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Knjiga prinaša poglobljeno študijo o prvi Galileovi »kopernikanski bitki«, ki je potekala v letih 1609–1611, ko je Galileo s pomočjo nedavno odkritega daljnogleda prišel do novih spoznanj, ki so govorila v prid kopernikanskemu »sistemu sveta« ali vsaj proti tedaj splošno sprejeti aristotelovski kozmologiji: od gor in dolin na Luni preko štirih Jupitrovih spremljevalcev do Venerinih faz. Študijo dopolnjuje dvojezična (latinsko-slovenska) izdaja Zvezdnega glasnika (Sidereus nuncius), ki je izšel leta 1609, v katerem je Galileo javnosti prvič poročal o svojih odkritjih, prevod Keplerjevega spisa Razgovor z Zvezdnim glasnikom (Disertatio cum cum nuncio sidereo) iz leta 1610 in izbrana pisma, napisana v obdobju med letoma 1597–1611, povezana z osupljivimi Galileovimi nebesnimi odkritji, spremljajočimi okoliščinami in polemikami, ki so jih spodbudila.

astronomy --- correspondence --- Galileo, Galileo --- history --- Kepler, Johannes --- letters --- philosophy of science --- science --- scientific revolution --- astronomija --- filozofija znanosti --- Galilei, Galileo --- korespondenca --- pisma --- zgodovina --- znanost --- znanstvena revolucija --- Galilei, Galileo, --- Kepler, Johannes,

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In this first modern, critical assessment of the place of mathematics in Berkeley's philosophy and Berkeley's place in the history of mathematics, Douglas M. Jesseph provides a bold reinterpretation of Berkeley's work. Jesseph challenges the prevailing view that Berkeley's mathematical writings are peripheral to his philosophy and argues that mathematics is in fact central to his thought, developing out of his critique of abstraction. Jesseph's argument situates Berkeley's ideas within the larger historical and intellectual context of the Scientific Revolution. Jesseph begins with Berkeley's radical opposition to the received view of mathematics in the philosophy of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, when mathematics was considered a "science of abstractions." Since this view seriously conflicted with Berkeley's critique of abstract ideas, Jesseph contends that he was forced to come up with a nonabstract philosophy of mathematics. Jesseph examines Berkeley's unique treatments of geometry and arithmetic and his famous critique of the calculus in The Analyst. By putting Berkeley's mathematical writings in the perspective of his larger philosophical project and examining their impact on eighteenth-century British mathematics, Jesseph makes a major contribution to philosophy and to the history and philosophy of science.

Mathematics --- Philosophy. --- Berkeley, George, --- philosophy, berkeley, mathematics, abstraction, geometry, scientific revolution, calculus, aristotle, arithmetic, numbers, formalism, analyst, walton, jurin, infinites, fluxions, newton, leibniz, indivisibles, algebra, proof, nonfiction, science, history, philosophical commentaries, principles, new theory of vision, practice, departed quantities.

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The quest to pinpoint the age of the Earth is nearly as old as humanity itself. For most of history, people trusted mythology or religion to provide the answer, even though nature abounds with clues to the past of the Earth and the stars. In A Natural History of Time, geophysicist Pascal Richet tells the fascinating story of how scientists and philosophers examined those clues and from them built a chronological scale that has made it possible to reconstruct the history of nature itself. Richet begins his story with mythological traditions, which were heavily influence...

Geological time. --- Age of rocks --- Geochronology --- Geochrony --- Rocks --- Time, Geological --- Chronology --- Historical geology --- Sequence stratigraphy --- Age --- Earth --- Age. --- history, paleontology, earth, geology, science, philosophy, creation, genesis, mythology, seasons, time, cycles, judaism, christianity, religion, antioch, scientific revolution, astronomy, fossils, radiometric dating, solar system, universe, nonfiction, nature, comets, physics, kelvin, arthur holmes, atomic bomb, nuclear, debate, geophysics.

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Knjiga prinaša poglobljeno študijo o prvi Galileovi »kopernikanski bitki«, ki je potekala v letih 1609–1611, ko je Galileo s pomočjo nedavno odkritega daljnogleda prišel do novih spoznanj, ki so govorila v prid kopernikanskemu »sistemu sveta« ali vsaj proti tedaj splošno sprejeti aristotelovski kozmologiji: od gor in dolin na Luni preko štirih Jupitrovih spremljevalcev do Venerinih faz. Študijo dopolnjuje dvojezična (latinsko-slovenska) izdaja Zvezdnega glasnika (Sidereus nuncius), ki je izšel leta 1609, v katerem je Galileo javnosti prvič poročal o svojih odkritjih, prevod Keplerjevega spisa Razgovor z Zvezdnim glasnikom (Disertatio cum cum nuncio sidereo) iz leta 1610 in izbrana pisma, napisana v obdobju med letoma 1597–1611, povezana z osupljivimi Galileovimi nebesnimi odkritji, spremljajočimi okoliščinami in polemikami, ki so jih spodbudila.

Western philosophy: Medieval & Renaissance, c 500 to c 1600 --- Philosophy of science --- astronomy --- correspondence --- Galileo, Galileo --- history --- Kepler, Johannes --- letters --- philosophy of science --- science --- scientific revolution --- astronomija --- filozofija znanosti --- Galilei, Galileo --- korespondenca --- pisma --- zgodovina --- znanost --- znanstvena revolucija --- Galilei, Galileo, --- Kepler, Johannes,

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Is plot a line, an arc, or a shape? None of these. Rather than thinking of plot as a sequence of events or actions put into place solely through human agency against the backdrop of setting, this book questions why we should distinguish between plot and setting—and indeed, whether we can make such a distinction. After all, plot, Yoon Sun Lee contends, cannot be disentangled from the material setting in which it takes place.In The Natural Laws of Plot, Lee connects the history of the novel and the history of science to show how plot in the realist novel is given shape by the characteristics of the physical world—and how in turn, plot serves as the avenue through which the realist novel participates in the same lines of inquiry about the world as pursued by the natural and physical sciences. Lee argues that the novel emerges and evolves in tandem with the development of scientific practices and concepts in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe to investigate the idea of a unified and objective world. Drawing on readings from Defoe, Austen, Scott, and many others, Lee demonstrates how bodies, human and non-human, behave according to laws that are built into worlds by plot, and how they are subject to causes and consequences that can occur independently of individual action, social forces, or metaphysical destiny. This interest in representing and exploring how things happen sets the novel apart from other literary genres, and makes the history of science integral to the understanding of the history and theory of the novel, and of narrative.Plot, Lee shows us, is immersive and powerful, because it satisfies our wish to know how things happen in a coherent, objective, and possibly real world.

English fiction --- Literature and science --- Natural history --- Objectivity in literature. --- Objectivity. --- Plots (Drama, novel, etc.). --- Realism in literature. --- History and criticism. --- History --- Philosophy. --- Austen. --- Burney. --- Defoe. --- Edgeworth. --- Fielding. --- Godwin. --- Haywood. --- Radcliffe. --- Richardson. --- Scott. --- Smollett. --- Sterne. --- causality. --- empiricism. --- experiment. --- history of science. --- literary history. --- natural philosophy. --- novel. --- objectivity. --- probability. --- realism. --- scientific revolution. --- theory.