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Climate change is becoming visible today, and so this book—through including innovative solutions and experimental research as well as state-of-the-art studies in challenging areas related to sustainable energy development based on hybrid energy systems that combine renewable energy systems with fuel cells—represents a useful resource for researchers in these fields. In this context, hydrogen fuel cell technology is one of the alternative solutions for the development of future clean energy systems. As this book presents the latest solutions, readers working in research areas related to the above are invited to read it.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- fuel cell powered vehicle --- medium- and heavy-duty trucks --- component sizing --- ownership cost --- optimization --- hybrid power systems --- renewable energy sources --- fuel cell systems --- required-power-following control --- fuel economy --- permanent magnet synchronous generator --- fault ride-through --- interval type-2 fuzzy logic system --- wind energy conversion --- proton exchange membrane fuel cell --- hydrogen economy --- fueling flows control --- global extremum seeking --- load following --- matlab --- simulink --- real-time capability --- dynamic fuel cell model --- electricity distribution networks --- optimal capacitor allocation --- Genetic Algorithm --- Particle Swarm Optimization --- Bat Algorithm --- Whale Algorithm --- Sperm-Whale Algorithm --- alternative energy --- energy efficiency --- fuel cell --- hydrogen energy --- stationary application --- electrical vehicle --- AC charging station in mode 3 --- PLC --- steam methane reforming --- steam methanol reforming --- electrical efficiency --- exergy efficiency --- LNG --- Stirling engine --- solar concentrator --- automation system --- human–machine interface --- sensors --- direct methanol fuel cell --- multi stacks --- portable power --- energy management system --- Internet of Things --- long-term --- in-field test

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• Reference Manager
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Climate change is becoming visible today, and so this book—through including innovative solutions and experimental research as well as state-of-the-art studies in challenging areas related to sustainable energy development based on hybrid energy systems that combine renewable energy systems with fuel cells—represents a useful resource for researchers in these fields. In this context, hydrogen fuel cell technology is one of the alternative solutions for the development of future clean energy systems. As this book presents the latest solutions, readers working in research areas related to the above are invited to read it.

fuel cell powered vehicle --- medium- and heavy-duty trucks --- component sizing --- ownership cost --- optimization --- hybrid power systems --- renewable energy sources --- fuel cell systems --- required-power-following control --- fuel economy --- permanent magnet synchronous generator --- fault ride-through --- interval type-2 fuzzy logic system --- wind energy conversion --- proton exchange membrane fuel cell --- hydrogen economy --- fueling flows control --- global extremum seeking --- load following --- matlab --- simulink --- real-time capability --- dynamic fuel cell model --- electricity distribution networks --- optimal capacitor allocation --- Genetic Algorithm --- Particle Swarm Optimization --- Bat Algorithm --- Whale Algorithm --- Sperm-Whale Algorithm --- alternative energy --- energy efficiency --- fuel cell --- hydrogen energy --- stationary application --- electrical vehicle --- AC charging station in mode 3 --- PLC --- steam methane reforming --- steam methanol reforming --- electrical efficiency --- exergy efficiency --- LNG --- Stirling engine --- solar concentrator --- automation system --- human–machine interface --- sensors --- direct methanol fuel cell --- multi stacks --- portable power --- energy management system --- Internet of Things --- long-term --- in-field test

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Modern holographic techniques have been successfully applied in many important areas, such as 3-D inspection, 3-D microscopy, metrology, and profilometry, augmented reality, and industrial informatics. This Special Issue covers selected pieces of cutting-edge research works, ranging from low-level acquisition, to high-level analysis, processing, and manipulation of holographic information. The Special Issue also serves as a comprehensive review of existing state-of-the-art techniques in 3-D imaging and 3-D display, as well as broad insights into the future development of these disciplines. The Special Issue contains 25 papers in the field of holography, 3-D imaging, and 3-D display. All the papers underwent substantial peer review under the guidelines of Applied Sciences.

History of engineering & technology --- optical scanning holography --- extended depth-of-field --- automatic focus detection --- entropy minimization --- block partitioned entropy minimization --- holographic printing --- holographic stereogram --- holographic element (hogel) --- round-trip imaging --- scattering media --- 3D imaging --- transmission matrix --- spatial light modulator --- digital holography --- phase modulation --- Fourier spectra --- fast characterization --- coherent imaging --- hologram --- holography --- phase-only --- compression --- deep learning --- JPEG --- convolutional neural network --- shape from focus --- neural network --- weight passing --- computer-generated hologram --- rainbow hologram --- high resolution --- fringe printer --- wide viewing angle --- three-dimensional imaging --- multiwavelength digital holography --- color holography --- phase-shifting interferometry --- phase-shifting digital holography --- absolute phase retrieval --- phase-shift --- fringe order --- geometric constraints --- holographic solar concentrator --- holographic lens --- volume phase holographic optical elements --- near-eye display --- leaky mode --- lithium niobate --- holographic video --- augmented reality --- 3D display --- acousto-optic modulator --- laser-induced structures --- computer holography --- spatial light modulators --- diffraction gratings --- imaging systems --- digital hologram --- holographic display --- tabletop display --- hologram measurement --- ophthalmoscope --- lens design --- medical optics and biotechnology --- holographic element --- virtual reality --- 3-D optical imaging processing --- 3-D optical display --- 3-D projection integral imaging --- three-dimensional dual-view display --- shape from focus (SFF) --- jitter noise --- focus curve --- Kalman filter --- imaging --- 3D --- high-resolution episcopic microscopy --- episcopic --- phenotyping --- HREM --- tomographic diffractive microscopy (TDM) --- diffracted field --- holographic interferometry --- inverse scattering --- dual-view display --- integral imaging --- lens-array holographic optical element --- 3D imaging system --- wave field synthesis --- vergence–accommodation conflict --- lens array --- focus cue --- light field display --- holographic 3D display --- computer generated holography --- generalized phase-shifting interferometry --- slightly tilted reference --- numerical simulations --- n/a --- vergence-accommodation conflict

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Reprints of Polymers Special Issue entitled "Polymer films for photovoltaic applications", which covers all fields related to polymer films for photovoltaic applications, but special attention will be given to the following aspects:- The synthesis and suitable modification of polymer structure, to obtain polymer thin films for PV devices;- The influence of film deposition (thermal vacuum evaporation (TVE), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), spin coating, spray, etc.) on the properties of polymer films;- The thermo-optical properties of polymer thin films and blends of polymer films, as potential parts of PV systems;- The influence of doping or protonation of polymer thin films and blend polymer films on their properties;- Polymer thin films as active layers in PV solar cells—correlation of chemical structure and PV properties;- BHJ solar cells with polymer blends films—the choice of blend film composition to obtain the best PV parameters.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- azomethines --- supramolecular organization --- organic thin films --- polymer:fullerene blends --- organic photovoltaics --- memory device --- organic semiconductors --- poly-N-epoxy-propylcarbazole --- tera-cyanoquino-dimethane --- CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs --- amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) --- light amplification --- surface passivation --- photostability --- 3D helicoidal architecture --- fiber-based polymer composite --- impact resistance --- lightweight photovoltaics (PV) --- integrated PV rooftop --- luminescent solar concentrator --- polymer matrix --- organic fluorophore --- intramolecular charge transfer --- light harvesting --- dye --- organic solar cells --- ellipsometry --- ternary organic films --- morphology examination --- micro --- perovskite --- solar cell --- 3D printing --- fused deposition modeling --- artificially light-harvesting --- luminescent solar concentrators --- molecular alignability prediction --- redirecting diffuse light --- polymer:fullerene blend films --- iodine doping --- annealing effect --- absorption edge parameters --- exciton bandwidth --- structural changes --- BHJ solar cells --- polymer --- bulk heterojunction --- PEDOT:PSS --- PTB7:PC70BM --- PFN-Br --- SCAPS 1D --- encapsulants for PV modules --- lamination process --- EVA --- POE --- power conversion efficiency --- hybrid perovskite --- tandem structure --- photovoltaics --- commercialization --- molecular modeling --- stretching process --- polymers --- mechanical deformation --- density functional theory --- crosslinking kinetics --- dynamic mechanical analysis --- activation energy --- indoloquinoxaline --- low-cost polymer donor --- wide-bandgap polymer --- polymer solar cells --- dye-sensitized solar cells --- redox mediator --- solid polymer electrolytes --- succinonitrile --- electrical conductivity --- bulk-heterojunction solar cells --- perovskite solar cells --- thin layers

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• Reference Manager
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Modern holographic techniques have been successfully applied in many important areas, such as 3-D inspection, 3-D microscopy, metrology, and profilometry, augmented reality, and industrial informatics. This Special Issue covers selected pieces of cutting-edge research works, ranging from low-level acquisition, to high-level analysis, processing, and manipulation of holographic information. The Special Issue also serves as a comprehensive review of existing state-of-the-art techniques in 3-D imaging and 3-D display, as well as broad insights into the future development of these disciplines. The Special Issue contains 25 papers in the field of holography, 3-D imaging, and 3-D display. All the papers underwent substantial peer review under the guidelines of Applied Sciences.

History of engineering & technology --- optical scanning holography --- extended depth-of-field --- automatic focus detection --- entropy minimization --- block partitioned entropy minimization --- holographic printing --- holographic stereogram --- holographic element (hogel) --- round-trip imaging --- scattering media --- 3D imaging --- transmission matrix --- spatial light modulator --- digital holography --- phase modulation --- Fourier spectra --- fast characterization --- coherent imaging --- hologram --- holography --- phase-only --- compression --- deep learning --- JPEG --- convolutional neural network --- shape from focus --- neural network --- weight passing --- computer-generated hologram --- rainbow hologram --- high resolution --- fringe printer --- wide viewing angle --- three-dimensional imaging --- multiwavelength digital holography --- color holography --- phase-shifting interferometry --- phase-shifting digital holography --- absolute phase retrieval --- phase-shift --- fringe order --- geometric constraints --- holographic solar concentrator --- holographic lens --- volume phase holographic optical elements --- near-eye display --- leaky mode --- lithium niobate --- holographic video --- augmented reality --- 3D display --- acousto-optic modulator --- laser-induced structures --- computer holography --- spatial light modulators --- diffraction gratings --- imaging systems --- digital hologram --- holographic display --- tabletop display --- hologram measurement --- ophthalmoscope --- lens design --- medical optics and biotechnology --- holographic element --- virtual reality --- 3-D optical imaging processing --- 3-D optical display --- 3-D projection integral imaging --- three-dimensional dual-view display --- shape from focus (SFF) --- jitter noise --- focus curve --- Kalman filter --- imaging --- 3D --- high-resolution episcopic microscopy --- episcopic --- phenotyping --- HREM --- tomographic diffractive microscopy (TDM) --- diffracted field --- holographic interferometry --- inverse scattering --- dual-view display --- integral imaging --- lens-array holographic optical element --- 3D imaging system --- wave field synthesis --- vergence–accommodation conflict --- lens array --- focus cue --- light field display --- holographic 3D display --- computer generated holography --- generalized phase-shifting interferometry --- slightly tilted reference --- numerical simulations --- n/a --- vergence-accommodation conflict