence on emerging technologies.


Book
Heat Transfer in Engineering
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The advancements in research related to heat transfer has gathered much attention in recent decades following the quest for efficient thermal systems, interdisciplinary studies involving heat transfer, and energy research. Heat transfer, a fundamental transport phenomenon, has been considered one of the critical aspects for the development and advancement of many modern applications, including cooling, thermal systems which contain symmetry analysis, energy conservation and storage, and symmetry-preserving discretization of heat transfer in a complex turbulent flow. The objective of this book is to present recent advances, as well as up-to-date progress in all areas of heat transfer in engineering and its influence on emerging technologies.


Book
Heat Transfer in Engineering
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The advancements in research related to heat transfer has gathered much attention in recent decades following the quest for efficient thermal systems, interdisciplinary studies involving heat transfer, and energy research. Heat transfer, a fundamental transport phenomenon, has been considered one of the critical aspects for the development and advancement of many modern applications, including cooling, thermal systems which contain symmetry analysis, energy conservation and storage, and symmetry-preserving discretization of heat transfer in a complex turbulent flow. The objective of this book is to present recent advances, as well as up-to-date progress in all areas of heat transfer in engineering and its influence on emerging technologies.


Book
Target and Non-Target Approaches for Food Authenticity and Traceability
Author:
ISBN: 3036554572 3036554580 Year: 2022 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Over the last few years, the subject of food authenticity and food fraud has received increasing attention from consumers and other stakeholders, such as government agencies and policymakers, control labs, producers, industry, and the research community. Among the different approaches aiming to identify, tackle, and/or deter fraudulent practices in the agri-food sector, the development of new, fast, and accurate methodologies to evaluate food authenticity is of major importance. This book, entitled “Target and Non-Target Approaches for Food Authenticity and Traceability”, gathers original research and review papers focusing on the development and application of both targeted and non-targeted methodologies applied to verify food authenticity and traceability. The contributions regard different foods, among which some are frequently considered as the most prone to adulteration, such as olive oil, honey, meat, and fish. This book is intended for readers aiming to enrich their knowledge through reading contemporary and multidisciplinary papers on the topic of food authentication.

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- COIBar–RFLP (cytochrome oxidase I barcode–restriction fragment length polymorphism) --- seafood --- fraud --- DNA barcoding --- food authenticity --- food adulteration --- food fraud --- donkey --- cytochrome b --- real-time PCR --- meat products --- honey --- regional origin --- chemometric analysis --- mineral content --- Montenegro --- Sepia --- common cuttlefish --- Sepia officinalis --- real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) --- species identification --- food authentication --- COI (Cytochrome Oxidase I) --- Olea europaea var Sylvestris --- oleaster --- olive --- olive oil --- adulteration --- SNP --- DNA --- virgin olive oil --- quality --- volatile compounds --- sensory analysis --- chemometrics --- anti food fraud --- Curcuma longa --- DNA markers --- SYBR-GREEN real-time PCR --- Zea mays --- pasta --- Triticum aestivum --- Triticum durum --- genetic traceability --- digital PCR --- semolina --- species --- truffle --- Tuber spp. --- species differentiation --- near-infrared spectroscopy --- red deer --- roe deer --- water deer --- multiplex PCR --- capillary electrophoresis --- perilla --- sesame --- geographic origin --- metabolomics --- multivariate analysis --- metabolite profiling --- quantification --- chicken --- guinea fowl --- pheasant --- quail --- turkey --- authentication --- authenticity --- chemometric --- fish --- origin --- meat --- milk --- spectroscopy --- 1H-NMR --- GC-MS --- HPLC-UV/VIS --- protein hydrolysate --- free amino acid contents --- ProHydrAdd --- monofloral honey --- direct analysis in real time (DART) --- high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) --- geographical origin --- Ginkgo biloba --- plant infusions --- real-time polymerase chain reaction --- DNA extraction --- opium poppy --- seed --- pollen grains --- bakery product --- oil --- PCR --- Salmo salar L. --- fatty acids --- mislabeling --- machine learning --- n/a --- COIBar-RFLP (cytochrome oxidase I barcode-restriction fragment length polymorphism)

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