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Novel THz device concepts and signal processing schemes are introduced and experimentally confirmed. Record-high data rates are achieved with a simple envelope detector at the receiver. Moreover, a THz communication system using an optoelectronic receiver and a photonic local oscillator is shown for the first time, and a new class of devices for THz transmitters and receivers is investigated which enables a monolithic co-integration of THz components with advanced silicon photonic circuits.

Electrical engineering --- Terahertz Kommunikation --- Drahtlosnetzwerke --- 6G --- Optoelektronische Signalverarbeitung --- Silizium Plasmonik --- Terahertz communication --- Wireless networks --- Optoelectronic signal processing --- Silicon plasmonics

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The application of mathematical analysis to wireless networks has met with limited success, due to the complexity of mobility and traffic models, coupled with the dynamic topology and the unpredictability of link quality that characterize such networks. The ability to model individual, independent decision makers whose actions potentially affect all other decision makers makes game theory particularly attractive to analyze the performance of ad hoc networks.

Game theory. --- Algebra. --- Wireless communication systems --- Mathematical models. --- Communication systems, Wireless --- Wireless data communication systems --- Wireless information networks --- Wireless telecommunication systems --- Games, Theory of --- Theory of games --- Wireless networks. --- Communications theory. --- Wireless communications. --- Distributed protocols. --- Optimization. --- Telecommunication systems --- Mathematics --- Mathematical analysis --- Mathematical models

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The Industrial Internet of Things (Industrial IoT—IIoT) has emerged as the core construct behind the various cyber-physical systems constituting a principal dimension of the fourth Industrial Revolution. While initially born as the concept behind specific industrial applications of generic IoT technologies, for the optimization of operational efficiency in automation and control, it quickly enabled the achievement of the total convergence of Operational (OT) and Information Technologies (IT). The IIoT has now surpassed the traditional borders of automation and control functions in the process and manufacturing industry, shifting towards a wider domain of functions and industries, embraced under the dominant global initiatives and architectural frameworks of Industry 4.0 (or Industrie 4.0) in Germany, Industrial Internet in the US, Society 5.0 in Japan, and Made-in-China 2025 in China. As real-time embedded systems are quickly achieving ubiquity in everyday life and in industrial environments, and many processes already depend on real-time cyber-physical systems and embedded sensors, the integration of IoT with cognitive computing and real-time data exchange is essential for real-time analytics and realization of digital twins in smart environments and services under the various frameworks’ provisions. In this context, real-time sensor networks and systems for the Industrial IoT encompass multiple technologies and raise significant design, optimization, integration and exploitation challenges. The ten articles in this Special Issue describe advances in real-time sensor networks and systems that are significant enablers of the Industrial IoT paradigm. In the relevant landscape, the domain of wireless networking technologies is centrally positioned, as expected.

History of engineering & technology --- anomaly detection --- recurrent neural networks --- neural networks compression --- LHC --- WirelessHART network --- delay analysis --- real-time systems --- multi-channel processing --- simulation modeling --- transmission scheduling scheme --- industrial internet of things --- wireless networks --- industrial control systems --- wireless networked control systems --- industrial IoT --- security --- legacy production machinery --- real-time condition monitoring --- wireless local area network --- IEEE 802.11ah --- medium access control --- timeliness --- Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs) --- multipath retransmission --- resource scheduling --- realtime wireless communication --- monitoring and control system --- virtualization --- controller area network --- fieldbus --- real-time --- container --- Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) --- LoRa --- WiFi HaLow --- Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) --- Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) --- Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) --- BLE Long Range --- WirelessHART --- ISA100.11a --- deep sparse coding --- convolutional neural networks --- signal analysis --- respiratory diseases --- medication adherence --- hardware design --- trust --- cryptography --- n/a

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The Industrial Internet of Things (Industrial IoT—IIoT) has emerged as the core construct behind the various cyber-physical systems constituting a principal dimension of the fourth Industrial Revolution. While initially born as the concept behind specific industrial applications of generic IoT technologies, for the optimization of operational efficiency in automation and control, it quickly enabled the achievement of the total convergence of Operational (OT) and Information Technologies (IT). The IIoT has now surpassed the traditional borders of automation and control functions in the process and manufacturing industry, shifting towards a wider domain of functions and industries, embraced under the dominant global initiatives and architectural frameworks of Industry 4.0 (or Industrie 4.0) in Germany, Industrial Internet in the US, Society 5.0 in Japan, and Made-in-China 2025 in China. As real-time embedded systems are quickly achieving ubiquity in everyday life and in industrial environments, and many processes already depend on real-time cyber-physical systems and embedded sensors, the integration of IoT with cognitive computing and real-time data exchange is essential for real-time analytics and realization of digital twins in smart environments and services under the various frameworks’ provisions. In this context, real-time sensor networks and systems for the Industrial IoT encompass multiple technologies and raise significant design, optimization, integration and exploitation challenges. The ten articles in this Special Issue describe advances in real-time sensor networks and systems that are significant enablers of the Industrial IoT paradigm. In the relevant landscape, the domain of wireless networking technologies is centrally positioned, as expected.

anomaly detection --- recurrent neural networks --- neural networks compression --- LHC --- WirelessHART network --- delay analysis --- real-time systems --- multi-channel processing --- simulation modeling --- transmission scheduling scheme --- industrial internet of things --- wireless networks --- industrial control systems --- wireless networked control systems --- industrial IoT --- security --- legacy production machinery --- real-time condition monitoring --- wireless local area network --- IEEE 802.11ah --- medium access control --- timeliness --- Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs) --- multipath retransmission --- resource scheduling --- realtime wireless communication --- monitoring and control system --- virtualization --- controller area network --- fieldbus --- real-time --- container --- Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) --- LoRa --- WiFi HaLow --- Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) --- Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) --- Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) --- BLE Long Range --- WirelessHART --- ISA100.11a --- deep sparse coding --- convolutional neural networks --- signal analysis --- respiratory diseases --- medication adherence --- hardware design --- trust --- cryptography --- n/a

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The book “Integrated human exposure to air pollution” aimed to increase knowledge about human exposure in different micro-environments, or when citizens are performing specific tasks, to demonstrate methodologies for the understanding of pollution sources and their impact on indoor and ambient air quality, and, ultimately, to identify the most effective mitigation measures to decrease human exposure and protect public health. Taking advantage of the latest available tools, such as internet of things (IoT), low-cost sensors and a wide access to online platforms and apps by the citizens, new methodologies and approaches can be implemented to understand which factors can influence human exposure to air pollution. This knowledge, when made available to the citizens, along with the awareness of the impact of air pollution on human life and earth systems, can empower them to act, individually or collectively, to promote behavioral changes aiming to reduce pollutants’ emissions. Overall, this book gathers fourteen innovative studies that provide new insights regarding these important topics within the scope of human exposure to air pollution. A total of five main areas were discussed and explored within this book and, hopefully, can contribute to the advance of knowledge in this field.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Personal Air Pollution Exposure (PAPE) --- air pollution monitoring --- IoT --- Air Quality Decision Support System --- health impact --- air pollution --- public concern --- air quality index --- Baidu index --- Shanghai --- air quality --- crowd-sensing --- crowd-sourced sensing --- environmental analysis --- pollution --- particulate matter --- dust sensor --- human exposure --- Arduino --- wireless networks --- oxides --- traffic --- state space --- milan --- area b --- cross validation --- policy intervention analysis --- counter-factual --- unobservable components --- PM2.5 --- population exposure --- tier-models --- health burden misclassification --- BenMap-CE --- tuberculosis --- infectious disease --- time-series --- Poisson regression --- kriging --- road dust --- PM10 emission factors --- enrichment index --- human health risk --- atmospheric aerosols --- bioaerosols --- culturable bacteria --- long-term trends --- hazard for human --- indoor air quality --- e-cigarettes --- heat-not-burn tobacco --- traditional smoking products --- tobacco smoke --- passenger cars --- lung inflammation --- allergy --- indoor pollutants --- biomarkers --- FeNO --- eosinophil --- neutrophil --- fine particulate matter --- economic growth --- urbanization --- industrialization --- Granger causality test --- air pollutants --- monitoring --- seasonality --- chemical characterization --- source apportionment --- particulate matters (PM) --- air purifier --- experiment --- real-time monitoring unit --- transfer unit --- occupant --- breathing zone --- cooking fuel --- household air pollution --- preterm births --- perinatal mortality --- low birth weight --- stillbirth --- Nigeria --- n/a