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Book
Advanced Phase Change Materials for Thermal Storage
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is a research topic that has attracted much attention in recent decades. This is mainly due to the potential use of PCMs as latent storage media in a large variety of applications. Although many kinds of PCMs are already commercial products, advanced materials with improved properties and new latent storage concepts are required to better meet the specific requirements of different applications. Moreover, the development of common validation procedures for PCMs is an important issue that should be addressed in order to achieve commercial deployment and implementation of these kinds of materials in latent storage systems. The key subjects addressed on the five papers included in this Special Issue are related to methodologies for material selection, PCM validation and assessment procedures, innovative approaches of PCM applications together with simulation and testing of latent storage prototypes.


Book
Advanced Phase Change Materials for Thermal Storage
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is a research topic that has attracted much attention in recent decades. This is mainly due to the potential use of PCMs as latent storage media in a large variety of applications. Although many kinds of PCMs are already commercial products, advanced materials with improved properties and new latent storage concepts are required to better meet the specific requirements of different applications. Moreover, the development of common validation procedures for PCMs is an important issue that should be addressed in order to achieve commercial deployment and implementation of these kinds of materials in latent storage systems. The key subjects addressed on the five papers included in this Special Issue are related to methodologies for material selection, PCM validation and assessment procedures, innovative approaches of PCM applications together with simulation and testing of latent storage prototypes.


Book
Advanced Phase Change Materials for Thermal Storage
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is a research topic that has attracted much attention in recent decades. This is mainly due to the potential use of PCMs as latent storage media in a large variety of applications. Although many kinds of PCMs are already commercial products, advanced materials with improved properties and new latent storage concepts are required to better meet the specific requirements of different applications. Moreover, the development of common validation procedures for PCMs is an important issue that should be addressed in order to achieve commercial deployment and implementation of these kinds of materials in latent storage systems. The key subjects addressed on the five papers included in this Special Issue are related to methodologies for material selection, PCM validation and assessment procedures, innovative approaches of PCM applications together with simulation and testing of latent storage prototypes.


Book
Micro/Nano Materials for Clean Energy and Environment
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039211293 3039211285 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The Tsinghua University–University of Waterloo Joint Research Center for Micro/Nano Energy & Environment Technology (JCMEET) is a platform. It was established on Nov.11, 2017. The Chairperson of University Council of Tsinghua University, Dr. Xu Chen, and the President of the University of Waterloo, Dr. Feridun Hamdullahpur, attended the opening ceremony and unveiled the nameplate for the joint research center on 29th of March, 2018. The research center serves as a platform for researchers at both universities to conduct joint research in the targeted areas, and to meet regularly for information exchange, talent exchange, and knowledge mobilization, especially in the fields of micro/nano, energy, and environmental technologies. The center focuses on three main interests: micro/nano energy technology, micro/nano pollution control technology, and relevant fundamental research. In order to celebrate the first anniversary of the Joint Research Center, we were invited to serve as the Guest Editors of this Special Issue of Materials focusing on the topic of micro/nano-materials for clean energy and environment. It collects research papers from a broad range of topics related to micro/nanostructured materials aimed at future energy resources, low emission energy conversion, energy storage, energy efficiency improvement, air emission control, air monitoring, air cleaning, and many other related applications. This Special Issue provides an opportunity and example for the international community to discuss how to actively address the energy and environment issues that we are facing.


Book
Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Conversion Systems
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.


Book
Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Conversion Systems
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.


Book
Clean Energy and Fuel (Hydrogen) Storage
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ISBN: 3039216317 3039216309 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Clean energy and fuel storage are often required for both stationary and automotive applications. Some of these clean energy and fuel storage technologies currently under extensive research and development include hydrogen storage, direct electric storage, mechanical energy storage, solar–thermal energy storage, electrochemical (batteries and supercapacitors), and thermochemical storage. The gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity, energy storage density, power output, operating temperature and pressure, cycle life, recyclability, and cost of clean energy or fuel storage are some of the factors that govern efficient energy and fuel storage technologies for potential deployment in energy harvesting (solar and wind farms) stations and onboard vehicular transportation. This Special Issue thus serves the need for promoting exploratory research and development on clean energy and fuel storage technologies while addressing their challenges to practical and sustainable infrastructures.

Keywords

MgH2 --- vertically oriented graphene --- gas loss --- concentrated solar power (CSP) --- complex hydrides --- PCM roof --- hydrogen storage systems --- slag --- bubbles transportation --- dye-sensitized solar cells --- undercooling --- methanogenesis --- electrochemical energy storage --- hydrogen storage --- Fischer–Tropsch --- state of charge estimator --- gas turbine engine --- simplified electrochemical model --- hot summer and cold winter area --- rock permeability --- flutter instability --- charge density --- binder --- salt cavern energy storage --- battery energy storage system --- capacitance --- LiNH2 --- ball milling --- production rate --- leaching tubing --- quality function deployment (QFD) --- nanocatalyst --- lab-scale --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- comprehensive incremental benefit --- lean direct injection --- Li-ion batteries --- separator --- four-point --- salt cavern --- low emissions combustion --- ionic liquid --- carbon materials --- nanocomposite materials --- electrical double layers --- recovery factor --- thermochemical energy storage --- Klinkenberg method --- flow-induced vibration --- cathode --- porous media --- metal hydride --- aquifer size --- diffusion --- auxiliary services compensation --- water invasion --- conjugate phase change heat transfer --- heat transfer enhancement --- failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) --- magnetism --- carbonate gas reservoirs --- equivalent loss of cycle life --- internal and reverse external axial flows --- thermal energy storage --- lithium-ion batteries --- bacterial sulfate reduction --- crystal growth rates --- optimal capacity --- gas storage --- energy discharge --- anode --- Ag nanoparticles --- regenerator --- hydrogen absorption --- freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays --- material science --- extended kalman filter --- reactive transport modeling --- synthetic rock salt testing --- hydrogen energy storage --- lattice Boltzmann method --- dynamic modeling --- bubbles burst --- Power to Liquid --- large-scale wind farm --- PHREEQC


Book
Secure and Sustainable Energy System
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3036557148 303655713X Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This special issue aims to contribute to the climate actions which called for the need to address Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, keeping global warming to well below 2°C through various means, including accelerating renewables, clean fuels, and clean technologies into the entire energy system. As long as fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil) are still used in the foreseeable future, it is vital to ensure that these fossil fuels are used cleanly through abated technologies. Financing the clean and energy transition technologies is vital to ensure the smooth transition towards net zero emission by 2050 or beyond. The lack of long‐term financing, the low rate of return, the existence of various risks, and the lack of capacity of market players are major challenges to developing sustainable energy systems.This special collected 17 high-quality empirical studies that assess the challenges for developing secure and sustainable energy systems and provide practical policy recommendations. The editors of this special issue wish to thank the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) for funding several papers that were published in this special issue.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Physics --- industrial energy intensity --- pollution emission intensity --- quantile DID method --- Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei coordinated development --- China --- environmental Kuznets curve --- CO2 emission --- energy efficiency --- economic growth --- panel ARDL --- DEA --- energy transition --- renewables --- hydrogen --- fossil fuels --- emissions --- FDIA --- blockchain --- data exchanging --- under-operating agents --- ISO --- electricity market --- Saudi Arabia --- energy sustainability --- world energy trilemma index --- Bayesian Belief Network --- green technology --- sustainability --- climate change --- Southeast Asia --- energy policy --- high-efficiency --- low-emission --- carbon dioxide emissions --- carbon pricing --- subcritical --- desulphurization --- denitrification --- cost–benefit analysis --- levelized cost of electricity --- energy supply security --- energy dependence --- energy diversity --- business as usual (BAU) --- Alternative Policy Scenarios (APSs) --- clean technologies --- and resiliency --- multi plant firms --- environmental assessment --- local-global performance --- wind energy --- power trade --- counterfactual scenario --- ASEAN --- natural gas --- multi-objective --- goal programming --- optimization --- allocation --- connectivity --- energy infrastructure --- Mekong Subregion --- green bonds --- post-COVID-19 era --- Asia and the Pacific --- green finance --- sustainable development --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) --- circular economy --- environmental sustainability --- life cycle assessment (LCA) --- physico-chemical characterization --- Coats–Redfern model --- flammability --- integral model --- iso-conversional --- wind farm site selection --- multi-criteria decision-making system --- Analytic Hierarchy Process --- Semnan province --- ArcGIS


Book
Innovative Materials for Construction
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Most of the typical materials employed in today’s constructions present limitations, especially concerning their durability, in either common or severe environmental conditions, and their impact on the environment. In response to these issues, academic and industrial efforts around the world have been devoted to developing new smart materials that can provide efficient alternatives, improve the energy efficiency of buildings, or can upgrade, repair, or protect existing infrastructures. Different and wide technological innovations are, therefore, quickly fostering advancements in the field of construction materials. A new generation of materials (bricks, cement, coatings, concrete, FRP, glass, masonry, mortars, nano-materials, PCM, polymers, steel, wood, etc.) is gaining a prominent position in modern building technology, since they can overcome various limits and flaws of conventional materials employed in constructions, without neglecting the smart applications of pioneering materials in ancient constructions and historic buildings. Even though the adoption of innovative materials in the construction field has been a successful route in achieving enhanced performance, or even new and unexpected characteristics, some issues have not been completely solved. On top of them, the cost/performance ratio of novel solutions, since their introduction must be convenient, without compromising quality. Other concerns are related to their sustainability, with eco-friendly options, possibly exploiting recycled materials or by-products from other productions, being the most desirable solution. Finally, the use of materials or systems that are unconventional in this field raises the need to update or develop new specifications and standards. This special issue aims at providing a platform for discussing open issues, challenges, and achievements related to innovative materials proposed for the construction industry.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- isogrid --- aircraft load-bearing structures --- finite elements method --- nonlinear numerical analyses --- stability --- equilibrium path --- cement --- gypsum --- hydraulic lime --- mechanical properties --- mortars --- phase-change materials (PCM) --- sustainable materials for buildings --- thermal energy storage --- glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebar --- ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) --- concrete headed GFRP rebar --- bond strength --- development length --- flexural strength --- precast concrete deck --- material selection --- project performance --- material property --- analytic hierarchy process (AHP) --- building construction --- concrete system form --- phase change material (PCM) --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- thermal properties --- Ca7ZrAl6O18 --- 27Al MAS NMR --- Sr-rich (Sr,C)3AH6 --- cement hydration --- refractories --- immobilization of radioactive Sr --- shrinkage-reducing agent --- compressive strength --- splitting tensile strength --- freezing and thawing --- spacing factor --- cultural heritage --- durability --- mechanical characterization --- retrofitting --- strengthening --- quasi-brittle material --- three-point bending test --- energy fracture --- NHL --- composite material --- jute --- MICP --- ureolytic bacteria --- biocement --- natural plant fiber --- ladle furnace slag --- reclaimed asphalt pavements --- cold in-place recycling --- simple compressive strength --- bitumen emulsion --- waste --- circular economy --- bacteria --- biocementation --- construction --- microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation --- n/a


Book
Innovative Materials for Construction
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Most of the typical materials employed in today’s constructions present limitations, especially concerning their durability, in either common or severe environmental conditions, and their impact on the environment. In response to these issues, academic and industrial efforts around the world have been devoted to developing new smart materials that can provide efficient alternatives, improve the energy efficiency of buildings, or can upgrade, repair, or protect existing infrastructures. Different and wide technological innovations are, therefore, quickly fostering advancements in the field of construction materials. A new generation of materials (bricks, cement, coatings, concrete, FRP, glass, masonry, mortars, nano-materials, PCM, polymers, steel, wood, etc.) is gaining a prominent position in modern building technology, since they can overcome various limits and flaws of conventional materials employed in constructions, without neglecting the smart applications of pioneering materials in ancient constructions and historic buildings. Even though the adoption of innovative materials in the construction field has been a successful route in achieving enhanced performance, or even new and unexpected characteristics, some issues have not been completely solved. On top of them, the cost/performance ratio of novel solutions, since their introduction must be convenient, without compromising quality. Other concerns are related to their sustainability, with eco-friendly options, possibly exploiting recycled materials or by-products from other productions, being the most desirable solution. Finally, the use of materials or systems that are unconventional in this field raises the need to update or develop new specifications and standards. This special issue aims at providing a platform for discussing open issues, challenges, and achievements related to innovative materials proposed for the construction industry.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- isogrid --- aircraft load-bearing structures --- finite elements method --- nonlinear numerical analyses --- stability --- equilibrium path --- cement --- gypsum --- hydraulic lime --- mechanical properties --- mortars --- phase-change materials (PCM) --- sustainable materials for buildings --- thermal energy storage --- glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebar --- ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) --- concrete headed GFRP rebar --- bond strength --- development length --- flexural strength --- precast concrete deck --- material selection --- project performance --- material property --- analytic hierarchy process (AHP) --- building construction --- concrete system form --- phase change material (PCM) --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- thermal properties --- Ca7ZrAl6O18 --- 27Al MAS NMR --- Sr-rich (Sr,C)3AH6 --- cement hydration --- refractories --- immobilization of radioactive Sr --- shrinkage-reducing agent --- compressive strength --- splitting tensile strength --- freezing and thawing --- spacing factor --- cultural heritage --- durability --- mechanical characterization --- retrofitting --- strengthening --- quasi-brittle material --- three-point bending test --- energy fracture --- NHL --- composite material --- jute --- MICP --- ureolytic bacteria --- biocement --- natural plant fiber --- ladle furnace slag --- reclaimed asphalt pavements --- cold in-place recycling --- simple compressive strength --- bitumen emulsion --- waste --- circular economy --- bacteria --- biocementation --- construction --- microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation --- n/a

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