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Provides an illustrated, comprehensive review of obesity. An introductory discussion of the definitions of obesity and its epidemiology is followed by a detailed section on pathophysiology and aetiology.Tackles genetic predisposition and appetite regulation, in addition to common environmental and lifestyle factors and ethnicity. The authors proceed to discuss the much neglected area of management, approaching this area by defining the need to effectively assess the causes of the condition in the patient, giving advice on differential diagnosis, diet and exercise, behavioural therapy, surgery

Behavior modification. --- Obesity--Therapy. --- Weight loss -- Psychological aspects. --- Obesity --- Overnutrition --- Overweight --- Nutrition Disorders --- Body Weight --- Body Size --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases --- Body Weights and Measures --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Body Constitution --- Physiological Phenomena --- Physical Examination --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Diagnosis

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Obesity is a global epidemic, with large proportions of adults and children overweight or obese in many developed and developing countries. As a result, there is an unprecedented level of interest and research in the complex interactions between our genetic susceptibility, diet and lifestyle in determining individual risk of obesity. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, this collection sums up the key themes in weight control research, focusing on their implications and applications for food product development and consumers.

Human medicine --- Obesity. --- Overweight --- Investigative Techniques --- Overnutrition --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Physiological Phenomena --- Body Weight --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Nutrition Disorders --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Body Size --- Signs and Symptoms --- Phenomena and Processes --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Body Weights and Measures --- Diseases --- Body Constitution --- Physical Examination --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Diagnosis --- Diet --- Obesity --- Food habits --- Obesity in children. --- Weight loss. --- Physiological aspects. --- Nutritional aspects. --- Health aspects. --- Etiology. --- Psychological aspects. --- Prevention.

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Environmental health --- Disease susceptibility --- Sex factors in disease --- Environmental Pollution --- Epidemiologic Factors --- Health --- Publication Formats --- Disease Attributes --- Body Constitution --- Pathologic Processes --- Public Health --- Population Characteristics --- Physiological Phenomena --- Publication Characteristics --- Quality of Health Care --- Health Care --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Environment and Public Health --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Phenomena and Processes --- Diseases --- Congresses --- Disease Susceptibility --- Sex Factors --- Environmental Exposure --- Women's Health --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Environmental Health --- Diathesis --- Disease predisposition --- Disease proneness --- Predisposition to disease --- Proneness to disease --- Susceptibility to disease --- Sex differences --- Sex factors --- Susceptibility --- Pathology --- Constitutional diseases --- Causes and theories of causation

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The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased in western and westernized societies, making the disease the second leading cause of unnecessary deaths in the US. Obesity results from imbalanced metabolic regulation leading to excessive lipid storage. As important novel entities in metabolic regulation, taste receptors and their cells are critical elements that adapt the gustatory system to metabolic signals and vice versa. The role of taste receptor genes in gastrointestinal tissues, as well as their dynamic regulation in gustatory and non-gustatory tissues in response to metabolic cues, has become the focus of an entirely new and rapidly developing research field with impacts on fuel sensing, metabolic control, and ingestive behavior. This book reflects the recent scientific progress in the field of fuel sensing in the mouth, GI tract, and brain and examines the olfactory bulb as a potential metabolic sensor and the brain-gut endocrine axis. It also touches on relevant novel molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating lipid storage and metabolism and covers the identification and functional characterization of obesity genes. Lastly, it illustrates the use of insect models to study relevant problems of energy homeostasis.

Bioenergetics. --- Chemoreceptors. --- Energy metabolism -- Regulation. --- Lipids -- Metabolism. --- Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Animal models. --- Obesity -- Animal models. --- Metabolism --- Chemoreceptors --- Bioenergetics --- Lipids --- Obesity --- Non-insulin-dependent diabetes --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Neurons, Afferent --- Peripheral Nervous System --- Overweight --- Overnutrition --- Nutrition Disorders --- Neurons --- Phenomena and Processes --- Body Weight --- Nervous System --- Energy Metabolism --- Sensory Receptor Cells --- Cells --- Body Size --- Signs and Symptoms --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Anatomy --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases --- Body Weights and Measures --- Body Constitution --- Physiological Phenomena --- Physical Examination --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Diagnosis --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cytology --- Physiology --- Regulation --- Animal models --- Obesity. --- Research. --- Disorders. --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Disorders of metabolism --- Metabolic diseases --- Metabolic disorders --- Metabolism, Disorders of --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Life sciences. --- Cell biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Cell Biology. --- Body weight --- Nutrition disorders --- Biochemistry --- Disorders --- Cytology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cytologists

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Obesity is considered as top at risk condition in the world and it is mandatory to identify the physiopathological causes involved in adipose tissue enlargement and related metabolic and cardiovascular health disorders. Environmental, behavioural, genetic, epigenetic and multiple biological factors interact to cause obesity. In this context adipose tissue depots have been under focus in the last decades and pivotal concepts have emerged from the studies of their complex biology. While the white adipose tissue (WAT) is the main energy repository in the body (mobilizing fatty acids according to body needs) thanks to white adipocyte properties, WAT is also a multicellular organ communicating with other body organs (brain, muscles, liver, pancreas, heart, vessels, etc…) via complex networks of endocrine signals. The discovery of leptin in 1994 led to recognize WAT as a master organ at the crossroad of a myriad of physiological interactions to control food intake, energy balance, glucose and lipid metabolism, immunity and reproduction. The phenotype, amount and biology of each WAT component are profoundly altered in human obesity. Adipose plasticity also accounts for the extraordinary capacity of adipose precursors to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes, osteoblasts, haematopoietic and neural cells, a convenient property for regenerative medicine. Finally, while initially thought to exert a negligible role in humans, the discovery of brown adipose tissue in adults stimulates a novel interest for this tissue with high capacity to oxidize fatty acids.

Adipose tissues. --- Adipose tissues --- Connective Tissue --- Overweight --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Overnutrition --- Body Weight --- Tissues --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Nutrition Disorders --- Obesity --- Physiology --- Adipose Tissue --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Body Size --- Signs and Symptoms --- Anatomy --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Body Weights and Measures --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases --- Body Constitution --- Physical Examination --- Physiological Phenomena --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Phenomena and Processes --- Diagnosis --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Connective tissues --- Areolar tissue --- Adipose tissue --- Body fat tissues --- Fat tissue --- Fatty tissue --- Medicine. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Collagen --- Elastic tissue --- Musculoskeletal system --- Fat --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general. --- Paris <2009>