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51 --- 51 Mathematics --- Mathematics --- Western culture --- Role of mathematics, to 1915. --- Civilization --- History.

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Heidegger and Nazism: Ever since the philosopher’s public involvement in state politics in 1933, his name has necessarily been a part of this unsavory couple. After the publication in 2014 of the private Black Notebooks, it is now unambiguously part of another: Heidegger and anti-Semitism. What do we learn from analyzing the anti-Semitism of these private writings, together with its sources and grounds, not only for Heidegger’s thought, but for the history of the West in which this thought is embedded? Jean-Luc Nancy poses these questions with the depth and rigor we would expect from him. In doing so, he does not go lightly on Heidegger, in whom he finds a philosophical and “historial” anti-Semitism, outlining a clash of “peoples” that must at all costs arrive at “another beginning.” If Heidegger’s uncritical acceptance of prejudices and long-debunked myths about “world Jewry” shares in the “banality” evoked by Hannah Arendt, this does nothing to lessen the charge. Nancy’s purpose, however, is not simply to condemn Heidegger but rather to invite us to think something to which the thinker of being remained blind: anti-Semitism as a self-hatred haunting the history of the West—and of Christianity in its drive toward an auto-foundation that would leave behind its origins in Judaism.

Antisemitism --- Philosophy. --- History --- Heidegger, Martin, --- Black Notebooks. --- Christianity. --- Heidegger. --- Western Culture. --- anti-Semitism. --- being. --- history of being. --- metaphysics. --- philosophy.

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The book presents Chinese historical thinking by four articles. It is covered the ancient origin and the development to modernity and is commented by seven international experts. Presentation and comments find "second thought" by three other international scholars, and at the end the whole discussion find an answer by the authors of the first presentations. The complex structure of argumentation documents not only various ideas and interpretations of Chinese historical thinking, but represent the possibilities and problems of intercultural comparison at the same time.

Historiography --- History --- Cross-cultural studies --- Historical criticism --- Authorship --- Criticism --- chinese --- intellectual history --- theory of history --- humanism --- China --- Episteme --- Power-knowledge --- Western culture --- Western world

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Ethnology --- Ethnophilosophy --- Ethnopsychology --- Knowledge, Sociology of --- Philosophy --- knowledge --- the self --- individuality --- relational culture --- ethnography --- Maori epistemology --- consciousness --- shamanism --- cosmology --- ecstasy --- cultural diversity --- myths --- morality --- Native Americans --- Western culture

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The essays assembled here represent forty years of reflection about the European cultural past by an eminent historian. The volume concentrates on the Renaissance and Reformation, while providing a lens through which to view problems of perennial interest. A Usable Past is a book of unusual scope, touching on such topics as political thought and historiography, metaphysical and practical conceptions of order, the relevance of Renaissance humanism to Protestant thought, the secularization of European culture, the contributions of particular professional groups to European civilization, and the teaching of history. The essays in A Usable Past are unified by a set of common concerns. William Bouwsma has always resisted the pretensions to science that have shaped much recent historical scholarship and made the work of historians increasingly specialized and inaccessible to lay readers. Following Friedrich Nietzsche, he argues that since history is a kind of public utility, historical research should contribute to the self-understanding of society.

History of civilization --- History --- Philosophy. --- Europe --- Civilization. --- History, Modern --- Philosophy --- Civilization --- 17th century. --- academic. --- civilization. --- cultural history. --- cultural studies. --- essay anthology. --- essay collection. --- european culture. --- european history. --- historian. --- historical research. --- historical. --- historiography. --- law. --- lawyers. --- legal issues. --- metaphysical. --- middle ages. --- nietzsche. --- politics. --- reformation. --- renaissance. --- research. --- scholarly. --- secular world. --- secular. --- social history. --- social studies. --- society. --- western culture. --- western world.