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Dans son célèbre ouvrage de 1970, François Jacob assurait à son lecteur « qu'on n'interroge plus la vie dans les laboratoires ». Il tentait en même temps pourtant d'y fonder les principes d'une « connaissance du vivant », enfermant ainsi la réflexion philosophique dans un cercle inextricable: comment donc s'y prendre pour caractériser la différence entre le vivant et le non vivant, sans avoir recours à la vie? Dans le prolongement de la réflexion que je mène depuis quelques années, ce livre tente de lever ce paradoxe en défendant les principes d'une « approche physique étendue » du vital qui rejette pourtant toute forme de métaphysique physicaliste, celle qui nous laisse croire qu'on peut tirer de la science ces deux affirmations ahurissantes: « le monde physique est complet » et « il est clôturé causalement ». Paul-Antoine Miquel enseigne la philosophie à l'université de Nice. Il est également membre du laboratoire Ceperc (UMR CNRS 6059) à l'université de Provence. Ses derniers ouvrages publiés sont: « Qu'est-ce que la vie » (Vrin, 2007); « Bergson ou l'imagination métaphysique » (Kimé, 2007); « Biologie du XXe Siècle. Evolution des concepts fondateurs » (de Boeck, 2008).
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Biology --- Philosophy. --- Vitalism
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Biology --- Philosophy. --- Vitalism
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Although Seibutsu no Sekai (The World of Living Things), the seminal 1941 work of Kinji Imanishi, had an enormous impact in Japan, both on scholars and on the general public, very little is known about it in the English-speaking world. This book makes the complete text available in English for the first time and provides an extensive introduction and notes to set the work in context. Imanishi's work, based on a very wide knowledge of science and the natural world, puts forward a distinctive view of nature and how it should be studied. Imanishi's work is particularly important as a bac
Biology --- Vitalism --- Philosophy.
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Philip Kitcher is one of the leading figures in the philosophy of science today. Here he collects, for the first time, many of his published articles on the philosophy of biology, spanning from the mid-1980's to the present. The book's title refers to Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk who was one of the first scientists to develop a theory of heredity. Mendel's work has been deeply influential to our understanding of our selves and our world, just as the study of genetics today will have a profound and long-term impact on future scientific research. Kitcher's articles cover a broad range of t
Biology --- Vitalism --- Philosophy.
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Biology --- Genetics --- Vitalism --- Philosophy.
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This is an Element surveying the most important literature using game theory and evolutionary game theory to shed light on questions in the philosophy of biology. There are two branches of literature that the book focuses on. It begins with a short introduction to game theory and evolutionary game theory. It then turns to working using signaling games to explore questions related to communication, meaning, language, and reference. The second part of the book addresses prosociality - strategic behavior that contributes to the successful functioning of social groups - using the prisoner's dilemma, stag hunt, and bargaining games.
Biology --- Vitalism --- Philosophy.
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"In this volume, Andrea Borghini and Elena Casetta introduce a wide spectrum of key philosophical problems related to life sciences in a neat framework and an accessible style, with a special emphasis on metaphysical issues. The volume is divided into three parts. The first addresses the two main questions stemming from life sciences: what is life, and what is the correct understanding of the theory of evolution? The second part looks at metaphysical questions concerning biological entities: environments, species, organisms, and biological individuals. The third part focuses on theoretical questions of particular ethical and political significance: sex and gender, the biotechnological revolution, and the evolution of behavior and culture. Each chapter is followed by a list of further readings".
Biology --- Vitalism --- Philosophy.
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