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The ever-increasing need for higher efficiency, smaller size, and lower cost make the analysis, understanding, and design of energy conversion systems extremely important, interesting, and even imperative. One of the most neglected features in the study of such systems is the effect of the inherent nonlinearities on the stability of the system. Due to these nonlinearities, these devices may exhibit undesirable and complex dynamics, which are the focus of many researchers. Even though a lot of research has taken place in this area during the last 20 years, it is still an active research topic for mainstream power engineers. This research has demonstrated that these systems can become unstable with a direct result in increased losses, extra subharmonics, and even uncontrollability/unobservability. The detailed study of these systems can help in the design of smaller, lighter, and less expensive converters that are particularly important in emerging areas of research like electric vehicles, smart grids, renewable energy sources, and others. The aim of this Special Issue is to cover control and nonlinear aspects of instabilities in different energy conversion systems: theoretical, analysis modelling, and practical solutions for such emerging applications. In this Special Issue, we present novel research works in different areas of the control and nonlinear dynamics of energy conversion systems.

multi-clearance --- neural network --- zero average dynamics --- Cable3D --- variable bus voltage MG --- explosion-magnetic generator --- quadratic boost --- matrix norm --- coordinated control system --- permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) --- photovoltaic (PV) --- power conversion --- capacitance current pulse train control --- air gap eccentricity --- high step-up voltage gain --- voltage ripple --- offset-free --- goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (GrHDP) --- current mode control --- sliding mode observer (SMO) --- multi-model predictive control --- combined heat and power unit --- discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) --- current-pulse formation --- sliding mode control --- single artificial neuron goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (SAN-GrHDP) --- subharmonic oscillations --- DC micro grid --- supply air temperature --- air-handling unit (AHU) --- vibration characteristics --- magnetic saturation --- slope compensation --- fixed-point inducting control --- the load of suspension point in the z direction --- variable switching frequency DC-DC converters --- droop control --- Helmholtz number --- plasma accelerator --- contraction analysis --- sliding control --- bifurcations in control parameter --- disturbance observer --- DC motor --- multiphysics --- virtual impedance --- pulverizing system --- ultrahigh voltage conversion ratio --- corrugated pipe --- DC-DC converters --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- dynamic model --- nonlinear dynamics --- new step-up converter --- micro-grid --- global stability --- extended back electromotive force (EEMF) --- small-signal model --- electromagnetic vibration --- nonlinear dynamic model --- excited modes --- data-driven --- rigid body rotation --- position sensorless --- prediction --- centralized vs. decentralized control --- inferential control --- boost-flyback converter --- calculation method --- switched reluctance generator --- monodromy matrix --- bridgeless converter --- decoupling control --- distributed architecture --- wave --- buck converter --- soft sensor --- model–plant mismatches --- whistling noise --- efficiency optimization --- steel catenary riser --- moving horizon estimation --- single artificial neuron (SAN) --- space mechanism --- two-stage bypass --- electrical machine --- harmonic suppression --- local vs. global optimization --- performance recovery --- reinforcement learning (RL) --- adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) --- overvoltage --- planetary gears --- maximum power point tracking --- DC-DC buck converter --- power quality --- average-current mode control --- feedback coefficient --- power factor correction (PFC) --- capacitance current --- predictive control --- rotor dynamics

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In this book, 20 papers focused on different fields of power electronics are gathered. Approximately half of the papers are focused on different control issues and techniques, ranging from the computer-aided design of digital compensators to more specific approaches such as fuzzy or sliding control techniques. The rest of the papers are focused on the design of novel topologies. The fields in which these controls and topologies are applied are varied: MMCs, photovoltaic systems, supercapacitors and traction systems, LEDs, wireless power transfer, etc.

Technology: general issues --- vehicle-grid coupling system --- low frequency oscillation --- traction line-side converter (LSC) --- model-based predictive current control (MBPCC) --- dSPACE semi-physical verification --- switching converters --- sliding-mode control --- current-mode control --- hysteresis control --- PV-connected inverter --- MPPT --- SPPT --- adaptive hysteresis current control --- hybrid storage systems --- power electronic converters --- half-bridge current-source converters --- supercapacitors --- cascaded H-bridge (CHB) --- dc-link voltage balance control --- multilevel converter --- power control --- single-phase system --- pulsating output current --- light emitting diode (LED) --- peak to average ratio (PTAR) --- power factor correction --- harmonic injection --- modelling --- feedback loop control --- three-port converter --- linear active disturbance rejection control --- virtual damping --- linear extended state observer --- power converters --- digital control --- design space --- frequency domain --- switched affine systems --- hybrid systems --- fuzzy identification --- fuzzy modeling --- two degrees of freedom --- fuzzy model predictive control --- PLC --- bus converter --- DC bus --- LED driver --- buck converter --- inversion formulae --- phase margin --- gain crossover frequency --- wireless power transfer --- inductive power transfer --- Pareto optimality --- coil design --- magnetics design --- GaN-based inverter and converter --- zeta inverter --- active clamp --- synchronous rectification --- power efficiency --- circulating current --- fuzzy --- proportional integral --- proportional resonant --- MMC --- DC–DC converter --- experimental verification --- Inductor–Diode --- Inductor–Capacitor–Diode --- nonisolated --- step-down --- two-stage buck converter --- voltage regulation --- power electronic converter --- AC/AC converter --- matrix converter --- reliability --- DPWM --- photovoltaic power system --- differential flatness --- nonlinear control --- networked power converters --- PFC converters --- reactive power resources --- supervisory controller --- HIL Testbed --- binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) --- nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (NTSMC) --- global best solution --- total harmonic distortion (THD) --- DC–AC converter --- decoupling --- reduced order generalized integrator (ROGI) --- optimal gain --- distributed power generation system (DPGS) --- grid-connected voltage source converters (GC-VSCs)

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Photovoltaic solar energy technology (PV) has been developing rapidly in the past decades, leading to a multi-billion-dollar global market. It is of paramount importance that PV systems function properly, which requires the generation of expected energy both for small-scale systems that consist of a few solar modules and for very large-scale systems containing millions of modules. This book increases the understanding of the issues relevant to PV system design and correlated performance; moreover, it contains research from scholars across the globe in the fields of data analysis and data mapping for the optimal performance of PV systems, faults analysis, various causes for energy loss, and design and integration issues. The chapters in this book demonstrate the importance of designing and properly monitoring photovoltaic systems in the field in order to ensure continued good performance.

fault diagnosis --- modeling --- simulation --- fault tree analysis --- photovoltaic system --- Bartlett’s test --- metaheuristic --- population density --- spatial analyses --- AC parameters --- parameter estimation --- fiber reinforced polymeric plastic (FRP) --- Hartigan’s dip test --- energy --- image processing --- real data --- photovoltaic (PV) systems monitoring --- forecast --- photovoltaic plants --- system --- graphical malfunction detection --- defects --- STATCOM --- photo-generated current --- performance analysis --- photovoltaic module performance --- solar energy --- urban context --- thermal interaction --- underdamped oscillation --- reliability --- membership algorithm --- photovoltaic systems --- availability --- fuzzy logic controller --- ANOVA --- solar farm --- energy yield --- cluster analysis --- photovoltaics --- annual yield --- residential buildings --- PV array --- PV system --- dc-dc converter --- quasi-opposition based learning --- grid-connected --- performance ratio --- organic soiling --- vegetated/green roof --- conventional roof membrane --- UV-fluorescence imaging --- PV thermal performance --- PV systems --- failure mode and effect analysis --- ageing and degradation of PV-modules --- sheet molding compound FRP --- Jarque-Bera’s test --- Tukey’s test --- technical costs --- Kruskal-Wallis’ test --- improved cuckoo search algorithm --- PV energy performance --- pultruded FRP --- cracks --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- structural design --- software development --- floating PV generation structure --- malfunction detection --- modules --- photovoltaic performance --- maximum power point --- GIS --- impedance spectroscopy --- floating PV systems (FPV) --- solar cells --- Renewable Energy --- loss analysis --- shade resilience --- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) --- failure detection --- optimization problem --- failure rates --- FCM algorithm --- stability analysis --- reactive power support --- mooring system --- buck converter --- Mood’s Median test --- photovoltaic modeling --- module architecture --- PV module --- data analysis --- partial shading --- opposition-based learning --- silicon --- floating PV module (FPVM) --- electroluminescence --- urban compactness

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Renewable energies are becoming a must to counteract the consequences of the global warming. More efficient devices and better control strategies are required in the generation, transport, and conversion of electricity. Energy is processed by power converters that are currently the key building blocks in modern power distribution systems. The associated electrical architecture is based on buses for energy distribution and uses a great number of converters for interfacing both input and output energy. This book shows that sliding-mode control is contributing to improve the performances of power converters by means of accurate theoretical analyses that result in efficient implementations. The sliding-mode control of power converters for renewable energy applications offers a panoramic view of the most recent uses of this regulation technique in practical cases. By presenting examples that range from dozens of kilowatts to only a few watts, the book covers control solutions for AC–DC and DC–AC generation, power factor correction, multilevel converters, constant-power load supply, wind energy systems, efficient lighting, digital control implementation, multiphase converters, and energy harvesting. The selected examples developed by recognized specialists are illustrated by means of detailed simulations and experiments to help the reader to understand the theoretical approach in each case considered in the book.

History of engineering & technology --- output regulation --- state feedback --- sliding mode control --- DC-DC power converter --- DC-DC converters --- boost converter --- constant power load (CPL) --- fixed switching frequency --- sliding-mode control --- inrush current mitigation --- Induction Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamps (IEFL) --- High-Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID) --- loss-free resistor (LFR) --- two-loop digital control --- buck converter --- input-output linearization --- PWM --- sliding mode --- DC-DC converter --- multiphase converter --- disturbance observer --- electric vehicles --- power-hardware-in-the-loop --- renewable energy systems --- fast dynamic response --- wind energy conversion system --- series-series-compensated wireless power transfer system --- energy harvesting --- isolated SEPIC converter --- high power factor rectifier --- isolated PFC rectifier --- bridgeless rectifier --- DC distribution bus --- microinverter --- sliding mode control (SMC), self-oscillating system --- two cascaded-boosts converters --- decision making --- design concept --- doubly-fed induction generator --- grid-side converter --- harmonic distortion --- multi-objective optimisation --- second-order sliding-mode control --- tuning --- unbalanced voltage --- wind power generation --- harvesting --- inductive transducer --- loss free resistor --- dc-to-dc converter --- DFIG --- adaptive-gain second-order sliding mode --- direct power control --- balanced and unbalanced grid voltage --- Lyapunov-based filter design --- constant power load --- Sliding Mode controlled power module --- zero dynamics stability --- modular multilevel converter --- Lyapunov stability --- dual boost inverter --- step-up inverter --- grid connection --- sliding mode control (SMC) --- power converter --- continuous signal generator --- equivalent control --- AC-DC power converter --- wind energy --- control --- dual-stator winding induction generator --- second order sliding mode

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Wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors are becoming a key enabling technology for several strategic fields, including power electronics, illumination, and sensors. This reprint collects the 23 papers covering the full spectrum of the above applications and providing contributions from the on-going research at different levels, from materials to devices and from circuits to systems.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Energy industries & utilities --- energy storage system --- power conditioning system --- silicon carbide --- vanadium redox flow batteries --- AlGaN/GaN --- SiC --- high electron mobility transistor --- Schottky barrier diode --- breakdown field --- noise --- charge traps --- radio frequency --- wide-bandgap (WBG) --- gallium nitride (GaN) --- silicon carbide (SiC) --- high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) --- metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) --- driving technology --- nickel oxide --- annealing temperature --- crystallite size --- optical band gap --- electrochromic device --- indium oxide thin film --- solution method --- plasma surface treatment --- bias stability --- aluminum nitride --- Schottky barrier diodes --- radio frequency sputtering --- X-ray diffraction --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy --- piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers --- ranging --- time of flight (TOF) --- time to digital converter circuit (TDC) --- AlGaN/GaN heterojunction --- p-GaN gate --- unidirectional operation --- rectifying electrode --- first-principles --- density functional theory --- pure β-Ga2O3 --- Sr-doped β-Ga2O3 --- p-type doping --- band structure --- density of states --- optical absorption --- AlN buffer layer --- NH3 growth interruption --- strain relaxation --- GaN-based LED --- low defect density --- gate bias modulation --- palladium catalyst --- gallium nitride --- nitrogen dioxide gas sensor --- laser micromachining --- sapphire --- AlGaN/GaN heterostructures --- high-electron mobility devices --- p-GaN gate HEMT --- normally off --- low-resistance SiC substrate --- temperature --- high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) --- equivalent-circuit modeling --- microwave frequency --- scattering-parameter measurements --- GaN --- MIS-HEMTs --- fabrication --- threshold voltage stability --- supercritical technology --- GaN power HEMTs --- breakdown voltage --- current collapse --- compensation ratio --- auto-compensation --- carbon doping --- HVPE --- AlN --- high-temperature --- buffer layer --- nitridation --- high-electron mobility transistor --- heterogeneous integration --- SOI --- QST --- crystal growth --- cubic and hexagonal structure --- blue and yellow luminescence --- electron lifetime --- wafer dicing --- stealth dicing --- laser thermal separation --- dry processing --- laser processing --- wide bandgap semiconductor --- photovoltaic module --- digital signal processor --- synchronous buck converter --- polar --- semi-polar --- non-polar --- magnetron sputtering --- HTA --- GaN-HEMT mesa structures --- 2DEG --- X-ray sensor --- X-ray imaging --- n/a