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Eine der großen Aufgaben von Architektur und Städtebau in unserer Zeit ist es, das Zusammenleben vieler verschiedener Menschen auf begrenztem Raum zu gestalten. Sebastian Bührig macht diese Herausforderungen des Miteinanders dort aus, wo besonders viele Menschen zusammenwohnen: in den Nachbarschaften zweier Wohnhochhäuser aus den 1970er Jahren im Zentrum Berlins, die baulich vieles gemeinsam haben und sich doch wesentlich unterscheiden. Mit der »Einmischenden Beobachtung« entwickelte er eine Methode, um den Menschen im Alltag an neuralgischen Punkten im gebauten und sozialen Raum gezielt mit einem Forschungsinteresse zu begegnen. Dieser Zugang ermöglicht lebendige empirische Einsichten in das nachbarschaftliche Neben-, Über-, Unter-, Gegen- und Miteinander in Vielfalt.

ARCHITECTURE / Urban & Land Use Planning.

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Wherever people live closely together, there is competition and displacement. We practically take it for granted that many public places cannot be used equally by different groups of people. This assumption goes almost unnoticed, and is counter to the ideals of a democratic, open society with equal rights for all its members. How do people who exist at the margins of society (or see themselves as existing there) experience public urban spaces? Where do they feel welcome, and where do they feel unwanted? Where, how, and why do use conflicts arise? The project Die fragmentierte Stadt-the fragmented city-pursues answers to these questions. A collection of observations, walks, and encounters that took place over the course of three years in Berlin, Graz, and Zurich form the foundation of four artistic ethnographic approaches to experiences of exclusion and appropriation strategies. Photographic, audio-visual, performance, and verbal investigations led to the development of the ideas, insights, and products introduced by the texts, images, and videos in this volume. Wo Menschen eng zusammenleben, gibt es Konkurrenz und Verdrängung. Beinahe selbstverständlich nehmen wir hin, dass viele öffentliche Räume nicht mehr von allen Bevölkerungsgruppen gleichermaßen genutzt werden. Dies geschieht ganz unbemerkt und widerspricht dem Ideal einer demokratischen, offenen Gesellschaft mit gleichberechtigten Mitgliedern. Wie erleben Menschen, die am Rande der Gesellschaft stehen (oder sich dort sehen) öffentliche Stadträume? Wo fühlen sie sich willkommen, wo nicht? Wo, wie und warum entstehen Nutzungskonflikte? Diesen Fragen geht das Projekt Die fragmentierte Stadt nach. Über drei Jahre hinweg stattfindende Beobachtungen, Spaziergänge und Begegnungen in Berlin, Graz und Zürich bilden die Grundlage von vier künstlerisch-ethnografischen Zugängen zu Exklusionserfahrungen und Aneignungsstrategien. In fotografischen, audiovisuellen, performativen und sprachlichen Untersuchungen entstanden Gedanken, Einsichten und Produkte, welche in diesem Band in Texten, Bildern und Videos vorgestellt werden.

ARCHITECTURE / Urban & Land Use Planning. --- public space --- photography --- exclusion

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Istanbul's demolition waste is, to a great extent, managed by çıkmacıs (reclaimers), who salvage condemned buildings for raw materials and architectural elements. They have operated in a grey zone since the informal urbanization identified by gecekondus, and they adapt to changing conditions of neoliberal transformation. In this book, Erdogan Onur Ceritoglu examines their livelihood and trade network based on a long-term ethnographic and architectural study. In the context of waste agency, he discusses the shared corporeality between çıkmacıs and discarded demolition materials, such as toxic materials, and the reuse of second-hand building elements.

ARCHITECTURE / Urban & Land Use Planning. --- City. --- Urban Planning. --- Urban Studies.

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Hatte die Architektur des 20. Jahrhunderts die Kontrolle des Gebäudeklima zur Hauptaufgabe erklärt, so muss die Architektur im 21. Jahrhundert den Umgang mit dem Stadtklima lernen. Städtische Hitze und Luftverschmutzung gilt es in die Planung und Gestaltung einzubeziehen. Basierend auf empirischen Erkenntnissen aus Kairo, Chongqing, Genf und Santiago de Chile verdeutlicht das Buch, dass Materialität und soziale Praktiken, verknüpft mit Raumbeheizung, Siedlungsbegrünung, Straßenausrichtung oder Klimapolitik, das Gewebe zeitgenössischer Stadtklimata bilden. Die Publikation verbindet soziokulturelle und meteorologische Daten. Sie plädiert für eine neue Art der "Thermal Governance", die die Wechselwirkung von klimatischen und sozioökonomischen Phänomenen in zeitgenössischen Städten berücksichtigt. While 20th century architecture learned to control the climate of a building, the architecture of the 21st century needs to learn to cope with the climate of cities. Problems such as urban heat and air pollution need to be included in planning and design. Based on empirical realities in Cairo, Chongqing, Geneva and Santiago de Chile, the book underlines that the materiality and social practices attached to room heating, compound greening, street alignment or climate policies together form the tissue for contemporary urban climates. It interweaves socio-cultural with meteorological data and pioneers the new concept of "thermal governance" by linking architectural and technological as well as legal and economic dimensions of climate control in urban environments.

ARCHITECTURE / Urban & Land Use Planning. --- 21st century. --- Cairo. --- Chongqing. --- Geneva. --- Santiago de Cile. --- Urbanism. --- micro climate.

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"The devastation of World War II left the Yugoslavian capital of Belgrade in ruins. Communist Party leader Josip Broz Tito saw this as a golden opportunity to recreate the city through his own vision of socialism. In Designing Tito's Capital, Brigitte Le Normand analyzes the unprecedented planning process called for by the new leader, and the determination of planners to create an urban environment that would benefit all citizens. Led first by architect Nikola Dobrovic and later by Miloš Somborski, planners blended the predominant school of European modernism and the socialist principles of efficient construction and space usage to produce a model for housing, green space, and working environments for the masses. A major influence was modernist Le Corbusier and his Athens Charter published in 1943, which called for the total reconstruction of European cities, transforming them into compact and verdant vertical cities unfettered by slumlords, private interests, and traffic congestion. As Yugoslavia transitioned toward self-management and market socialism, the functionalist district of New Belgrade and its modern living were lauded as the model city of socialist man. The glow of the utopian ideal would fade by the 1960s, when market socialism had raised expectations for living standards and the government was eager for inhabitants to finance their own housing. By 1972, a new master plan emerged under Aleksandar Đordevic, fashioned with the assistance of American experts. Espousing current theories about systems and rational process planning and using cutting edge computer technology, the new plan left behind the dream for a functionalist Belgrade and instead focused on managing growth trends. While the public resisted aspects of the new planning approach that seemed contrary to socialist values, it embraced the idea of a decentralized city connected by mass transit. Through extensive archival research and personal interviews with participants in the planning process, Le Normand's comprehensive study documents the evolution of 'New Belgrade' and its adoption and ultimate rejection of modernist principles, while also situating it within larger continental and global contexts of politics, economics, and urban planning."--

City planning --- Socialism --- HISTORY --- ARCHITECTURE --- City planning. --- Socialism. --- Eastern --- Urban & Land Use Planning. --- Serbia